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entries/abaev_Batraz.xml
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entries/abaev_Batraz.xml
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batraz</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_Batraz" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d4540e66" type="lemma"><orth>Batraz</orth><form xml:id="form_d4540e68" type="variant"><orth>Batraʒ</orth></form><form xml:id="form_d4540e70" type="variant"><orth>Batyraʒ</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4540e73"><def xml:lang="ru">один из виднейших героев осетинского (нартовского) эпоса,
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сын Хамица, герой, закаленный в небесной кузнице, неуязвимый и непобедимый;
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погибает в борьбе с небесными силами. <bibl><author>G.
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Dumézil</author></bibl> усматривает в образе Батраза черты грозового
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божества (<bibl><author>G. Dumézil</author><biblScope>Légendes sur les
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Nartes. 1930, стр. 179—189</biblScope></bibl>).</def><def xml:lang="en">one of the most eminent heroes of the Ossetic (Nart) epics,
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son of Khamits, hero which was experienced in the celestial smithery,
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invulnerable and invincible; dies during the fight with the celestial
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forces. <bibl><author>G. Dumézil</author></bibl> sees traits of the storm
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god in Batyraz' character ( <bibl><author>G.
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Dumézil</author><biblScope>Légendes sur les Nartes. 1930, pp.
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179—189</biblScope></bibl>)</def><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">[у <bibl><author>Клапрота</author><biblScope>(1812)</biblScope></bibl>
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Bateras</hi>, у
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<bibl><author>Пфаффа</author><biblScope>(1871)</biblScope></bibl>
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batras</hi>]</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">[apud
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<bibl><author>Klaproth</author><biblScope>(1812)</biblScope></bibl>
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Bateras</hi>, apud
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<bibl><author>Pfaff</author><biblScope>(1871)</biblScope></bibl>
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batras</hi>]</note></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4540e113">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4540e115">
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<quote>Batyraz… K˳yrdalægonmæ nyččydi æmæ jyn zaǧta: „Bajsærd mæ“</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Батраз пошел к Курдалагону (богу кузнецу) и сказал ему: «Закали
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меня»</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Batyraz went to Kwyrdalægon (blacksmith deity) and said to him: ‘Harden
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me‘</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>I
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26</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4540e134">
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<quote>æz Narty Xæmycy fyrt Batraʒ dæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>я сын Хамица Батраз из Нартов</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I am son of Khæmyts, Batraz of the Narts</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/><biblScope>237</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4540e153" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>Xæmici furt minkʼij Batraz æ bæxbæl æxe bagælsta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сын Хамица маленький Батраз вскочил на своего коня</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>little Batraz, son of Khæmyts, mounted his horse</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
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28</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Имена Батраза и его отца Хамица монгольского происхождения. Они
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служат свидетельством старых алано-монгольских связей, о которых хорошо известно
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как по историческим источникам (см. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>253 сл.</biblScope></bibl>), так и по другим следам в языке
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и фольклоре (см., например, слово <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ældar"/>
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‘князь’). Мы рассматриваем имя <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batraz</hi> как сложное из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">batyr</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">as</hi>, т. е.
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„богатырь асский (аланский)“. Для первой части ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e286" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e184" xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(<hi rendition="#rend_bold">и тюрк.</hi>) </note><w>batyr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e291" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e191" xml:lang="mn"><w>baatyr</w>
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<gloss><q>герой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e297" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e197" xml:lang="mn"><w/>
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<gloss><q>богатырь</q></gloss></mentioned>; для второй части см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Asy"/>. Все сложение находит полный pendant в
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e306" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e206" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>Os-baǧatari</w></mentioned> „богатырь осский“ (под этим именем известны в
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грузинской хронике <bibl><biblScope>"Kartlis Cxovreba''</biblScope></bibl>
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некоторые прославленные осетинские вожди). Для озвончения конечного <hi rendition="#rend_italic">s</hi> ср.
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsæz"/> ‘шесть’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_babyz"/> ‘утка’. Порядок частей в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batyr</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">as</hi> —
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инверсированный, как во многих других случаях (см. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>232 сл.</biblScope></bibl>). — Слово
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">batyr</hi>, широко распространенное у монгольских и тюркских народов, проникло
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также в некоторые другие языки; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e326" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e223" xml:lang="mns"><lang>вогул.</lang>
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<w>madur</w>
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<gloss><q>герой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e334" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e231" xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
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<w>bátor</w></mentioned> и др. Оно охотно вводится в состав собственных имен
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эпических и исторических героев как украшающий эпитет, например <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e339" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e236" xml:lang="kk"><lang/>
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<w>Bulat-Batyr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e344" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e241" xml:lang="mns" dialect="mns"><lang/>
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<w>Madur-Waza</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4540e246" xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(<hi rendition="#rend_bold">из венг.</hi>) </note><w>Stefan Batory</w></mentioned> и др. Ср. также популярное осетинское собственное
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имя <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batyrbeg</hi>. Другой вариант этого монголо-турецкого слова, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">baǧadyr</hi>,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">baǧatyr</hi>, также усвоен в осетинский; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæbatyr"/>. — Имя знаменитого Нарта, равно как некоторые
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былины из его цикла, известно также соседям осетин, кабардинцам, черкесам,
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ингушам: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e359" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e256" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>Batyrez</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e364" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e261" xml:lang="ady-x-abadz"><lang/>
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<w>Peterez</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e369" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e266" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>Pataraz</w></mentioned>. См. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Xæmyc"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЯМ"/><biblScope>V 68
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сл.</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Batraz and his father's names are of Mongolian origin. They
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serve as evidences of ancient Alan-Mongolian connections which are well known
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from the historical sources (see <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>253f.</biblScope></bibl>), and from other traces in the
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language and folk literature (see, for example, the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ældar"/> ‘prince’). We consider the name <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batraz</hi> as the
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composition of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">batyr</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">as</hi>, i.e. “hero of the Alans”. For the first part
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cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e184" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e286" xml:lang="mn" extralang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>batyr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e191" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e291" xml:lang="mn" extralang="trk"><w>baatyr</w>
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<gloss><q>hero</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e197" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e297" xml:lang="mn" extralang="trk"><w/>
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<gloss><q>bogatyr</q></gloss></mentioned>; as for the second part, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Asy"/>. The compound as a whole finds an exact
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counterpart in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e206" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e306" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>Os-baǧatari</w>
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<gloss><q>hero of the Os</q></gloss></mentioned> (some celebrated Ossetian
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leaders are known under this name in the chronicle <bibl><biblScope>“Kartlis
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Cxovreba”</biblScope></bibl>). For the voicing of the final <hi rendition="#rend_italic">s</hi> cf.
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsæz"/> ‘six’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_babyz"/> ‘duck’. The order of the parts in <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batyr</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">as</hi>
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is inversed, like in many other cases (see <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>232ff.</biblScope></bibl>). — The word
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">batyr</hi> which is widespread in Mongolian and Turkic languages was borrowed
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into some other languages as well; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e223" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e326" xml:lang="mns" dialect="mns"><lang/>
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<w>madur</w>
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<gloss><q>hero</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e231" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e334" xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
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<w>bátor</w></mentioned> etc. It is readily introduced into the composition
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of the proper names of epic and historical heroes as a decorating epithet, for
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example <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e236" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e339" xml:lang="kk"><lang/>
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<w>Bulat-Batyr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e241" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e344" xml:lang="mns" dialect="mns"><lang/>
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<w>Madur-Waza</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4540e349" xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(<hi rendition="#rend_bold">from Hungarian</hi>) </note><w>Stefan
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Batory</w></mentioned> etc. Cf. also a popular Ossetic name
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batyrbeg</hi>. Another variant of this Mongolian-Turkish word, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">baǧadyr</hi>,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">baǧatyr</hi>, is also borrowed in Ossetic; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæbatyr"/>. — Neighbours of the Ossetians also know the name
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of the famous Nart as well as some epic poems: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e256" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e359" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>Batyrez</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e261" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e364" xml:lang="ady-x-abadz"><lang/>
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<w>Peterez</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e266" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e369" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>Pataraz</w></mentioned>. See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Xæmyc"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЯМ"/><biblScope>V 68ff.</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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