abaev-xml/entries/abaev_æfsūrǧ_2.xml
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>æfsūrǧ_2</w></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<entry xml:id="entry_æfsūrǧ_2" n="2" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240130T161455+0300" comment="checked"?>
<form xml:id="form_d2988e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>æfsūrǧ</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
<form xml:id="form_d2988e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æfsurq</orth></form>
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">. В наших материалах записаны следующие значения
для этого относительно редкого в употреблении слова: </note>
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">. Our materials fix the following meanings for
this relatively rarely used word: </note>
<sense n="1" xml:id="sense_æfsūrǧ_2.1">
<def xml:lang="ru">эвфемизм для воды</def>
<def xml:lang="en">euphemism for water</def>
</sense>
<sense n="2" xml:id="sense_æfsūrǧ_2.2">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>вода, прибавляемая к <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>kʼumæl</w>
(<gloss>бузе</gloss>)</mentioned></q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>water added to <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>kʼumæl</w> (<gloss>fermented
drink</gloss>)</mentioned></q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense n="3" xml:id="sense_æfsūrǧ_2.3">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>раствор золы при изготовлении мыла (= <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>fænykdon</w></mentioned>)</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>ash solution used when making soap (= <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>fænykdon</w></mentioned>)</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense n="4" xml:id="sense_æfsūrǧ_2.4">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>первый фильтрат при варке пива</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>first filtrate when brewing beer</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Слово мы делим на <w>æf</w> + <w>sur-ǧ</w>, где <w>æf</w> (из <w type="rec">af</w>) — старое иранское название воды (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e167" xml:id="mentioned_d2988e111" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w>āp-</w></mentioned>), не сохранившееся самостоятельно (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_don_1"><w>don</w>
<gloss><q>вода</q></gloss></ref>), но удержавшееся в таких словах, как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_avg"><w>avg</w>
<gloss><q>стекло</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxsærʒæn"><w>æxsærʒæn</w>
<gloss><q>водопад</q></gloss></ref>. Вторая часть, <w>sur</w> = <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e178" xml:id="mentioned_d2988e122" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w>sūra-</w></mentioned>, ср. <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e184" xml:id="mentioned_d2988e128" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>sū̌ra-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e189" xml:id="mentioned_d2988e133" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>ṡūra-</w>
</mentioned><gloss><q>крепкий</q></gloss></mentioned>; <m>ǧ</m>
суффиксальное (из <m>-ga</m>). Стало быть, <oRef>æfsurǧ</oRef><gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">крепкая вода</q></gloss> (ср. для
семантики русск. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e197" xml:id="mentioned_d2988e141" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>вода</w></mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e205" xml:id="mentioned_d2988e146" xml:lang="ru"><w>водка</w></mentioned>). В
Авесте <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e213" xml:id="mentioned_d2988e151" xml:lang="ae"><w>sūra</w>
<gloss><q>крепкий</q></gloss></mentioned> употребляется между прочим как
эпитет <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><gloss>священного алкогольного напитка</gloss>
<w>haoma</w></mentioned>. Ср. (для <w>æf-</w>) <ref type="xr" target="#entry_avg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxsærʒæn"/>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">We divide the word into <w>æf</w> + <w>sur-ǧ</w>, where
<w>æf</w> (from <w type="rec">af</w>) is an old Iranian word for water
(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e167" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w>āp-</w></mentioned>), unpreserved on its own (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_don_1"><w>don</w>
<gloss><q>water</q></gloss></ref>), but preserved in words like <ref type="xr" target="#entry_avg"><w>avg</w>
<gloss><q>glass</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxsærʒæn"><w>æxsærʒæn</w>
<gloss><q>waterfall</q></gloss></ref>. The second part, <w>sur</w> =
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e122" xml:id="mentioned_d2988e178" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w>sūra-</w></mentioned>, cf. <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e128" xml:id="mentioned_d2988e184" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>sū̌ra-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e133" xml:id="mentioned_d2988e189" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>ṡūra-</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>strong</q></gloss></mentioned>; <m>ǧ</m> is a suffix (from
<m>-ga</m>). Therefore, <oRef>æfsurǧ</oRef> is <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">strong water</q></gloss> (for semantics,
cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e141" xml:id="mentioned_d2988e197" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>voda</w>
<gloss><q>water</q></gloss></mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e146" xml:id="mentioned_d2988e205" xml:lang="ru"><w>vodka</w></mentioned>). In the Avesta, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2988e151" xml:id="mentioned_d2988e213" xml:lang="ae"><w>sūra</w>
<gloss><q>strong</q></gloss></mentioned> is used, among other things, as an
epithet of the <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><gloss>sacred alcoholic drink</gloss>
<w>haoma</w></mentioned>. Cf. (for <w>æf-</w>) <ref type="xr" target="#entry_avg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxsærʒæn"/>.</etym>
</entry>
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