abaev-xml/entries/abaev_fæzdæg.xml
2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00

153 lines
No EOL
13 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæzdæg</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_fæzdæg" xml:lang="os">
<form xml:id="form_d3853e66" type="lemma"><orth>fæzdæg</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3853e69"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>дым</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>smoke</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3853e79">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3853e81">
<quote>mītæj ʒag æxsæly mary fæzdægæj</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>покрытый снегом можжевельник (при горении) душит („убивает“)
дымом</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>snow-covered juniper smothers (“kills”) with smoke (when burning)</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>44</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3853e100">
<quote>ænæ art, ænæ fæzdæg</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>без огня, без дыма</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>without fire, without smoke</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">не имеющий своего очага</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">homeless</q>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3853e127" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>fæzdæg… kænuj fæjnerdæmæ zeldoǧ, tunʒuj cʼæx arvmæ tuzmægæj</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>дым кружит во все стороны (и), мрачный, устремляется к синему
небу</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>the smoke is swirling in all directions and is rushing to the blue
sky, being gloomy</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>74</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e278" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e152" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w>*pazdaka-</w></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e283" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e157" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>pazd</w>
<gloss><q>дым</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e291" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e165" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w>*pazd- (pzt-)</w>
<gloss><q>дым</q></gloss></mentioned>. Как <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e299" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e173" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>дым</w></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e307" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e178" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w>*dhūm-</w></mentioned>) связано с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e313" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e184" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>дуть</w></mentioned>, так <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pazd-</hi> происходит от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e321" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e189" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w>*pazd-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e326" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e194" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w>pezd-</w>
<gloss><q>дуть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e334" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e202" xml:lang="ine"><w/>
<gloss><q>испускать вонь, дым</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. (ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e340" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e208" xml:lang="sl"><lang/>
<w>pezdêti</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e345" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e213" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>pēdo</w></mentioned> и пр.). Поэтому относится сюда же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e351" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e219" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>nāy-pazd</w>
<gloss><q>флейтист</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/><biblScope>112</biblScope></bibl>),
буквально „дующий (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pazd-</hi>) в флейту (nāy)“.<note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT
NOTE HERE </note> Стоит отметить, что в ряде языков эта же основа выступает
в названии (вредных) насекомых: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e366" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e234" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>pazdak</w>
<gloss><q>хлебный клещ</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e374" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e242" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>pazdu-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e379" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e247" xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
<w>бздюх</w>
<gloss><q>клоп</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e388" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e256" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>pēdis</w>
<gloss><q>вошь</q></gloss></mentioned>. По форме и значению ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæzdæg</hi>
смыкается с согдийским и ягнобским.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/><biblScope>197</biblScope></bibl>. —
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/></bibl>. —
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>120</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e152" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e278" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w>*pazdaka-</w></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e157" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e283" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>pazd</w>
<gloss><q>smoke</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e165" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e291" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w>*pazd- (pzt-)</w>
<gloss><q>smoke</q></gloss></mentioned>. The same way as <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e173" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e299" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>dym</w>
<gloss><q>smoke</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e178" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e307" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w>*dhūm-</w></mentioned>) is related to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e184" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e313" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>dutʼ</w>
<gloss><q>blow</q></gloss></mentioned>, the word <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pazd-</hi> originates from
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e189" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e321" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w>*pazd-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e194" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e326" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w>pezd-</w>
<gloss><q>blow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e202" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e334" xml:lang="ine"><w/>
<gloss><q>give off a stench, smoke</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. (cf.
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e208" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e340" xml:lang="sl"><lang/>
<w>pezdêti</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e213" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e345" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>pēdo</w></mentioned> etc.). That is why <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e219" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e351" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>nāy-pazd</w>
<gloss><q>flutist</q></gloss></mentioned> is related to it as well
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/><biblScope>112</biblScope></bibl>), literally blowing (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pazd-</hi>) in
a flute (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">nāy</hi>).<note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT NOTE HERE </note> It should
be noted that in a number of languages the same basis appears in the name of
(destructive) insects: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e234" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e366" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>pazdak</w>
<gloss><q>food mite</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e242" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e374" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>pazdu-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e247" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e379" xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
<w>bzdjux</w>
<gloss><q>bedbug</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3853e256" xml:id="mentioned_d3853e388" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>pēdis</w>
<gloss><q>louse</q></gloss></mentioned>. In its form and its meaning Ossetic
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæzdæg</hi> merges with Sogdian and Yaghnobi.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/><biblScope>197</biblScope></bibl>. —
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/></bibl>. —
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>120</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="1">Значение ‘бить’ для <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pazd-</hi>
(<bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">А. Раgliаro</hi>, Ricerche linguistiche
12, 1950, стр. 252</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">А. Раgliаro</hi>,
Ricerche linguistiche 12, 1950, p. 252</biblScope></bibl>) явно здесь не
подходит, так как флейту не бьют, а дуют в нее.</note>
<note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="1">The meaning beat for <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pazd-</hi>
(<bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">А. Раgliаro</hi>, Ricerche linguistiche
12, 1950, стр. 252</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">А. Раgliаro</hi>,
Ricerche linguistiche 12, 1950, p. 252</biblScope></bibl>) clearly does
not fit here, since the flute is not beaten, but blown into.</note>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>