abaev-xml/entries/abaev_æfxæryn.xml
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<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>æfxæryn</w></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_æfxæryn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240131T131830+0300" comment="checked"?>
<form xml:id="form_d4346e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>æfxæryn</orth>
<form xml:id="form_d4346e68" type="participle"><orth>æfxærd</orth></form></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
<form xml:id="form_d4346e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æfxwærun</orth>
<form xml:id="form_d4346e73" type="participle"><orth>æfxward</orth></form></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d4346e76">
<sense xml:id="sense_d4346e77">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>обижать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>to offend</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d4346e86">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>оскорблять</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>to insult</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d4346e95">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>выговаривать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>to rebuke</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d4346e104">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>наказывать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>to punish</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4346e114">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e116">
<quote>aj dyn mæ fydy mard, aj dyn mæ mady <oRef>fxærd</oRef>!</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>это тебе за убийство моего отца, это тебе за оскорбление моей
матери!</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>this is to you for killing my father, this is to you for insulting my
mother!</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Æfx._Xæs."/>
<biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e135">
<quote><oRef>bafxærdta</oRef> mæ, mæ card myn bassæsta</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>он оскорбил меня, растоптал мою жизнь</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>he insulted me, trampled on my life</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
<biblScope>145</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e154">
<quote>Narty… ʒawmatæ raxæsson æmæ sæ <oRef>bafxæron</oRef></quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>заберу я у Нартов одежды и оскорблю их</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>I will take the clothes from Narts and insult them</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>I 26</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e173" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>me <oRef>fxward</oRef>, mæ xodujnag næ feronx kænʒænæn</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>мое оскорбление, мой позор я не забуду</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>I will not forget the offense against me, my shaming</q>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e191" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>ma osi fidæ mæ <oRef>bafxwardta</oRef></quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>мой тесть оскорбил меня</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>my father-in-law insulted me</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>I 92</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e214">
<quote>Asiat, acy æmgærtty fyccag dy <oRef>bafxærdtaj</oRef>, nyr ta ūdon
dæw bafxærdtoj</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>Асиат, этих друзей сперва ты обидела, теперь они тебя обидели</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>Asiat, you offended these friends first, now they offended you</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
<biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e233" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>cæmæn mæ bayxwardtajtæ?</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>почему вы меня обидели?</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>why did you hurt me?</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
<biblScope>30<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">6</hi></biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e255" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>rawænæj rawænti don fur <oRef>æfxwærnitæ nikkænuj</oRef></quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>местами река сильно размывает (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">производит
повреждения</q></gloss>)</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>in some places the river erodes (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">damages</q></gloss>) much</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/>
<biblScope>47</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e277">
<quote><oRef>æfxwærnitæ</oRef> iskʼanæwttæ uncæ</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>размытые водой места обращаются в канавы</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>places washed out by water turn into ditches</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
<biblScope>III 59</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Сращение <mentioned xml:lang="os"><gloss>непродуктивного ныне
преверба</gloss>
<m>æv-</m>, <m>æf-</m>
<note type="comment">(здесь, вероятно, из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>abi-</m></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> с не сохранившейся
в осетинском самостоятельно основой <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>hvar-</w>
<gloss><q>ранить</q> и пр.</gloss></mentioned>, вероятно тождественной с
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>hvar-</w>
<gloss><q>есть</q></gloss></mentioned>; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæryn_1"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xæryn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xwærun</w></ref>. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e457" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e301" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>le-xorīn</w>
<gloss><q>оскорблять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e465" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e309" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>xvār</w>
<gloss><q>униженный</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>презираемый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e479" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e323" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>xvarī</w>
<gloss><q>унижение</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e488" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e332" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>hvara-</w>
<gloss><q>рана</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>поранение</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e502" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e346" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w n="0">хворъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e507" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e352" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>хворый</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e512" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e357" xml:lang="ru"><w>хворать</w></mentioned>,
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e515" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e360" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>svṛ-</w>
</mentioned><gloss><q>мучить</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>ранить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e530" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e375" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>Schwäre</w>
<gloss><q>нарыв</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>язва</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e544" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e389" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
<w>swēro</w>
<gloss><q>боль</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e552" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e397" xml:lang="goh"><w>swēran</w>
<gloss><q>болеть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>нарывать</q></gloss></mentioned>.
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
<biblScope>98</biblScope></bibl> относит сюда же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e569" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e414" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>xwar</w>
<gloss><q>кора</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>короста</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>струп</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xælmag"><lang/>
<w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xælmag</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xwælmag</w>
<gloss><q>струп</q></gloss></ref>. <bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>II 73, III 150</biblScope>)</bibl> видит эту же основу в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæjræg"><w>xæjræg</w>
<gloss><q>чорт</q></gloss></ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xælæg"><w>xælæg</w>
<gloss><q>зависть</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Fusion of the <mentioned xml:lang="os"><gloss>no longer
productive preverb</gloss>
<m>æv-</m>, <m>æf-</m>
<note type="comment">(here probably from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>abi-</m></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> with the stem
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>hvar-</w>
<gloss><q>to hurt</q> etc.</gloss></mentioned>, unpreserved independently in
Ossetic and probably equivalent to <w>hvar-</w>
<gloss><q>to eat</q></gloss>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæryn_1"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xæryn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xwærun</w></ref>.
Compare <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e301" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e457" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>le-xorīn</w>
<gloss><q>to insult</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e309" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e465" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>xvār</w>
<gloss><q>humiliated</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>despised</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e323" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e479" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>xvarī</w>
<gloss><q>humiliation</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e332" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e488" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>hvara-</w>
<gloss><q>wound</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>injury</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e346" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e502" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>xvorъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e352" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e507" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>xvoryj</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e357" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e512" xml:lang="ru"><w>xvoratʼ</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>to be ill</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e360" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e515" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>svṛ-</w>
<gloss><q>to torment</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to hurt</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e375" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e530" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>Schwäre</w>
<gloss><q>abscess</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ulcer</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e389" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e544" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
<w>swēro</w>
<gloss><q>pain</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e397" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e552" xml:lang="goh"><w>swēran</w>
<gloss><q>to ache</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to have an
abscess</q></gloss></mentioned>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
<biblScope>98</biblScope></bibl> also attributes here <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e414" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e569" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>xwar</w>
<gloss><q>(tree) bark</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>scab</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>eschar</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xælmag"><lang/>
<w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xælmag</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xwælmag</w>
<gloss><q>scab</q></gloss></ref>. <bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"></ref>
<biblScope>II 73, III 150</biblScope>)</bibl> sees the same stem in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæjræg"><w>xæjræg</w>
<gloss><q>devil</q></gloss></ref> and in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xælæg"><w>xælæg</w>
<gloss><q>envy</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
</entry>
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