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239 lines
No EOL
20 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qabaq</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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||
</fileDesc>
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||
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
||
<tagsDecl>
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||
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_qabaq" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d2210e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>qabaq</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d2210e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>qabaǧ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2210e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мишень</q>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (при стрельбе в цель, обычно в честь
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покойника)</note>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>target</q>
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<note type="comment"> (when shooting at a target, usually in honour of the
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deceased)</note>
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</abv:tr><sense xml:id="sense_d2210e87">, <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>обычай стрельбы в цель в честь покойника с призами для лучших стрелков</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the custom of shooting at a target in honour of the deceased with prizes for the
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best shooters</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2210e98">
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||
<example xml:id="example_d2210e100">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qabaqqæn dæ æræværænt</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть тебя поставят мишенью в стрельбе</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let them make you a target in shooting</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20220719T112607+0300" comment="NB"?>curse<?oxy_comment_end ?></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2210e123" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Kænti xistitæ, qabæǧtæ, doǧtæ kud
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nʼadtajdæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у Кантов, конечно, бывали поминки, стрельба в
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цель и скачки (в честь покойника)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">The Kants, of course, had a wake, target
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shooting and horse racing (in honour of the deceased)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 44</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220304T190605+0300" comment="см. перевод из 1 тома, слово ælæm"?>
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<example xml:id="example_d2210e151">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæd īw, mæ xūrtæ, wældaj kad ḱī kodta jæ
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mardæn, ūj īw aræzta dūǧtæ, qabaqqytæ, ælæmtæ æmæ bīræ cydærtæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">тогда, мои солнышки, кто (хотел) особенно
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почтить своего покойника, тот устраивал скачки, стрельбу в цель, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælæm"><foreign>аламы</foreign></ref> и много чего</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">then, my little suns, who especially wanted to
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honour his deceased, he arranged races, shooting at the target, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælæm"><w>ælæm</w>s</ref> and more</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>148</biblScope></bibl>
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</example><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<example xml:id="example_d2210e182">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ægær dard sæværdtoj qabaq Slantæ, cæst dær
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ræstmæ næ axsta qabaqqy som</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">слишком далеко установили Слановы мишень, глаз
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как следует не улавливал рублевую монету, (служившую) мишенью</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Slanovs set the target too far away, the
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eye did not properly catch the ruble coin, (which served) as a target</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>153</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2210e206" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qabaǧ saʒun</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">устанавливать <oRef>qabaǧ</oRef></q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">arrange <oRef>qabaǧ</oRef></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>7</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2210e234" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">duwwæ ærvadi… ali anz saʒioncæ avd ǧæwemæn
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qabaǧ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">два брата устраивали каждый год для семи аулов
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<oRef>qabaǧ</oRef> (т. е. высокий шест с мишенью для
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стрельбы)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">two brothers arrange <oRef>qabaǧ</oRef> (a high pole with a target for shooting)
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for seven villages every year</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>30, 140<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">59</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Скачки (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dūǧ"/>) и
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стрельба в цель (<oRef/>) составляли у осетин необходимую часть погребальных игр в честь
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покойников мужского пола (см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Юго_Осетия"/>
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<biblScope>221</biblScope></bibl>); <oRef/> мог устраиваться и независимо от поминок,
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как спортивная игра (<bibl><author>Гагиев</author>. <title>Осетинские национальные
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игры</title>. <pubPlace>Орджоникидзе</pubPlace>, <biblScope>1958, стр.
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23</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. Horse races (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dūǧ"/>)
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and shooting at a target (<oRef/>) were a necessary part of Ossetic funeral games in
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honour of the deceased male (see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Юго_Осетия"/>
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<biblScope>221</biblScope></bibl>); <oRef/> it could be arranged independently of the
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wake, as a sports game (<bibl><author>Gagiev</author>. <title>Osetinskie nacionalʼnye
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igry</title> [Ossetian national games]. <biblScope>Ordzhonikidze, 1958, p.
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23</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e488" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e315" xml:lang="chg"><lang>тюрк. (джагат.)</lang>
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<w>qabaq</w>
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<gloss><q>мишень</q>, <q>цель</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов">Радлов</ref>
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<biblScope>II 436</biblScope></bibl>.— <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Menges">Menges. Das Čaγatajische.</ref><biblScope>1956, стр.
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103</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Идентично с
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220305T101522+0300" comment="тюрк?"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e520" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e340" xml:lang="trk"><w>qabaq</w>
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<gloss><q>тыква</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> (ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e527" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e347" xml:lang="ru"><lang>русск.</lang>
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<w>кабачок</w></mentioned>), так как часто мишенью при стрельбе служила тыква. Отмечено
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и в <hi rendition="#rend_bold">персидском</hi>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e536" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e356" xml:lang="fa"><w>qabāq</w> или
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<w>qabaq</w>
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<gloss><q>pertica alta in media palaestra erecta, cujus extremae parti anulus aureus vel
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argenteus affigitur, ut sit scopus sagittariorum</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vullers"/>
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<biblScope>II 710</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">высокий шест,
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установленный на площади для игр, на конце которого укреплено золотое или серебряное
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кольцо, служащее мишенью для стрелков</q>)</note></mentioned>; см. подробнее:
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Doerfer"/>
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<biblScope>III 412—414</biblScope></bibl>. — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e563" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e383" xml:lang="tg-x-dial"><lang/>
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<w>qabaq</w>
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<gloss><q>стрельба в цель в честь рождения ребенка, обрезания и т. п.</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<bibl><author><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Розенфельд</hi></author>. <author>Ванджские говоры таджикского языка</author>.
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<biblScope>Л., 1964, стр. 108</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Вошло также
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в <hi rendition="#rend_bold">грузинский</hi>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e586" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e406" xml:lang="ka"><w>qabaxi</w>
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<gloss><q>мачта, на верху которой лежит шар, как цель для выстрела</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Чубинов"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e598" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e418" xml:lang="ka-x-pshav"><lang>(пшав.)</lang>
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<w>qabaxi</w>, <w>ǧabaxi</w>
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<gloss><q>мишень</q>, <q>расписанная доска с прикрепленной мишенью</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">[<bibl><author><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Важа
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Пшавела</hi></author>. <title>Этнографические сочинения</title>. <biblScope>(На
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груз. яз.). 1937, стр. 27</biblScope></bibl>]</note></mentioned>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Недавно в одном из горных селений Грузии мне пришлось
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наблюдать необычные состязания. Игра называлась «кабахи» — всадник, вооруженный луком
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и стрелой, на полном скаку поражал цель, установленную на высоком шесте</q>
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(<bibl><title>Известия</title>, <biblScope>10 января 1969
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г.</biblScope></bibl>).</note> Сюда и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e636" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e453" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>qäbaq</w>: <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Большой популярностью пользовался
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традиционный праздник <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e636" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e461" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>qäbaq</w></mentioned>… Главным
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развлечением здесь была стрельба в цель, для которой собственно и воздвигался сам
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e644" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e466" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>qäbaq</w></mentioned> — высокая мачта со множеством
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подвешенных на ней вещей. Сбитая вещь отдавалась меткому стрелку. Обычно <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e649" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e471" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>qäbaq</w></mentioned> устраивался весной, после окончания
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пахоты</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>История Кабарды</title>
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<biblScope>М., 1957, 97</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">From <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e315" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e488" xml:lang="chg"><?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220509T195033+0300" comment="NB" id="a5s_fpj_f5b" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220717T022214+0300" parentID="a5s_fpj_f5b" comment="он чагат., а тюркский можно буковками написать" flag="done" mid="4"?><lang>Turkic
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(Chagatai)</lang><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="4"?>
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<w>qabaq</w>
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<gloss><q>target</q>, <q>aim</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>II 436</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Menges</hi></author>. <title>Das
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Čaγatajische</title>. <biblScope>1956, p.
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103</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. It is identical to
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220305T101522+0300" comment="тюрк?"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e340" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e520" xml:lang="trk"><w>qabaq</w>
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<gloss><q>pumpkin</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> (cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e347" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e527" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>kabačok</w></mentioned>), since pumpkin was often the target when shooting. The word
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is attested in <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Persian</hi>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e356" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e536" xml:lang="fa"><w>qabāq</w> or <w>qabaq</w>
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<gloss><q>pertica alta in media palaestra erecta, cujus extremae parti anulus aureus vel
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argenteus affigitur, ut sit scopus sagittariorum</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vullers"/>
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<biblScope>II 710</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">a high pole
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mounted on the square for the games, at the end of which a gold or silver ring is
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attached, serving as a target for shooters</q>)</note></mentioned>; for the further
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information see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Doerfer"/>
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<biblScope>III 412—414</biblScope></bibl>. — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e383" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e563" xml:lang="tg-x-dial"><lang/>
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<w>qabaq</w>
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<gloss><q>shooting at a target in honour of the birth of a child, circumcision,
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etc.</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<bibl><author><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Rosenfeld</hi></author>. <title>Vanj dialects of the Tajik language</title>.
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<biblScope>L., 1964, p. 108</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. The word was
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also borrowed in <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Georgian</hi>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e406" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e586" xml:lang="ka"><w>qabaxi</w>
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<gloss><q>a mast with a ball on top of it as a target for a shot</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Чубинов"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e418" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e598" xml:lang="ka-x-pshav"><lang/>
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<w>qabaxi</w>, <w>ǧabaxi</w>
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<gloss><q>target</q>, <q>painted board with attached target</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">[<bibl><author><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Vazha
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Pshavela</hi></author>. <title>Ethnographic writings</title>. <biblScope>(In
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Georgian.) 1937, p. 27</biblScope></bibl>]</note></mentioned>.<note type="footnote"><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Recently, in one of the mountain
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villages of Georgia, I had to observe unusual competitions. The game was called
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<q>kabahi</q> — a rider armed with a bow and arrow, at full gallop hit a target
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mounted on a high pole</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Известия">Izvestija, </ref>
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<biblScope>10 January 1969.</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e453" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e636" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>qäbaq</w> is also here: <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">The traditional <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e453" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e644" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>qäbaq</w></mentioned> holiday was very popular… The main
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entertainment here was shooting at the target, for which the <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e461" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e649" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
|
||
<w>qäbaq</w></mentioned> itself was actually erected — a high mast
|
||
with a lot of things suspended on it. The downed thing was given to the marksman.
|
||
Usually <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2210e466" xml:id="mentioned_d2210e654" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/> <w>qäbaq</w></mentioned> was arranged in the spring, after
|
||
the end of plowing</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>Istorija Kabardy</title> [History of Kabarda].
|
||
<biblScope>M., 1957, p. 97</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |