209 lines
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14 KiB
XML
209 lines
No EOL
14 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆxsnyf</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_7xsnyf" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1236e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆxsnyf</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æxsnirf</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1236e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>щепка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>shiver</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">syxag ūs æxsnyfy wælæ zyngtæ felvæsta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">соседка набрала на щепу огня</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">neighbor got fire on wood chips</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
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<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ʒakko īw
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sta<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230330T194443+0300" comment="плохо пропечатана буква"?>r<?oxy_comment_end ?>d
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qīl æxsnyftæ gængæ axasta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Дзакко понес большую дубину, обращая ее в
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щепья</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230609T165701+0300" comment="?"?>Ʒ<?oxy_comment_end ?>akko
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carried a large club, turning it into chips</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 243</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">arxajy mæg˳yræg, fælæ jæ bon lenk kænyn næw,
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don æj æxsnyfaw skʼæfy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">старается бедняга (выплыть), но плавать не в
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силах, (и) река увлекает его, как щепку</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the poor fellow is trying (to swim out), but he
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is unable to swim, (and) the river carries him away like a chip</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1959 III 70</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">artag sæm æxsnyf dær nal wyd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">топлива (дров) у них не осталось ни щепки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they did not have a sliver left for fuel</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">færætty kʼūppytæ nal æncajync, ūrs æxsnyftæ
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gælæbūtaw fæjnærdæm tæxync</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не смолкает стук топоров, белые щепья
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разлетаются во все стороны, как бабочки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the sound of axes does not stop, white chips
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scatter in all directions, like butterflies</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>I 17</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Употребительно
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выражение <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tūg æxsnyfæj nwazyn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пить (чью-либо) кровь <oRef>æxsnyfæj</oRef>
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(<q>щепкой</q>??)</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> в смысле
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<q>люто ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> в смысле
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<q>люто ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пить (чью-либо) кровь <oRef>æxsnyfæj</oRef>
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(<q>щепкой</q>??)</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment"> в смысле <q>люто
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ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> и др.</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> и др.</note>
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</example>. Здесь <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">щепка</q> не дает разумного смысла.
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Может быть, <oRef>xsnyfæj</oRef> вместо <w type="rec">xsnysæj</w>, ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>xšnuš</w>
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<gloss><q>доставляющий удовольствие</q></gloss></mentioned>. В этом случае приведенное
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выражение означало бы собственно <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">пить (чью-либо) кровь
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с удовольствием</q>.</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="footnote">A common
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expression <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tūg æxsnyfæj nwazyn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пить (чью-либо) кровь <oRef>æxsnyfæj</oRef>
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(<q>щепкой</q>??)</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> в смысле
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<q>люто ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> в смысле
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<q>люто ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">drink (someoneʼs) blood <oRef>æxsnyfæj</oRef>
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(<q>with a shiver</q>??)</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment"> in the meaning <q>to hate
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(someone)</q></note>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> и др.</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> etc.</note>
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</example>. Here <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">shiver</q> does not make any sense.
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May be, <oRef>xsnyfæj</oRef> instead of <w type="rec">xsnysæj</w>, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>xšnuš</w>
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<gloss><q>giving pleasure</q></gloss></mentioned>. In this case, the above expression
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would actually mean <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">drink (someoneʼs) blood with
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pleasure</q>.</note>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Связано c <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn"><w>xsnīwyn</w>
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<gloss><q>тесать</q></gloss></ref> и содержит базу <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skeip-</w>, <w type="rec">skip-</w>
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<gloss><q>тесать</q>, <q>щепить</q></gloss> и т. п.</mentioned> со вставочным <c>-n-</c>
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(<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sknip-</w></mentioned>). Более архаичная
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дигорская форма <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æxsnirf</oRef> закономерно возводится к
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<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skif-ra-</w></mentioned>. Ср.
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230330T200016+0300" comment="??"?><mentioned><lang>cреднеангл.</lang>
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<w>scifra</w>
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<gloss><q>щепка</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>shiver</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>scivaro</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>щепка</q>, <q>обломок</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">Мы были
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неправы (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>222</biblScope></bibl>), оспаривая возможность развития <c>sk</c> →
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<c>xs</c> в осетинском, которое допускал <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG">ZDMG </ref>
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<date>1951</date>
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<biblScope> CI 216</biblScope>)</bibl>. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn" xml:lang="os"><lang>Ос.</lang>
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<w>xsnīwyn</w></ref>, <oRef>xsnyf</oRef> подтверждают, что такое развитие было
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возможно. Ср. еще <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsitt"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼot"/>
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<gloss><q>свист</q></gloss>; обратное развитие: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>likṣa-</w></mentioned> — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyskʼ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>lyskʼ</w>
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<w>гнида</w></ref>.</note> Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn" xml:lang="os"><w>xsnīwyn</w></ref>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Connected with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn"><w>xsnīwyn</w>
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<gloss><q>hew</q></gloss></ref> and contains a stem <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skeip-</w>, <w type="rec">skip-</w>
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<gloss><q>hew</q>, <q>splinter</q></gloss> etc.</mentioned> with an inserted <c>-n-</c>
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(<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sknip-</w></mentioned>). A more archaic Digor
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form <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æxsnirf</oRef> regularly goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skif-ra-</w></mentioned>. Cf.
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230330T200016+0300" comment="??"?><mentioned><lang>Middle
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English</lang>
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<w>scifra</w>
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<gloss><q>shiver</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>shiver</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>scivaro</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>shiver</q>, <q>chip</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">We were
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wrong (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>222</biblScope></bibl>), challenging the development of <c>sk</c> →
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<c>xs</c> in Ossetic, allowed by <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG">ZDMG </ref>
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<date>1951</date>
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<biblScope> CI 216</biblScope>)</bibl>. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn" xml:lang="os"><lang>Ossetic</lang>
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<w>xsnīwyn</w></ref>, <oRef>xsnyf</oRef> confirm that such a development was possible.
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Cf. also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsitt"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼot"/>
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<gloss><q>whistle</q></gloss>; reverse development: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>likṣa-</w></mentioned> — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyskʼ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>lyskʼ</w>
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<w>nit</w></ref>.</note> Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn" xml:lang="os"><w>xsnīwyn</w></ref>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |