168 lines
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15 KiB
XML
168 lines
No EOL
15 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>æmbaj</w></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_æmbaj" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240208T184257+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d4957e66" type="lemma"><orth>æmbaj</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4957e69" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4957e72">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сверстник</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>peer</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4957e81">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ровесник</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>age-mate</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4957e91">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4957e93">
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<quote>ūj me <oRef>’mbaj</oRef> ū</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>он мой сверстник</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he is my peer</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4957e108">
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<quote><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240208T182044+0300" comment="NB: интересная конструкция"?>cæj
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līʒæn ma væjjy<?oxy_comment_end ?> babajy <oRef>æmbajæn</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>где уж бежать тому, кто (достиг) возраста дедушки</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240208T182420+0300" comment="my bad attempt at capturing the topicality of the initial construction. a more precise translation would be "can one of a grandfather's age run?' but this sounds awkward"?>what
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running is there to speak of<?oxy_comment_end ?> for one of a
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grandfather’s age</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
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<biblScope>143</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e242" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e130" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ham-āyu</w>
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<gloss><q>ровесник</q></gloss></mentioned>. В первой части — <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><gloss>префикс</gloss>
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<m>ham-</m></mentioned> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æm-" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>æm</w></ref>, во второй — <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>āyu-</w>
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<gloss><q>возраст</q></gloss></mentioned>, ср. <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e257" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e145" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>āyu-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e262" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e150" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ayu</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>возраст</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e271" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e159" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">āy</w> (<w>ʼ’yh</w>) <gloss><q>âge</q>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Gauthiot</author></bibl>)</note></gloss>, <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">désigne une certaine période de
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temps, mais le sens précis manque еnсоrе</q>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">II 177,
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прим.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e287" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e175" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>āy-</w>
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<gloss><q>жизнь</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._Khwar."/>
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<biblScope>6</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Сюда же,
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возможно, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e299" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e187" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
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<w>īmbaī</w>
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<gloss><q>друзья</q></gloss></mentioned> (если из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ham-pāyu-</w></mentioned>, а не <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ham-pāθya-</w></mentioned>, как предполагает
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<bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author>: <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL">IIFL</ref>
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<biblScope>I 387</biblScope></bibl>). Раздвоение <c>m</c> → <c>mb</c> (<w type="rec">æmaj</w> → <oRef>æmbaj</oRef>) такого же порядка, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼambec"><w>kʼambec</w>
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<gloss><q>буйвол</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e314" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e202" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>kameči</w></mentioned>)</note></ref> или в <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e319" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e207" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>chamber</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e324" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e212" xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<w>chambre</w></mentioned>
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<note type="comment">(из <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>camera</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. В данном случае
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раздвоению <c>m</c> → <c>mb</c> содействовало несомненно также стремление
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привести слоговую границу в соответствие с этимологическим сознанием, которое не
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могло мириться со слоговым делением <w>æ-maj</w>.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="1">Этой же причиной вызывается, по нашему мнению, удвоение
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конечных согласных при наращении суффиксов <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-ag</m></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-оn</m></mentioned>: <w>qæd-ag</w>
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><gloss><q>лесной</q></gloss> становится
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<w>qæd-d-ag</w></mentioned>, чтобы избежать слогового деления
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<w>qæ-dag</w>.</note> Промежуточной формой была, вероятно, <w type="rec">æmmaj</w>; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmbūxyn"/> из <w>æm-mūxyn</w>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmbūlyn"/> из <w>æm-mūlyn</w>. H. W.
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<name>Bailey</name> дает неточное значение <gloss><q>companion</q></gloss> и
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ошибочно возводит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hambāvya</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica">Asica</ref>
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<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>). — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmgar"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kar"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_caqq"/>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e130" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e242" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ham-āyu</w>
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<gloss><q>peer</q></gloss></mentioned>. The first part contains the
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><gloss>prefix</gloss>
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<m>ham-</m></mentioned> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æm-" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>æm</w></ref>, the second one has <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>āyu-</w>
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<gloss><q>age</q></gloss></mentioned>, cf. <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e145" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e257" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>āyu-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e150" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e262" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ayu</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>age</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e271" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">āy</w> (<w>ʼ’yh</w>) <gloss><q>âge</q>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Gauthiot</author></bibl>)</note></gloss>, <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">désigne une certaine période de
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temps, mais le sens précis manque еnсоrе</q>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">II 177,
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fn.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e175" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e287" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>āy-</w>
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<gloss><q>life</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._Khwar."/>
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<biblScope>6</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Possibly
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e187" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e299" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
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<w>īmbaī</w>
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<gloss><q>friends</q></gloss></mentioned> is related (if it is from
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ham-pāyu-</w></mentioned> and not
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from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ham-pāθya-</w></mentioned>, as
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assumed by <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
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<biblScope>I 387</biblScope></bibl>). The <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240208T183926+0300" comment="? I do not know an exact term"?>bifurcation<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<c>m</c> → <c>mb</c> (<w type="rec">æmaj</w> → <w>æmbaj</w>) is the same as in
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼambec"><w>kʼambec</w>
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<gloss><q>buffalo</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e202" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e314" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>kameči</w></mentioned>)</note></ref> or in <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e207" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e319" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>chamber</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4957e212" xml:id="mentioned_d4957e324" xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<w>chambre</w></mentioned>
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<note type="comment">(from <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>camera</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. In this case, the
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change <c>m</c> → <c>mb</c> was undoubtedly facilitated by the desire to bring
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the syllable boundary in alignment with the
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240208T184034+0300" comment="I would reformulate it as "with the morphological structure of the word", but this is slightly different from Abaev's take"?>etymological
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understanding of the word<?oxy_comment_end ?>, which could not put up with the
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syllabic division <w>æ-maj</w>.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="1">In our
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opinion, the same reason causes doubling of final consonants preceding the
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suffixes <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-ag</m></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-оn</m></mentioned>: <w>qæd-ag</w>
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<gloss><q>of the forest</q></gloss> becomes <w>qæd-d-ag</w>, in order to
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avoid the syllabic division <w>qæ-dag</w>.</note> The intermediate form was
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probably <w type="rec">æmmaj</w>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmbūxyn"/>
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from <w>æm-mūxyn</w>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmbūlyn"/> from
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<w>æm-mūlyn</w>. H. W. <name>Bailey</name> inaccurately gives the meaning
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<gloss><q>companion</q></gloss> and mistakenly traces the word back to
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hambāvya</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica">Asica</ref>
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<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>). — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmgar"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kar"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_caqq"/>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |