290 lines
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19 KiB
XML
290 lines
No EOL
19 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆxsajyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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||
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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||
<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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||
</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_7xsajyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="russian-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d3179e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆxsajyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>ᵆxsajd</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æxsajun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>æxsajd</orth></form></form>
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<re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">в сочетании с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærdæ"><w>zærdæ</w>
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<gloss><q>сердце</q></gloss></ref>: </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> in combination with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærdæ"><w>zærdæ</w>
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<gloss><q>heart</q></gloss></ref>: </note>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>mæ zærdæ xsajy</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я беспокоюсь, с тревогой, подозрением,
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опасением думаю о ком-либо, о чем-либо</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I worry, I think about someone, about something
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with anxiety, suspicion, apprehension</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>zærdæxsajgæ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">внушающий опасения</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">misgiving</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ma <oRef>xsajæd</oRef> ūmæ æppyndær dæ
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zærdæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нисколько о нем не беспокойся</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">donʼt worry about him at all</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>143</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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||
<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">abonæj fæstæmæ nal <oRef>æxsajʒænīs</oRef> mæ
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zærdæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с этого дня я уже не буду тревожиться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">From this day on, I wonʼt worry anymore</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>227</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mænmæ dæ zærdæ ma <oRef>xsajæd</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">обо мне не беспокойся</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">donʼt worry about me</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1975 VIII 19</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qazijyl sæ zærdæ <oRef>xsajdta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они подозревали Кази (в убийстве)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they suspected Qazi (of murder)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Leksojæn jæ zærdæ <oRef>xsajdta</oRef> ærmæst
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acy qæwyl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Лексо подозревал (в убийстве) только этот
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аул</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Lekso suspected only this village (of the
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murder) </q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
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<biblScope>190</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ zærdæ dæwmæ <oRef>xsajy</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я беспокоюсь о тебе</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I am worried about you</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>41</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xæston lægæn fæstæmæ jæ zærdæ k˳y
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<oRef>xsaja</oRef>, wæd je xsar sædgæ kæny</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда мысли (<q>сердце</q>) воина устремлены
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назад (к дому), его доблесть бывает надломлена</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when warriorʼs thoughts (<q>heart</q>) are
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directed back (towards the house), his prowess is broken</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>118</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aka ʽmæ Begajæn sæ zærdæ
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<oRef>xsajdta</oRef>, k˳yd wyʒysty se ʽmbælttæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ака и Бега беспокоились, что станет с их
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товарищами</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aka and Bega were worried about what would
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become of their comrades</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
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<biblScope>108</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūsmæ jæ zærdæ <oRef>xsajyn</oRef>
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bajdydta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он начал подозревать жену (в измене)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he began to suspect his wife (of treason)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 99</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ zærdæ ma <oRef>fexsajæd</oRef>, me
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ʽrdxward ængaræ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не тревожься, мой присяжный друг</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">donʼt worry, my sworn friend</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">В одном тексте
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глагол отмечен без <w>zærdæ</w> в значении <q>желать (кому-либо чего-либо)</q>: </note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">In one text, the
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verb was attested without <w>zærdæ</w> in the meaning <q>wish (someone something)</q>: </note>
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sag sæ xecaw æn æd šiwtæ max
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<oRef>æxsajæn</oRef> cawænæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">хозяину (дома) мы желаем (добыть) на охоте
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рогатого оленя</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">we wish the owner (of the house) (to get) a
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horned deer on the hunt</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">новогоднее
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пожелание</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">a new year wish</biblScope>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Wadž."/>
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<biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Человек с давних пор ассоциирует свои эмоции с <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">сердцем</q> и <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">горением</q>. Ср. у <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Пушкина</hi>: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">И сердце вновь горит...</q>. <q>Беспокойство</q> также
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могло пониматься как <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">горение сердца</q>. Но если так, то
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<oRef>xsajyn</oRef> неотделимо от <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>kṣāy-</w>, <w>kṣāyati</w>
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<gloss><q>гореть</q></gloss></mentioned>. На иранской почве ср. (с другим эмоциональным
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оттенком) <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">xšāy-</w>
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<gloss><q>жаловаться</q></gloss></mentioned> в <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>xšywn</w>,
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<w>’γšʼywn</w>
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<gloss><q>жалоба</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
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<biblScope>§ 1084</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._VJ"/>
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<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>xšī</w>
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<gloss><q>плакать</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
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<biblScope>II 269</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa" extralang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>šēwan</w>
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<gloss><q>плач</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>рыдание</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>стенание</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
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<w>a.ršaδ</w>
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<gloss><q>pity</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>mercy</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xmn"><lang/>
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<w>axšād</w>
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<gloss><q>troubled</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>distressed</q></gloss><note type="bibl">
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
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<biblScope>IXa 19</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — В. В. Мартынов сближает
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ос. <oRef>xsajyn</oRef> со <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w>xajati</w>
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<gloss><q>заботиться</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>беспокоиться</q></gloss></mentioned>, ср.
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<mentioned xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
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<w>нехай</w>
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<gloss><q>не беспокойся</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><title xml:lang="ru">Славянская и
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индоевропейская аккомодация</title>. <pubPlace xml:lang="ru">Минск</pubPlace>,
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<date>1968</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 139—140</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">стр. 139—140</biblScope></bibl>). Об <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>xšī-</w>
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<gloss><q>жалоба</q></gloss> (?) см.: <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Kellens"/>
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<biblScope>377—378</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>. — О <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>kṣiṃj-</w>
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<gloss><q>сильно желать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>тосковать</q></gloss> см.: <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
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<biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>. — Понятия <q>гореть</q> и
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<q>светить</q> весьма близки. Поэтому по корню сюда же следует отнести <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsīd"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xsīd</w>
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<w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xsed</w>
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<gloss><q>заря</q></gloss></ref>, q. v.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Humans have long associated their emotions with <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">heart</q> and <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">burning</q>. Cf. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Pushkin</hi>: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">And the heart burns again...</q>. <q>Anxiety</q> could
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also be understood as<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">burning of heart</q>. But if so,
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then <oRef>xsajyn</oRef> is inseparable from <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>kṣāy-</w>, <w>kṣāyati</w>
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<gloss><q>burn</q></gloss></mentioned>. On Iranian ground, cf. (with a different
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emotional connotation) <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">xšāy-</w>
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<gloss><q>complain</q></gloss></mentioned> in <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>xšywn</w>,
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<w>’γšʼywn</w>
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<gloss><q>complaint</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
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<biblScope>§ 1084</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._VJ"/>
|
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<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>xšī</w>
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<gloss><q>cry</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
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<biblScope>II 269</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa" extralang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>šēwan</w>
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<gloss><q>crying</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>sobbing</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>groaning</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
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<w>a.ršaδ</w>
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<gloss><q>pity</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>mercy</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xmn"><lang/>
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<w>axšād</w>
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<gloss><q>troubled</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>distressed</q></gloss><note type="bibl">
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
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<biblScope>IXa 19</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — V. V. Martynov brings
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Ossetic <oRef>xsajyn</oRef> close to <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w>xajati</w>
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<gloss><q>take care</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>worry</q></gloss></mentioned>, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
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<w>nexaj</w>
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<gloss><q>donʼt worry</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><title xml:lang="en">Slavjanskaja I
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indoevropejskaja akkomodacija [Slavic and Indo-European accommodation]</title>.
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<pubPlace xml:lang="en">Minsk</pubPlace>, <date>1968</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 139—140</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">p. 139—140</biblScope></bibl>). On
|
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<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
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<w>xšī-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>complaint</q></gloss> (?), see: <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Kellens"/>
|
||
<biblScope>377—378</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>. — On <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
||
<w>kṣiṃj-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>long for sth.</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>yearn</q></gloss>, see: <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
|
||
<biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>. — The notions <q>burn</q> and
|
||
<q>shine</q> are very close. Therefore, the root <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsīd"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xsīd</w>
|
||
<w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xsed</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>dawn</q></gloss></ref>, q. v., should also be related here.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |