146 lines
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12 KiB
XML
146 lines
No EOL
12 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">faǵys</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_faǵys" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d5954e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>faǵys</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5954e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>fagus</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5954e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>навоз</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>manure</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5954e82">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5954e84">
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<quote>(Syrdony) skʼaxtoj æmæ jæ faǵysy bænygædtoj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>(Сырдона) откопали и зарыли его в навоз</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Syrdon was dug up and buried in manure</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>I
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176</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5954e103">
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<quote>x˳ymtæm faǵys lasæm</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>возим навоз на пашни</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q/>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5954e118" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>ǧog … xwallag nixxælew kænuj, fagusi xæccæ sxælæ-mulæ uj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>корова разбрасывает корм, (и он) перемешивается с навозом</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the cow is scattering the food so it is getting mixed with the
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manure</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/><biblScope>II 19</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5954e140">
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<quote>Xorany qal fyrt faǵysy raǧyl jæxī fækodta dywwadæs cæfy</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>кичливый сын Хорана на навозной куче нанес себе двенадцать ран</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Khoran's puffy son inflicted twelve wounds on himself in a dung
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heap</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/><biblScope>174</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Одно из старейших тюркских отложений в осетинском. Ср.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e287" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e162" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>baguš, bauguš, baguš</w>
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<gloss><q>навоз</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e295" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e170" xml:lang="alt"><lang/>
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<w>paǧai</w>
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<gloss><q>поганый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e303" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e178" xml:lang="alt"><w>paǧaila</w>
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<gloss><q>осквернять</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">IV 1132
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сл.</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e314" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e189" xml:lang="sah"><lang/>
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<w>paxai, baǧas</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">междометие</note>
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<gloss><q>мерзость!</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e325" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e200" xml:lang="sah"><w/>
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<gloss><q>гадость!</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5954e206" xml:lang="sah"><w/>
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<gloss><q>гадко!</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5954e212" xml:lang="sah"><w/>
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<gloss><q>скверно!</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5954e218" xml:lang="sah"><w/>
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<gloss><q>мерзко!</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5954e224" xml:lang="cv"><lang/>
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<w n="0">пака</w>
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<gloss><q>пакость</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5954e233" xml:lang="cv"><w n="0">пах</w>
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<gloss><q>кал</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e345" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e241" xml:lang="cv"><w/>
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<gloss><q>навоз</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e351" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e247" xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
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<w>bāxa-</w>
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<gloss><q>испражняться</q></gloss></mentioned> и др. По сообщению С. Е.
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<hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Малова</hi>, в языке желтых уйгуров существует глагольная основа <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e359" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e255" xml:lang="ug"><lang/>
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<w>paka-</w>
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<gloss><q>испражняться</q></gloss></mentioned>, чем полностью подтверждается
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тюркский характер рассматриваемого слова, представляющего отглагольное
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образование. В осетинский слово проникло еще в ту эпоху, когда действовал закон
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перехода <hi rendition="#rend_italic">p</hi> в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">f</hi>, т. е. очень давно. Исходная форма, которую предполагает
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ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fagus</hi>, должна была звучать <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pakuš</hi>. <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Русск.</hi> <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e368" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e263" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>пакость</w></mentioned>, если и не идет отсюда, все же в своей семантике
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подверглось влиянию вышеприведенных (чувашского?) слов (ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e376" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e268" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w n="0">пакость</w>
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<gloss><q>вред</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e384" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e277" xml:lang="cu"><w/>
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<gloss><q>ущерб</q></gloss></mentioned>, но не ‘гадость’, ‘дерьмо’).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">One of the oldest Turkic strata in Ossetic. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e162" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e287" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>baguš, bauguš, baguš</w>
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<gloss><q>manure</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e170" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e295" xml:lang="alt"><lang/>
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<w>paǧai</w>
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<gloss><q>rotten</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e178" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e303" xml:lang="alt"><w>paǧaila</w>
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<gloss><q>defile</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">IV 1132 ff.</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e189" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e314" xml:lang="sah"><lang/>
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<w>paxai, baǧas</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">interjection</note>
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<gloss><q>nasty!</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e200" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e325" xml:lang="sah"><w/>
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<gloss><q>yuck!</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5954e331" xml:lang="cv"><lang/>
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<w>paka</w>
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<gloss><q>mean trick</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5954e339" xml:lang="cv"><w>pax</w>
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<gloss><q>excrement</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e241" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e345" xml:lang="cv"><w/>
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<gloss><q>manure</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e247" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e351" xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
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<w>bāxa-</w>
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<gloss><q>defecate</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. According to S. E.
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<hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Malov</hi>, there is a verbal stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e255" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e359" xml:lang="ug"><lang/>
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<w>paka-</w>
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<gloss><q>defecate</q></gloss></mentioned>, by which the Turkic nature of
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the considered word (representinf a deverbal derivative) is fully confirmed. The
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word entered Ossetic still in the era when the law of transition of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">p</hi> into
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">f</hi> was in force, i.e. a long time ago. The initial form, which is suggested
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by Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fagus</hi>, should have sounded like <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pakuš</hi>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e263" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e368" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>pakostʼ</w>
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<gloss><q>mean trick</q></gloss></mentioned>, even if it does not come from
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it, still was influenced in its semantics by the above mentioned (Chuvash?)
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words (cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e268" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e376" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>pakostь</w>
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<gloss><q>harm</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5954e277" xml:id="mentioned_d5954e384" xml:lang="cu"><w/>
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<gloss><q>damage</q></gloss></mentioned>, but not ‘muck’, ‘shit’).</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |