463 lines
No EOL
35 KiB
XML
463 lines
No EOL
35 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nyxas</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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||
<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_nyxas" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d4336e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>nyxas</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d4336e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>nixas</orth><form xml:id="form_d4336e71" type="variant"><orth>nixæs</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4336e74" n="1"><sense xml:id="sense_d4336e75"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>слово</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>word</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4336e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>речь</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>speech</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4336e94" n="2"><sense xml:id="sense_d4336e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>разговор</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>talk</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4336e104"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>беседа</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>conversation</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; д. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒubandi"/> id.; </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; Digor <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒubandi"/> id.; </note>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4336e125" n="3"><sense xml:id="sense_d4336e126"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>собрание мужчин аула для беседы, обсуждения текущих дел</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>meeting of the aul men for conversation, discussion of current affairs</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4336e135"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>место (площадь), где обычно собираются для беседы мужчины</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>place (square) where men usually gather for conversation</q>
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</abv:tr><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">нихас</q>)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes"><ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><w>nyxas</w></ref></q>)</note></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d4336e156">
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">в эпосе встречается упоминание об особом помещении для
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нихаса — </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">in the epic a special room for <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><w>nyxas</w></ref> is
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mentioned — </note>
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<form xml:id="form_d4336e167" type="lemma"><orth>nixasdon</orth></form>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d4336e171">
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<form xml:id="form_d4336e173" type="lemma"><orth>nyxas kænyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d4336e175" type="variant"><orth>nyxæstæ
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kænyn</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4336e178"><sense xml:id="sense_d4336e179"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">говорить</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">talk</q>
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</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4336e190"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>разговаривать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>speak</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4336e199"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>беседовать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>have a conversation</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d4336e210" n="1">
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<example xml:id="example_d4336e212">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">warzon <oRef>nyxæstæ</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">слова любви</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">words of love</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>19, 224</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4336e236">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæng <oRef>nyxas</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лживое слово</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">false word</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ложь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">lies</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4336e267">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zondǵyn <oRef>nyxas</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">умное слово</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">big words</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>222</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4336e291">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tæxudy, jæ ʒyllæjy raz ḱī rakæny barǵyn
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<oRef>nyxas</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">счастлив, кто перед своим обществом выступает с
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авторитетной речью</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">who makes an authoritative speech in front of
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his society is happy</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>22</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4336e315">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">rūvas jæ <oRef>nyxas</oRef> næma
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fæcī…</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лиса не закончила еще свою речь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the fox hasnʼt finished her speech yet</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4336e341">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īwnæg <oRef>nyxasæn</oRef> nyn ʒwapp
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radd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">дай нам ответ на единственное слово</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">give us an answer to a single word</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>140</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4336e366">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>nyxas</oRef> sæ nīkæj gyxæj
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xawy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ни из чьих уст не выпадает ни слова</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">not a word comes out of anyoneʼs mouth</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>49</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4336e390">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fændyry <oRef>nyxas</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">звуки (<q>слова</q>) фандыра</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sounds (<q>words</q>) of fandyr</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>I 73</biblScope></bibl>
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||
</example>
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||
</exampleGrp>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d4336e419" n="2">
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<example xml:id="example_d4336e421">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æǧdawmæ gæsgæ <oRef>anyxæstæ</oRef> kodtoj,
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karæʒījy afarstoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">согласно обычаю они побеседовали, порасспросили
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друг друга</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">according to the custom, they talked,
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questioned each other</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>28</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4336e446">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bīræ <oRef>fænyxas</oRef> kodtoj, fælæ nīcy
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tærxon raxastoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">много беседовали, но не вынесли никакого
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решения</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">talked a lot, but did not make any decision</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d4336e468" n="3">
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<example xml:id="example_d4336e470">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Narty qæw <oRef>nyxasy</oRef>
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badtysty</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нартовское селение сидело на нихасе</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Nart village sat at the <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><w>nyxas</w></ref></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>124</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4336e497">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">særdæj, zymægæj… <oRef>nyxasy</oRef> bady
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zærond Q˳ybady</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">летом и зимой сидит на нихасе старый Кубады</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in summer and in winter, old Qubady sits at the
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><w>nyxas</w></ref></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>47</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4336e524">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">farn wæ <oRef>nyxasy</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">фарн да будет на вашем нихасе</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let the <ref type="xr" target="#entry_farn"><w>farn</w></ref> be on your <oRef>nyxas</oRef></q>
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</tr>
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||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope>the usual greeting with which each
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newcomer addresses the participants of the <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><w>nyxas</w></ref> and to which he is answered:
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||
<phr>færnæjʒag ū</phr>
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">be full of <ref type="xr" target="#entry_farn"><w>farn</w></ref></q></biblScope>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>19</biblScope>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl><bibl>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>95</biblScope></bibl></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d4336e574" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zaǧta jyn <oRef>nyxasy</oRef> xīstær
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læg…</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сказал ему старший из мужчин нихаса</q>
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||
</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the eldest man of the <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><w>nyxas</w></ref> said to him</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>144</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
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||
<example xml:id="example_d4336e605" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ew kæmi adtæj omi nærton zærond Uruzmæg Narti
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<oRef>nixasi</oRef> ewnægæj dorbæl cæwræxcæ kodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">однажды нартовский старый Урузмаг дремал один
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на камне на нартовском нихасе</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">once the old Nart Uruzmag was dozing alone on
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the stone of the Nart <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><w>nyxas</w></ref></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>428</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d4336e636" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Oræzmæg… Narti <oRef>nixæsi</oRef>
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<note type="comment"><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220627T124853+0300" comment="Можно ли как-то убрать выделение курсивом?"?>(sic!)<?oxy_comment_end ?></note>
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fudironxgænæn dori særbæl æxe niddælgommæ kænidæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Оразмаг лежал навзничь на камне забвения
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нартовского нихаса</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Orazmag was lying on the stone of oblivion of
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the Nart <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><w>nyxas</w></ref></q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 12</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d4336e671" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæn rarvistoncæ <oRef>nixæsi</oRef>
|
||
adæm</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">меня послали люди нихаса</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I was sent by the people of the <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><w>nyxas</w></ref></q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
|
||
<biblScope>87</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d4336e701" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>nixæsi</oRef> zærændtæ sæ ʒubandi
|
||
niwwaʒioncæ</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">старики нихаса прекращали свой разговор</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the old men of the <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><w>nyxas</w></ref> stopped their
|
||
conversation</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
|
||
<biblScope>117</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d4336e731" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xor caldæn fækkæsuj, wædmæ ægust adæn
|
||
<oRef>nixæsmæ</oRef> racæwuncæ</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пока смотрит солнце, не занятые работой люди
|
||
выходят на нихас</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">while the sun is shining, people who are not
|
||
busy with work go out to the <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><w>nyxas</w></ref></q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/>
|
||
<biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d4336e761">
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Nartæ īwmæjag <oRef>nyxasdon</oRef> xæʒar
|
||
saræztoj</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нарты построили общественный дом для нихаса</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">The Narts built a public house for <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><w>nyxas</w></ref></q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="en">from the folklore
|
||
archive of the North Ossetian scientific research institute</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</exampleGrp>
|
||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <w>Narty Nyxas</w>
|
||
<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Нартовский Нихас </q> — площадь в сел. Лац в
|
||
Куртатинском ущелье, где, по преданию, восседали Нарты.</note>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <w>Narty Nyxas</w>
|
||
<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Nartovsky Nykhas</q> — area in the village Lats in
|
||
Kurtatin Canyon, where, according to legend, the Narts were sitting</note>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1091" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e806" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ni-kāśa-</w></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1095" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e810" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>kaś-</w> (<w>kāśate</w>, <w>čaṣṭe</w>) медиально <gloss><q>являться</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>сиять</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>смотреть</q></gloss>, в каузативе
|
||
<gloss><q>показывать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>делать явным</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>известным</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>объявлять</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>сообщать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>возвещать</q></gloss>
|
||
(<w>pra-kāś</w>)</mentioned>. Ос. <oRef>nyxas</oRef> примыкает к каузативным формам и
|
||
значениям индоевропейской базы <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1138" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e853" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w type="rec">k˳eḱ-</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
|
||
<biblScope>638</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; ср. также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1149" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e864" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
||
<w>čāšītan</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>учить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1158" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e873" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>čašte</w>, <w>čašaite</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>учит</q></gloss></mentioned>. Развитие значения <q>делать явным</q>,
|
||
<q>показывать</q> → <q>говорить</q> наглядно видно в славянском: с одной стороны,
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1174" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e889" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>по-казать</w></mentioned>, с другой — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1179" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e894" xml:lang="ru"><w>с-казать</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1183" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e898" xml:lang="ru"><w>рас-с-казать</w></mentioned>,
|
||
в диалектах <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1186" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e901" xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><w>казать</w> означает и
|
||
<gloss><q>показывать</q></gloss> и <gloss><q>говорить</q></gloss><note type="bibl">
|
||
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 73</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1202" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e917" xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
|
||
<w>казаты</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>показывать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>говорить</q></gloss></mentioned>. Выделяемая
|
||
в славянском основа <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1213" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e928" xml:lang="sla"><w>kaz-</w>
|
||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1218" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e933" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
||
<w>k˳eǵ-</w></mentioned>)</note> представляет вариацию <w>kas-</w> (<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1228" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e943" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
||
<w>k˳eḱ-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. Ср. также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1234" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e949" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
||
<w>dis-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>показывать</q></gloss></mentioned> (ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævdīsyn"><w>æv-dīsyn</w></ref>) при <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1246" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e961" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
||
<w>dīcō</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>говорю</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Для семантической связи речь, собрание,
|
||
место собраний ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1254" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e969" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>αγορά</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>собрание</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>речь на собрании</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>место
|
||
собраний</q></gloss></mentioned>. Медиальное значение <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1268" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e983" xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">kaś-</w></mentioned> представлено в ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæsyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fælgæsyn"><w>fælgæsyn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>смотреть</q></gloss></ref>. — Ос. <oRef>nyxas</oRef> вошло в некоторые
|
||
соседние языки: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1285" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1000" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
|
||
<w>nәɣәš</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>место в ауле, где собираются старики на совет</q></gloss><note type="bibl">
|
||
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>280</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; в топонимике — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1300" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1015" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Rәdar-nәɣәš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1303" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1018" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Arvәdor-nәɣәš</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>285</biblScope></bibl>; <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1311" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1026" xml:lang="ka-x-rachian"><lang/>
|
||
<w>naxšoba</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>разговор</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>беседа</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1322" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1037" xml:lang="ka-x-rachian"><w>sanaxšo</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>место в селении, где мужчины собираются на беседу</q></gloss><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._диал._I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>687</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; звуковое развитие
|
||
<w>nyxas</w> → <w type="rec">nxas</w> → <w type="rec">naxš</w>. Ср. также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1344" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1059" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xasä</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>совет</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>совещание</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1355" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1070" xml:lang="kbd"><w>Nart xasä</w></mentioned> = ос. <oRef>Narty nyxas</oRef>; здесь
|
||
придется допустить одно из двух: либо начальное <c xml:lang="os-x-iron">ny-</c>
|
||
<c xml:lang="os-x-digor">ni-</c> утрачено на кабардинской почве, либо кабардинский
|
||
сохранил форму без приставки <c xml:lang="os-x-iron">ny-</c>
|
||
<c xml:lang="os-x-digor">ni-</c>, которая, возможно, бытовала в осетинском в
|
||
прошлом.</etym>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e806" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1091" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ni-kāśa-</w></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e810" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1095" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>kaś-</w> (<w>kāśate</w>, <w>čaṣṭe</w>) middle <gloss><q>appear</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>shine</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>watch</q></gloss>, causative
|
||
<gloss><q>show</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>make clear</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>make
|
||
known</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>announce</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>inform</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>proclaim</q></gloss> (<w>pra-kāś</w>)</mentioned>. Ossetic
|
||
<oRef>nyxas</oRef> is close to the causative forms and meanings of the Indo-European
|
||
base <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e853" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1138" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w type="rec">k˳eḱ-</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
|
||
<biblScope>638</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e864" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1149" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
||
<w>čāšītan</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>teach</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e873" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1158" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>čašte</w>, <w>čašaite</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>teaches</q></gloss></mentioned>. Development of the meaning <q>make clear</q>,
|
||
<q>show</q> → <q>speak</q> is clearly seen in Slavic: on the one hand, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e889" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1174" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>po-kazatʼ</w></mentioned>, on the other hand, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e894" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1179" xml:lang="ru"><w>s-kazatʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e898" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1183" xml:lang="ru"><w>ras-s-kazatʼ</w></mentioned>, in dialects <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e901" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1186" xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><w>kazatʼ</w> means both <gloss><q>show</q></gloss> and
|
||
<gloss><q>speak</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 73</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e917" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1202" xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
|
||
<w>kazaty</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>show</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>speak</q></gloss></mentioned>. The distinguished
|
||
Slavic stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e928" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1213" xml:lang="sla"><w>kaz-</w>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e933" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1218" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
||
<w>k˳eǵ-</w></mentioned>)</note> is a variation of <w>kas-</w>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e943" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1228" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
||
<w>k˳eḱ-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. See also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e949" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1234" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
||
<w>dis-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>show</q></gloss></mentioned> (Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævdīsyn"><w>æv-dīsyn</w></ref>) along with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e961" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1246" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
||
<w>dīcō</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>I speak</q></gloss></mentioned>. — For semantic relation of the speech,
|
||
meetings, and meeting places cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e969" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1254" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>αγορά</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>meeting</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>speech at the meeting</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>meeting place</q></gloss></mentioned>. The middle voice meaning <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e983" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1268" xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">kaś-</w></mentioned> is represented in Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæsyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fælgæsyn"><w>fælgæsyn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>look</q></gloss></ref>. — Ossetic <oRef>nyxas</oRef> was loaned into some
|
||
neighboring languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1000" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1285" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
|
||
<w>nәɣәš</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>place in the aul where the old people gather for councils</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>280</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; in toponymy, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1015" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1300" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Rәdar-nәɣәš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1018" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1303" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Arvәdor-nәɣәš</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>285</biblScope></bibl>; <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1026" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1311" xml:lang="ka-x-rachian"><lang/>
|
||
<w>naxšoba</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>talk</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>conversation</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1037" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1322" xml:lang="ka-x-rachian"><w>sanaxšo</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>place in the village where the men gather to talk</q></gloss><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._диал._I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>687</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; the sound development
|
||
<w>nyxas</w> → <w type="rec">nxas</w> → <w type="rec">naxš</w>. See also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1059" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1344" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xasä</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>council</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>meeting</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4336e1070" xml:id="mentioned_d4336e1355" xml:lang="kbd"><w>Nart xasä</w></mentioned> = Ossetic <oRef>Narty nyxas</oRef>; one of
|
||
the two things should be allowed here: either the initial <c xml:lang="os-x-iron">ny-</c>
|
||
<c xml:lang="os-x-digor">ni-</c> was lost in Kabardian, or Kabardian retained the form
|
||
without the prefix <c xml:lang="os-x-iron">ny-</c>
|
||
<c xml:lang="os-x-digor">ni-</c>, which may have existed in Ossetic in the past.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |