abaev-xml/entries/abaev_rūd.xml
2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00

223 lines
No EOL
21 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">rūd</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_rūd" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
<form xml:id="form_d4923e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>rūd</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d4923e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>rod</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d4923e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d4923e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>толстая кишка</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>large intestine</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4923e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>колбаса</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>sausage</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tʼang"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xælūr" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
<w>xæloræ</w>
<gloss><q>кишка</q></gloss></ref></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tʼang"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xælūr" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
<w>xæloræ</w>
<gloss><q>intestine</q></gloss></ref></note>
<re xml:id="re_d4923e117">
<form xml:id="form_d4923e119" type="lemma"><orth>ruddag</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d4923e122"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нарубленное мясо для колбасы</q>
</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">minced meat for sausage</q>
</tr></sense>
</re>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d4923e135">
<example xml:id="example_d4923e137">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æmbīsondy xorz fyn fedtam dyson: Mysyrbijy
fyny argævstam, axæm <oRef>rūd</oRef> ʒy afældæxtam — ærtæ ivazny</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на удивление хороший сон мы видели ночью: мы во
сне зарезали Мысырби, такую колбасу из него вывернули — три сажени</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">we had a surprisingly good dream at night: we
slaughtered Mysirbi in a dream and turned
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220602T113429+0300" comment="?"?>him<?oxy_comment_end ?>
into such a sausage — three fathoms long</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>I 66</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4923e166">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">gal kæj wydī, ūj ʒy <oRef>rūdy</oRef> xaj dær
nal fæcī</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кому принадлежал бык, тому не досталось даже
кусочка кишки</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">whoever owned the bull did not even get a piece
of the gut</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Ӕмб."/>
<biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e526" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e194" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w type="rec">rauta-</w></mentioned>: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4923e200"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e533" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e201" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>rūda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e538" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e206" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>rōt</w>, <w>rōtik</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>потроха</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>кишки</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e551" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e219" xml:lang="gbz"><lang/>
<w>rutow</w>
<gloss><q>толстые кишки</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e559" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e227" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
<w>rōθ</w>, <w>rōt</w>, <w>rōtink</w>
<gloss><q>кишки</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4923e239"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e572" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e240" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>ruwī</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e577" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e245" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
<w>rūī</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e582" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e250" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
<w>raud</w>, <w>rεwd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e589" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e257" xml:lang="x-rushani"><lang/>
<w>rūd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e594" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e262" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
<w>rəd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e599" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e267" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>röčik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e605" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e273" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>ruta</w>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андреев._Ягн."/>
<biblScope>316</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e618" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e286" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w type="rec">rūf-</w>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<w>rwβ-</w>)</note></mentioned><gloss><q>брюхо</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>кишки</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/>
<biblScope>134</biblScope></bibl>),<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e618" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e309" xml:lang="sog"><lang>Согд.</lang>
<w type="rec">rūf-</w></mentioned> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e647" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e315" xml:lang="ira"><w>ruθwan-</w></mentioned>? (ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e650" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e318" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>uruθwan-</w>
<gloss><q>брюхо</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>кишки</q></gloss></mentioned>); <c>θw</c>
<c>f</c>, как в согдийском манихейском <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e665" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e333" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">энклит. местоимение 2-го лица ед. ч.</note>
<w>-f</w></mentioned> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e674" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e340" xml:lang="ira"><w>θwa</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
<biblScope>§ 297</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4923e349"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e684" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e350" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>rruta-</w>, <w>rrūva-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e650" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e357" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>uruθwan-</w>, <w>uruθwar-</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>кишки</q></gloss></mentioned>. За пределами иранского мира привлекают
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4923e367"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e702" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e368" xml:lang="sv-x-dial"><lang/>
<w>rudda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e707" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e373" xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
<w>rēada</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e712" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e378" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
<w>read</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>сычуг</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Из иранского (аланского или персидского) идут
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4923e386"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e721" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e387" xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
<w>rud</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e726" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e392" xml:lang="rut"><lang/>
<w>rud</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e731" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e397" xml:lang="agx"><lang/>
<w>rud</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e736" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e402" xml:lang="tab"><lang/>
<w>rad</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e741" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e407" xml:lang="lez"><lang/>
<w>rad</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>кишка</q></gloss></mentioned>. — <bibl><author>Wikander</author>
(<title>Vayu</title>. <pubPlace>Uppsala—Leipzig</pubPlace>, <date>1941</date>,
<biblScope>стр. 5657</biblScope>)</bibl> полагает, что созвучие в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e762" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e428" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w type="rec">rauta-</w>
<gloss><q>кишки</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e533" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e439" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>rūda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e538" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e444" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>rōt</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e784" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e450" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">rauta-</w><gloss><q>река</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e792" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e458" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>rōd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e538" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e463" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>rōt</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> не случайно; связующим является <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">представление о чем-то, текущем извилинами</q>. В
качестве семантической параллели <bibl><author>Wikander</author></bibl> приводит
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e812" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e475" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>guda-</w>
<gloss><q>кишки</q></gloss></mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e820" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e483" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>Guδa-</w>
<gloss>название реки</gloss></mentioned>. Приняв эти соображения, мы приходим к
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e828" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e491" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>srav-</w>: <w>sruta-</w>
<gloss><q>течь</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><author>Stackelberg</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/>
<biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
<biblScope>VI 310</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><title>Studi linguistici in onore di Vittore
Pisani</title>. <pubPlace>Brescia</pubPlace>, <date>1970</date>, <biblScope>стр.
92</biblScope></bibl> .</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e194" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e526" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w type="rec">rauta-</w></mentioned>: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4923e532"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e201" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e533" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>rūda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e206" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e538" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>rōt</w>, <w>rōtik</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>giblets</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>intestine</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e219" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e551" xml:lang="gbz"><lang/>
<w>rutow</w>
<gloss><q>large intestine</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e227" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e559" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
<w>rōθ</w>, <w>rōt</w>, <w>rōtink</w>
<gloss><q>instestine</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4923e571"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e240" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e572" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>ruwī</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e245" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e577" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
<w>rūī</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e250" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e582" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
<w>raud</w>, <w>rεwd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e257" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e589" xml:lang="x-rushani"><lang/>
<w>rūd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e262" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e594" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
<w>rəd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e267" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e599" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>röčik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e273" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e605" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>ruta</w>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андреев._Ягн."/>
<biblScope>316</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e286" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e618" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w type="rec">rūf-</w>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<w>rwβ-</w>)</note></mentioned><gloss><q>abdomen</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>intestine</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/>
<biblScope>134</biblScope></bibl>),<note type="footnote"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e286" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e641" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w type="rec">rūf-</w></mentioned> is from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e315" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e647" xml:lang="ira"><w>ruθwan-</w></mentioned>? (cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e318" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e650" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>uruθwan-</w>
<gloss><q>abdomen</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>intestine</q></gloss></mentioned>); <c>θw</c>
<c>f</c>, as in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e333" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e665" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><lang/>
<note type="comment">enclitic 2sg pronoun</note>
<w>-f</w></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e340" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e674" xml:lang="ira"><w>θwa</w></mentioned>
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
<biblScope>§ 297</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4923e683"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e350" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e684" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>rruta-</w>, <w>rrūva-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e318" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e691" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>uruθwan-</w>, <w>uruθwar-</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>intestine</q></gloss></mentioned>. Outside the Iranian languages, the
following words attract attention: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4923e701"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e368" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e702" xml:lang="sv-x-dial"><lang/>
<w>rudda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e373" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e707" xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
<w>rēada</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e378" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e712" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
<w>read</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>abomasum</q></gloss></mentioned>. — From Iranian (Alan or Persian) there are
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4923e720"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e387" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e721" xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
<w>rud</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e392" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e726" xml:lang="rut"><lang/>
<w>rud</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e397" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e731" xml:lang="agx"><lang/>
<w>rud</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e402" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e736" xml:lang="tab"><lang/>
<w>rad</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e407" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e741" xml:lang="lez"><lang/>
<w>rad</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>intestine</q></gloss></mentioned>. — <bibl><author>Wikander</author>
(<title>Vayu</title>. <pubPlace>Uppsala—Leipzig</pubPlace>, <date>1941</date>,
<biblScope>p. 5657</biblScope>)</bibl> believes that the consonance in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e428" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e762" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w type="rec">rauta-</w>
<gloss><q>intestine</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e201" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e773" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>rūda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e206" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e778" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>rōt</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e450" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e784" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">rauta-</w><gloss><q>river</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e458" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e792" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>rōd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e206" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e797" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>rōt</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> not accidental; the binding is <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">the idea of something flowing in
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220602T114306+0300" comment="?"?>convolutions<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>.
As a semantic parallel <bibl><author>Wikander</author></bibl> gives <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e475" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e812" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>guda-</w>
<gloss><q>intestine</q></gloss></mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e483" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e820" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>Guδa-</w>
<gloss>river name</gloss></mentioned>. With these considerations in mind, we arrive at
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4923e491" xml:id="mentioned_d4923e828" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>srav-</w>: <w>sruta-</w>
<gloss><q>flow</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><author>Stackelberg</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/>
<biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
<biblScope>VI 310</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><title>Studi linguistici in onore di Vittore
Pisani</title>. <pubPlace>Brescia</pubPlace>, <date>1970</date>, <biblScope>p.
92</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>