Initial BaseX export
This commit is contained in:
parent
1e27533d8a
commit
ac71d54583
5854 changed files with 738487 additions and 0 deletions
273
entries/abaev_tūǵǵyn.xml
Normal file
273
entries/abaev_tūǵǵyn.xml
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
|
|||
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
||||
<teiHeader>
|
||||
<fileDesc>
|
||||
<titleStmt>
|
||||
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tūǵǵyn</hi></title>
|
||||
</titleStmt>
|
||||
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
|
||||
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
|
||||
<sourceDesc>
|
||||
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
|
||||
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
|
||||
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
|
||||
</sourceDesc>
|
||||
</fileDesc>
|
||||
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
||||
<tagsDecl>
|
||||
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
|
||||
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
|
||||
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
|
||||
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
|
||||
</tagsDecl>
|
||||
</encodingDesc>
|
||||
</teiHeader>
|
||||
<text>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<entry xml:id="entry_tūǵǵyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
|
||||
<form xml:id="form_d1091e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>tūǵǵyn</orth></form>
|
||||
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>toggin</orth></form>
|
||||
<sense xml:id="sense_d1091e69">
|
||||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||||
<q>кровник</q>
|
||||
</abv:tr>
|
||||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||||
<q>bloodine</q>
|
||||
</abv:tr>
|
||||
</sense>
|
||||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Кровная месть была в прошлом одним из нерушимых
|
||||
институтов обычного права осетин. В случае убийства на ближайших родственников убитого —
|
||||
брата, сына, отца, — а также на других его родичей возлагались право и обязанность
|
||||
осуществить кровную месть — <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_tūg">tūg</ref>
|
||||
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_īsyn">rajsyn</ref></phr>
|
||||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">взять кровь</q></gloss></mentioned>. Жертвой
|
||||
мстителя мог стать как сам убийца, так и любой из его родичей (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærvad"/>). В результате два рода становились друг для друга
|
||||
<oRef>tūǵǵyntæ</oRef>
|
||||
<q>кровниками</q> и их вражда, продолжаясь из поколения в поколение, могла привести к
|
||||
опустошению одного или обоих родов. <cit>
|
||||
<quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Никакие описания родовых междуусобий в песнях
|
||||
Эдды и Нибелунгах не в состоянии дать такого верного представления о... кровной
|
||||
мести, как сухой перечень фактов, делаемый протоколами медиаторского суда в Дигории
|
||||
или Алагире</q></quote>
|
||||
<bibl>(<author xml:lang="ru">М. Ковалевский</author>. <title xml:lang="ru">Современный
|
||||
обычай и древний закон, II</title>. <pubPlace xml:lang="ru">М.</pubPlace>,
|
||||
<date>1886</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 3</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">стр. 3</biblScope>)</bibl>
|
||||
</cit>. Фольклор, героический эпос, историко-героические песни, предания изобилуют
|
||||
сюжетами кровной мести. Месть героя Батраза за кровь отца — один из центральных эпизодов
|
||||
Нартовской эпопеи. Многолетняя вражда между нартовскими фамилиями <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Borætæ"><w>Borætæ</w></ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7Xsærtæg"><w>Æxsærtæggatæ</w></ref> также была следствием обычая кровной мести. Повинуясь этому
|
||||
неписаному закону и слыша постоянные призывы своей матери к мести, герой популярной поэмы
|
||||
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>Æfxærdty Xæsanæ</phr></mentioned> в жестокой схватке
|
||||
уничтожает девять представителей рода <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Muldartæ</w></mentioned>, один из которых убил его отца, когда <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Xæsanæ</w></mentioned> был еще ребенком. Иногда кровников удавалось
|
||||
примирить при посредничестве особо авторитетных и красноречивых стариков, с соблюдением
|
||||
особого ритуала и уплатой выкупа <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_tūg">tūǵy</ref>
|
||||
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_arǧ">arǧ</ref></phr>
|
||||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">цена крови</q></gloss></mentioned>. <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
|
||||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tūǵy arǧ wyd alyx˳yzon: fæste cæfæn fyldær,
|
||||
razæj cæfæn — kʼaddær</quote>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Цена крови была разная: за удар или выстрел
|
||||
сзади — больше, за удар или выстрел спереди — меньше</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Цена крови была разная: за удар или выстрел
|
||||
сзади — больше, за удар или выстрел спереди — меньше</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из этнографических
|
||||
материалов Е. <name>Бараковой</name></biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">из
|
||||
этнографических материалов Е. <name>Бараковой</name></biblScope></bibl>
|
||||
</example>. Денежный выкуп достигал <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>æstdæs æstdæs
|
||||
tumany</phr>
|
||||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">восемнадцать раз восемнадцать
|
||||
червонцев</q></gloss></mentioned>. О непомерно высокой цене и по сей день говорят:
|
||||
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>tūǵi arǧ</phr>
|
||||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">цена крови</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
|
||||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. Blood feud was in the past one of the inviolable
|
||||
institutions of Ossetian customary law. In case of a murder, the closest relatives of the
|
||||
murdered person (brother, son, father as well as his other relatives) were given the right
|
||||
and duty to carry out blood feuds, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_tūg">tūg</ref>
|
||||
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_īsyn">rajsyn</ref></phr>
|
||||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">take blood</q></gloss></mentioned>. The victim
|
||||
of the avenger could be both the killer himself and any of his relatives. (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærvad"/>). As a result, the two clans became <oRef>tūǵǵyntæ</oRef>
|
||||
<q>blood enemies</q> for each other, and their enmity, continuing from generation to
|
||||
generation, could lead to the devastation of one or both clans. <cit>
|
||||
<quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">No descriptions of tribal civil strife in the
|
||||
songs from Edda and the Nibelungs are able to give such a true picture of... blood
|
||||
feud like a dry list of facts made by the protocols of the mediator court in Digoria
|
||||
or Alagir</q></quote>
|
||||
<bibl>(<author xml:lang="en">M. Kovalevskij</author>. <title xml:lang="en">Sovremennyj
|
||||
obyčaj i drevnij zakon</title> [Modern custom and ancient law], II. <pubPlace xml:lang="ru">Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1886</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр.
|
||||
3</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">p. 3</biblScope>)</bibl>
|
||||
</cit>. Folklore, heroic epic, historic songs about heroes, legends abound with plots of
|
||||
blood feud. The revenge of the hero Batraz for the blood of his father is one of the
|
||||
central episodes of the Nart epic. Long-term enmity between the Nart surnames <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Borætæ"><w>Borætæ</w></ref> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7Xsærtæg"><w>Æxsærtæggatæ</w></ref> was also a consequence of the custom
|
||||
of blood feud. Obeying this unwritten law and hearing his motherʼs constant calls for
|
||||
revenge, the hero of the popular poem <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>Æfxærdty
|
||||
Xæsanæ</phr></mentioned> destroys n a fierce battle nine representatives of the genus
|
||||
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Muldartæ</w></mentioned>, one of whom killed his father when
|
||||
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Xæsanæ</w></mentioned> was still a child. Sometimes it was
|
||||
possible to reconcile the blood enemies through the mediation of especially authoritative
|
||||
and eloquent old men, with the observance of a special ritual and the payment of a ransom
|
||||
called <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_tūg">tūǵy</ref>
|
||||
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_arǧ">arǧ</ref></phr>
|
||||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">price of blood</q></gloss></mentioned>.
|
||||
<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
|
||||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tūǵy arǧ wyd alyx˳yzon: fæste cæfæn fyldær,
|
||||
razæj cæfæn — kʼaddær</quote>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Цена крови была разная: за удар или выстрел
|
||||
сзади — больше, за удар или выстрел спереди — меньше</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">The price of blood was different: for a blow or
|
||||
shot from behind it was higher, for a blow or shot from the front it was lower</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из этнографических
|
||||
материалов Е. <name>Бараковой</name></biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from
|
||||
ethnographic materials of E. <name>Barakova</name></biblScope></bibl>
|
||||
</example>. The cash ransom could reach <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>æstdæs æstdæs
|
||||
tumany</phr>
|
||||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">eighteen times eighteen gold
|
||||
pieces</q></gloss></mentioned>. Until now, exorbitant prices are called <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>tūǵi arǧ</phr>
|
||||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">price of blood</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
|
||||
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
|
||||
<example>
|
||||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>tūǵǵyn</oRef> yn festadtæn
|
||||
q˳wamæ</quote>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я, должно быть, стал для него кровником</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I must have become his bloodline</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
||||
<biblScope>97</biblScope></bibl>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
<example>
|
||||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Girgoly <oRef>tūǵǵyntæ</oRef> dywwadæsæj jæ
|
||||
razmæ babadtysty</quote>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кровники Джиргола в количестве двенадцати
|
||||
засели в засаде впереди него</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Jirgolʼs bloodlines in the amount of twelve sat
|
||||
in ambush in front of him</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
||||
<biblScope>32</biblScope></bibl>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
<example>
|
||||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tulatæ wydysty ragon <oRef>tūǵǵyn</oRef>
|
||||
Sawatæj</quote>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(род) Тулаевых был давно кровником (рода)
|
||||
Саваевых</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tulaevs (family) was long a blood enemy of
|
||||
Savaevs (family)</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
||||
<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
<example>
|
||||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>tūǵǵyny</oRef> zærdæ jæm
|
||||
badardton</quote>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я стал испытывать к нему чувства (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">сердце</q>) кровника</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I started to have feelings (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">heart</q>) of a bloodline for him</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (он стал мне
|
||||
ненавистен)</note>
|
||||
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (he became
|
||||
hateful to me)</note>
|
||||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
||||
<biblScope>122</biblScope></bibl>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
<example>
|
||||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tutyry ærtæ bony... <oRef>tūǵǵyn</oRef> īw
|
||||
<oRef>tūǵǵyny</oRef> farsmæ dær ysbadtaid</quote>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в три дня (праздника) Тутыра (даже) кровник мог
|
||||
сесть рядом с кровником</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on three days of the (feast of) Tutyr (even) a
|
||||
bloodline could sit next to his blood-line</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
|
||||
<biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
<example>
|
||||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bega... jæ <oRef>tūǵǵyny</oRef> fædyl næ xæst
|
||||
kodta</quote>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Бега не мог напасть на след своего кровника</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bega couldnʼt get on the trail of his
|
||||
bloodline</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
|
||||
<biblScope>186</biblScope></bibl>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
<example>
|
||||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fīdydy tyxxæj īw ḱyzg radtoj, kæmæj
|
||||
<oRef>fætūǵǵyn</oRef> sty ūmæn; ūj x˳ydtoj <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">cyty
|
||||
ḱyzg</q></quote>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ради примирения отдавали девушку тому, с кем
|
||||
стали кровниками; она называлась <q>девушка чести</q></q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">for the sake of reconciliation, they gave a
|
||||
girl to the one with whom they became bloodlines; she was called <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">girl of honour</q></q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
|
||||
<biblScope>III 170</biblScope></bibl>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">duwwæ <oRef>toggin</oRef> muggagi bafedawun
|
||||
kænunmæ (Digori) alkedær agurdta Kʼornati Begaj</quote>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">для примирения двух фамилий-кровников (в
|
||||
Дигории) каждый искал (в качестве посредника) Корнаева Бега</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">for the reconciliation of two bloodline
|
||||
surnames (in Digoria), everyone was looking for Kornaev Beg (as an intermediary)</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
|
||||
<biblScope>1949 II 27</biblScope></bibl>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">eci ʒamani, mæ xortæ, togi ǧuddag karz ævard
|
||||
adtæj iron adæmmæ; <oRef>toggini</oRef> rastæj, xæramæj næ farstoncæ; æ arǧ ba wæzzaw
|
||||
æma zin bafedæn adtæj</quote>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в то время, мои солнышки, дело крови (кровной
|
||||
мести) было поставлено у осетин очень жестко (строго); кровника не спрашивали, прав
|
||||
он или виноват; цена же ее (крови) была тяжелая и трудная для уплаты</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">at that time, my suns, the matter of blood
|
||||
(blood feud) was very tough (strict) among the Ossetians; they didnʼt ask the
|
||||
bloodline whether he was right or wrong; the price of its (blood) was heavy and
|
||||
difficult to pay</q>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
|
||||
<biblScope>1956 VI 55</biblScope></bibl>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
</exampleGrp>
|
||||
<etym xml:lang="ru">Производное от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tūg"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">tūg</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">tog</w></ref> с помощью форманта
|
||||
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-gyn</m> | <m>-gin</m></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
|
||||
<biblScope>§ 182</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
|
||||
<etym xml:lang="en">Derived from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tūg"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">tūg</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">tog</w></ref> using the formant <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-gyn</m> | <m>-gin</m></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
|
||||
<biblScope>§ 182</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
|
||||
</entry>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</text>
|
||||
</TEI>
|
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue