311 lines
No EOL
20 KiB
XML
311 lines
No EOL
20 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆxsævær</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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||
<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_7xsævær" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d5548e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆxsævær</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æxsævær</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5548e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ужин</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>supper</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xsævæjrag</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">провизия на ужин</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">provisions for supper</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xsæværafon</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">время ужина</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">supper time</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ sīxor, je <oRef>xsævær</oRef> — jæ
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mæt</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">его забота — его обед, его ужин</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his concern is his lunch, his supper</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>216</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">badync ærtæ fyjjawy arty farsmæ, sæxīcæn
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<oRef>æxsævær</oRef> kænync</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сидят три пастуха у костра, готовят себе
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ужин</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">three shepherds are sitting by the fire,
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preparing supper for themselves</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>225</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sīxor kænæ <oRef>xsævær</oRef> k˳y kænaj, wæd
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ma xon dæ lymænty...</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда делаешь обед или ужин, не зови друзей
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твоих...</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not
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thy friends...</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Лука"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">14</hi> 12</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>æxsævær</oRef> ærægmæ baxærʒynæ, ūmæj
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xor fyldær næ læwwy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от того, что позже поужинаешь, хлеба не
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сохранится больше</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from the fact that you dine later, there will
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not be preserved more bread </q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">пословица</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">proverb</biblScope>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 239</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">argævstoj fys, skodtoj fīzonǵytæ, ysfyxtoj
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fyd, aftæmæj yscættæ kodtoj <oRef>æxsævær</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">зарезали овцу, приготовили шашлык, сварили мясо
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и таким образом справили ужин</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they slaughtered a sheep, fied a kebab, cooked
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meat and thus prepared a dinner</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 48—50</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>æxsævæjrag</oRef> sæ kʼūxy næ
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baftydī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">им не удалось раздобыть (<q>не попало в
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руки</q>) провизии на ужин</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they failed to get (<q>did not fall into their
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hands</q>) provisions for supper</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 14</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īw xæʒary dwar <oRef>æxsæværafon</oRef>
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baxostam</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в пору ужина мы постучали в одну дверь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">at supper time we knocked on one door</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>218</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>æxsæværafon</oRef> k˳y
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ʽrcydi...</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда наступило время ужина...</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">at supper time...</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Лука"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">14</hi> 17</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fæcæl kodtoj styr <oRef>fæsaxsæværmæ</oRef>
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dywwy xælary</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">угощались до поздней послеужинной поры два
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приятеля</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">two friends were treated until late after
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supper</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>fæsaxsæværtæm</oRef> sæxīmæ
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balæwwyd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ко времени после ужина он явился к себе
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(домой)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">by the time after supper he came to his
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(home)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1975 VIII 18</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>æxsævær</oRef> ku baxwæraj, wæd mæmæ
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raco</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда поужинаешь, выйди ко мне</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">after you have had your supper, come to me</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
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<biblScope>27<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">2</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ravgarstoncæ <oRef>mærdæxsæværæn</oRef>
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gal</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на поминальный ужин зарезали быка</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a bull was slaughtered for a funeral feast</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1949 II 44</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ʒubandi radarǧ æj,
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<oRef>fæsæxsæværtæmæ</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">беседа затянулась до послеужинной поры</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the conversation dragged on until late after
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supper</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1949 II 30</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Разумеется, неотделимо от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsæv"><w>xsæv</w>
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<gloss><q>ночь</q></gloss></ref>. Но имеем ли дериват или сложное слово? К последней
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точке зрения склоняется <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Hübschmann</hi>. Он допускает, что
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<oRef>xsævær</oRef> получилось из <w type="rec">xsæv-xær</w>
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ночная еда</q> (<c>xær</c> — от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæryn_1"><w>xæryn</w>
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<gloss><q>есть</q></gloss></ref>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
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<biblScope>1887 XLI 342</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. по образованию <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Nachtessen</w></mentioned>. Верно, что суффикс <c>-ær</c> в осетинском не
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распознается. Но в индоиранском отыменные образования на <c>-ra-</c> многочисленны
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(<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>madhura-</w>
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<gloss><q>сладкий</q></gloss></mentioned> от <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>madhu-</w>
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<gloss><q>мед</q></gloss></mentioned>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Wackernagel-Debrunner"/><biblScope>II <hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi>
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855 sq.</biblScope></bibl>), и допущение <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">xsäpara-</w></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>šūper</w>, <w>šoper</w>
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<gloss><q>ночлег</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lorimer"/>
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<biblScope>237</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Исключено возведение
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<oRef>xsævær</oRef> к <mentioned xml:lang="ae">иран. (авест.) <w>xšapar-</w>
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<gloss><q>ночь</q></gloss></mentioned>: основы на согласный утрачивали в осетинском
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конечный слог, как это видно, в частности, в терминах родства: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mad"/> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>mātar-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd_1"/> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>pitur-</w></mentioned>
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и т. п. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>šām</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>šām</w>, <w>xšam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>xṣ̌ema</w>
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<gloss><q>ужин</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>šuma</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>xšōm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">xšām</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>xšʼm xwryy</w>
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<gloss><q>ужин</q></gloss></mentioned>) возводятся к <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>xšāfnya-</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><author>Tedesco</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZII"/><biblScope>1923 II 41</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. —
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Из осетинского идут <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>šxuur</w>, <w>šxuur</w>, <w>əšxour</w>
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<gloss><q>ужин</q></gloss></mentioned> и, может быть, <mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"><lang/>
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<w>samxari</w></mentioned> id. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Макалатия"/>
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<biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl> (метатеза из <w type="rec">xsamari</w>).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Of course, it is inseparable from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsæv"><w>xsæv</w>
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<gloss><q>night</q></gloss></ref>. But is it a derived or compound word? It is <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Hübschmann</hi> who leans towards the latter point of view.
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He admits that <oRef>xsævær</oRef> came out of <w type="rec">xsæv-xær</w>
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">night meal</q> (<c>xær</c> is from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæryn_1"><w>xæryn</w>
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<gloss><q>eat</q></gloss></ref>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
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<biblScope>1887 XLI 342</biblScope></bibl>). Derivationally, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Nachtessen</w></mentioned>. It is true that the suffix <c>-ær</c> is not recognized
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in Ossetic. But in Indo-Iranian, denominal derivations with <c>-ra-</c> are numerous
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(<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>madhura-</w>
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<gloss><q>sweet</q></gloss></mentioned> from <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>madhu-</w>
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<gloss><q>honey</q></gloss></mentioned>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Wackernagel-Debrunner"/>
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<biblScope>II <hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi> 855 ff.</biblScope></bibl>), and
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assumption of <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">xsäpara-</w></mentioned> is not too bold. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>šūper</w>, <w>šoper</w>
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<gloss><q>overnight stay</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lorimer"/>
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<biblScope>237</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Tracing back
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<oRef>xsævær</oRef> to <mentioned xml:lang="ae">Iran. (Avest.) <w>xšapar-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>night</q></gloss></mentioned> is excluded: consonant-final stems lost the
|
||
final syllable in Ossetic, as can be seen, in particular, in terms of kinship: : <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mad"/> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>mātar-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd_1"/> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>pitur-</w></mentioned> etc. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>šām</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
||
<w>šām</w>, <w>xšam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xṣ̌ema</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>supper</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
||
<w>šuma</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xšōm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">xšām</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>xšʼm xwryy</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>supper</q></gloss></mentioned>) are traced back to <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xšāfnya-</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><author>Tedesco</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZII"/><biblScope>1923 II 41</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. —
|
||
Ossetic gave rise to <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
|
||
<w>šxuur</w>, <w>šxuur</w>, <w>əšxour</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>supper</q></gloss></mentioned> and, perhaps, <mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"><lang/>
|
||
<w>samxari</w></mentioned> id. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Макалатия"/>
|
||
<biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl> (metathesis from <w type="rec">xsamari</w>).</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |