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244 lines
No EOL
15 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">q˳yrmæ</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_q0yrmæ" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d4417e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>q˳yrmæ</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d4417e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>qurmæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4417e72">
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">в иронском сочетании с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kænyn"/> означает </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">in Iron expression with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kænyn"/> means </note>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4417e81">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>донимать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bother</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4417e90">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>не давать покоя</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>haunt</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4417e99">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мучить</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>torture</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4417e109">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мучиться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>suffer</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4417e119">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>беспокоиться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>worry</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d4417e130">
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<form xml:id="form_d4417e132" type="lemma"><orth>q˳yrmæ mæ skodta</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4417e135">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4417e136">
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">довел меня до крайности</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">pushed me over the edge</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4417e147">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>замучил</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>tortured</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <lang>д.</lang>
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<oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">qurmæ</oRef> самостоятельно означает <q>беспокойство</q>,
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<q>тоска</q>, <q>огорчение</q>, <q>замешательство</q>; в этом же значении употребляется
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производное <w>qurmæʒīnadæ</w></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <lang>Digor</lang>
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<oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">qurmæ</oRef> independently means <q>anxiety</q>,
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<q>longing</q>, <q>chagrin</q>, <q>confusion</q>; the derivative <w>qurmæʒīnadæ</w> is
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used in the same meaning</note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d4417e195">
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<example xml:id="example_d4417e197">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">q˳yrmæ jæ skodta jæ xæsty fædyl fydwag
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zærond</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бедовый старик пристал к нему с ножом к горлу,
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(требуя) свои долги</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a troubled old man stuck to him with a knife to
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his throat, (demanding) his debts</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>79</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4417e220">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(dywwæ myggagæj) qæwbæstæ nal færæztoj,
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q˳yrmæ systy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">односельчане были замучены (двумя фамилиями),
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дошли до крайности</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the villagers were tortured (by two families),
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were pushed over the edge</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>164</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4417e243">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xæjræg q˳yrmæ kænyn bajdydta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">черт стал беспокоиться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the devil began to worry</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 90</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4417e266" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fusun min mæ qurmæmæ ku ʽrkastæj, wæd zaǧta:
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cæmæn qurmæ kænis?</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда хозяин увидел мое смятение, то сказал:
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почему ты беспокоишься?</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when the owner saw my confusion, he said: why
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are you worried?</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
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<biblScope>35<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4417e295" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ fur qurmæj æ zærdæ ixaldæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от огорчения у нее разрывалось сердце</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">her heart was breaking with grief</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
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<biblScope>12<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">8—9</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4417e325" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">de ʽvzong od ma ʽvgærdæ, ma kænæ
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qurmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не мучай свою юную душу, не огорчайся</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">do not torment your young soul, do not be
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upset</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4417e351" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">lædærun din dæ qurmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я понимаю твою печаль</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I understand your sadness</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">там же,</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">ibid.</note></ref>
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<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4417e381" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ qurmitæ nin padcaxbæl isæmbælun
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kænæd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть он доведет до сведения царя наши тяготы
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(заботы, огорчения)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let him bring our hardships (worries, sorrows)
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to the attention of the king</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from the archive of G. Kokiev</bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">В сочетании <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4417e482" xml:id="mentioned_d4417e408" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<phr><oRef>q˳yrmæ</oRef>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kænyn"/></phr></mentioned> слово <oRef>q˳yrmæ</oRef>
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понимается как направительный падеж от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0yr"><w>q˳yr</w>
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<q>горло</q></ref> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">доводить до горла</q> = <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">до крайности</q>). Однако дигорское употребление не
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поддерживает такое понимание: здесь <oRef>qurmæ</oRef> форма имен. падежа, основа —
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<w>qurm-</w>, от которой могут быть образованы любые другие падежи, а также мн. ч.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4417e508" xml:id="mentioned_d4417e434" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>qurmitæ</w></mentioned>. Поэтому следует этимологически
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отделить <oRef>q˳yrmæ</oRef> от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0yr"><w>q˳yr</w>
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<q>горло</q></ref> и скорее связать его с элементом <w>q˳yr-</w> в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0yrdūxæn"><w>q˳yrdūxæn</w>
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<q>мученье</q></ref>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4417e526" xml:id="mentioned_d4417e452" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">gurma-</w></mentioned> от
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4417e530" xml:id="mentioned_d4417e456" xml:lang="ira"><w>gur-</w></mentioned>, как, скажем, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4417e533" xml:id="mentioned_d4417e459" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w>žurba</w> от <w>žuriti</w>
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<gloss><q>печалить</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4417e543" xml:id="mentioned_d4417e469" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<phr>gurm čajg</phr>
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<gloss><q>скучать</q>, <q>тосковать</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">In the expression <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4417e408" xml:id="mentioned_d4417e482" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<phr><oRef>q˳yrmæ</oRef>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kænyn"/></phr></mentioned> the word <oRef>q˳yrmæ</oRef>
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is understood as the illative case form of <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0yr"><w>q˳yr</w>
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<q>throat</q></ref> (<q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">push over the throat</q> = <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">over the edge</q>). However, Digor usage does not support
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such an understanding: here <oRef>qurmæ</oRef> is a nominative case form, the stem —
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<w>qurm-</w>, from which any other cases can be formed, as well as pl. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4417e434" xml:id="mentioned_d4417e508" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>qurmitæ</w></mentioned>. Therefore, one should separate etymologically
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<oRef>q˳yrmæ</oRef> from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0yr"><w>q˳yr</w>
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<q>throat</q></ref> and rather connect it with an element <w>q˳yr-</w> in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0yrdūxæn"><w>q˳yrdūxæn</w>
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<q>torment</q></ref>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4417e452" xml:id="mentioned_d4417e526" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">gurma-</w></mentioned> from
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4417e456" xml:id="mentioned_d4417e530" xml:lang="ira"><w>gur-</w></mentioned>, as in, for example, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4417e459" xml:id="mentioned_d4417e533" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w>žurba</w> from <w>žuriti</w>
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<gloss><q>sadden</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4417e469" xml:id="mentioned_d4417e543" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<phr>gurm čajg</phr>
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<gloss><q>miss</q>, <q>yearn</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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||
</text>
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</TEI> |