196 lines
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15 KiB
XML
196 lines
No EOL
15 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qamyl</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_qamyl" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1949e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>qamyl</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1949e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>qamil</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1949e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d1949e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>камыш</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>reed</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1949e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>бурьян</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>weeds</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d1949e92">
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<example xml:id="example_d1949e94">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nælx˳y agæpp lasta æma alyǧdī qamylmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кабан отпрыгнул и убежал в камыши</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the boar jumped back and ran into the reeds</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАС"/>
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<biblScope>I 107</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1949e117">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fesæft qamyly æxxormag synt</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">исчез в камышах голодный ворон</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a hungry raven disappeared into the reeds</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хазби"/>
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<biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1949e140" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xuskʼdæ qamilti fæste adtæj arf qum</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">за сухими камышами был глубокий омут</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there was a deep pool behind the dry reeds</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Тайм._Ӕмдз."/>
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<biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1949e166" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">buduri qamil afonæbæl kæʒosgond ne
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ʽrcudæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">поле не было своевременно очищено от
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бурьяна</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the field was not cleared of weeds in time</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
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<biblScope>256<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1949e195">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qæbær tæssag bunati æncæ nartixwari xumtæ
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qamil kærdægi buni fesæfunæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в весьма угрожающем положении находятся
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кукурузные поля, (они могут) погибнуть под сорняками</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cornfields are in a very threatening situation,
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(they can) die under weeds</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
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<biblScope>282<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">2</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1949e222">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæǧtæ qamilti issæncæ sinʒsær</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у коз, (пасущихся) в бурьяне, головы покрылись
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репейником</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the goats (grazing) in the weeds, their heads
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were covered with burdock</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazb."/>
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<biblScope>7</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e411" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e248" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>qaməl</w>
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<gloss><q>стебли</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>II 485</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e425" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e262" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>qaməl</w>
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<gloss><q>камыш</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e433" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e270" xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
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<w>qaməla</w>
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<gloss><q>тростник</q>, <q>стебель</q>, <q>свирель</q>, <q>флейта</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vogt"/>
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<biblScope>163</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e453" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e290" xml:lang="ady"><lang/>
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<w>qaməla</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e460" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e297" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>qamir</w>
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<gloss><q>тростник</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e469" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e306" xml:lang="ka-x-ingiloy"><lang/>
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<w>qaval</w>
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<gloss><q>свирель</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._диал._I"/>
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<biblScope>I 624</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>. Сюда же, вероятно,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e483" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e320" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>кавыль</w>, <w>ковыль</w>
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<gloss><q>Stipa pennata</q></gloss></mentioned>, считающееся неразъясненным (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Berneker"/>
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<biblScope>594</biblScope></bibl>).<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Производить <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e483" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e337" xml:lang="ru"><w>кавыль</w></mentioned> от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e500" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e340" xml:lang="ru"><w>ковать</w></mentioned>
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW">V а s m е г. REW</ref>
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<biblScope>I 587</biblScope></bibl>) можно только в виде ultimum refugium.</note>
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e513" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e350" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>qaməl</w></mentioned> неотделимо от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e518" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e355" xml:lang="trk"><w>qameš</w>
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<gloss><q>камыш</q></gloss></mentioned>, причем форма <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e525" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e362" xml:lang="trk"><w>qaməl</w></mentioned> со своим <c>l</c> является булгаризмом или монголизмом:
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звуку <c>š</c> большинства тюркских языков отвечает <c>l</c> в булгарском (чувашском) и
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монгольском (см.: <bibl><title>Исследования по сравнительной грамматике тюркских языков.
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I. Фонетика</title>. <biblScope>М., 1955, стр. 320 сл.</biblScope></bibl>). Мало
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вероятно, чтобы формы типа <oRef>qamil</oRef> были результатом контаминации <w>qamiš</w> с
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e544" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e381" xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>qalam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e549" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e386" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>κάλαμος</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Doerfer"/>
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<biblScope>III 517—518</biblScope></bibl>). Cp.: <bibl><author>G. Deeters</author>.
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<title>Die kaukasischen Sprachen. Handbuch der Orientalistik</title>
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<biblScope> I <hi rend="italic" rendition="#rend_italic">7</hi>
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36</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">From <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e248" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e411" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>qaməl</w>
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<gloss><q>stems</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>II 485</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e262" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e425" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>qaməl</w>
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<gloss><q>reed</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e270" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e433" xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
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<w>qaməla</w>
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<gloss><q>cane</q>, <q>stem</q>, <q>panpipe</q>, <q>flute</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vogt"/>
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<biblScope>163</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e290" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e453" xml:lang="ady"><lang/>
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<w>qaməla</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e297" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e460" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>qamir</w>
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<gloss><q>cane</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e306" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e469" xml:lang="ka-x-ingiloy"><lang/>
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<w>qaval</w>
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<gloss><q>panpipe</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._диал._I"/>
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<biblScope>I 624</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e320" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e483" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>kavylʼ</w>, <w>kovylʼ</w>
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<gloss><q>Stipa pennata</q></gloss></mentioned> which is considered unexplained also
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belongs here (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Berneker"/>
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<biblScope>594</biblScope></bibl>).<note type="footnote">One can derive <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e320" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e500" xml:lang="ru"><w>kavylʼ</w></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e337" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e503" xml:lang="ru"><w>kovatʼ</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW">V a s m e
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r. REW</ref>
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<biblScope>I 587</biblScope></bibl>) only in the form of ultimum refugium.</note>
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e350" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e513" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>qaməl</w></mentioned> is inseparable from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e355" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e518" xml:lang="trk"><w>qameš</w>
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<gloss><q>reed</q></gloss></mentioned>, and the form <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e362" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e525" xml:lang="trk"><w>qaməl</w></mentioned> with <c>l</c> is of Bulgarian or Mongolian origin: the sound
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<c>š</c> in the most Turkic languages corresponds <c>l</c> in Bulgar (Chuvash) and
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Mongolian (see: <bibl><title>Studies on the comparative grammar of the Turkic languages.
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I. Phonetics</title>. <biblScope>M., 1955, p. 320 ff.</biblScope></bibl>). It is
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unlikely that the forms of the type <oRef>qamil</oRef> were the result of contamination of
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<w>qamiš</w> with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e381" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e544" xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>qalam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1949e386" xml:id="mentioned_d1949e549" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>κάλαμος</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Doerfer"/>
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<biblScope>III 517—518</biblScope></bibl>). Cf.: <bibl><author>G. Deeters</author>.
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<title>Die kaukasischen Sprachen. Handbuch der Orientalistik</title>
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<biblScope> I <hi rend="italic" rendition="#rend_italic">7</hi>
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36</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |