291 lines
No EOL
21 KiB
XML
291 lines
No EOL
21 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">rīvad</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml">
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<p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p>
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</publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_rīvad" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d4218e68" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>rīvad</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d4218e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>revæd</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4218e74"><sense xml:id="sense_d4218e75"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>свободный</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>free</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4218e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>порожний</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>empty</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4218e93"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>лишенный чего-либо</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>deprived of something</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d4218e103">
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">в иронском встречается редко, главным образом в
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сочетании с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_k0yroj"><w>k˳yroj</w>
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<gloss><q>мельница</q></gloss></ref>: </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">rare in Iron, mostly in combination with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_k0yroj"><w>k˳yroj</w>
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<gloss><q>mill</q></gloss></ref>: </note>
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<form xml:id="form_d4218e123" type="lemma"><orth>rīvad k˳yroj</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4218e126"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">свободная (не загруженная зерном) мельница</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">free (not loaded with grain) mill</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d4218e139" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">в дигорском весьма употребительно и функционирует как
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синоним <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftid" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>aftid</w>
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<gloss><q>порожний</q></gloss></ref>;</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">very common in Digor, it functions as a synonym of <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftid" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>aftid</w>
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<gloss><q>empty</q></gloss></ref>;</note>
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<form xml:id="form_d4218e163" type="lemma"><usg><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220413T120937+0300" comment="не поставился пробел"?><lang/><?oxy_comment_end ?></usg><orth>revæd
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kænun</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4218e170"><sense xml:id="sense_d4218e171"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">освобождать</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">rid</q>
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</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4218e182"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>опорожнять</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>empty</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d4218e194">
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<example xml:id="example_d4218e196">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">k˳yroj <oRef>rīvadæj</oRef> fæzyld</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мельница вертится порожней (незагруженной
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зерном)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the mill spins empty (unloaded with grain)</q>
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</tr>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; это выражение
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применяется образно к болтуну и соответствует русскому <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">пустомеля</q></note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">; this expression
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is applied figuratively to a chatterbox and corresponds to the Russian <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220413T125123+0300" comment="что делать?"?>pustomjelja<?oxy_comment_end ?></q><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20220719T114453+0300" comment="надо подробнее писать?"?>
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(from <q>empty</q> + <q>grind</q>)<?oxy_comment_end ?></note>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4218e235">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">k˳yroj <oRef>arīvad</oRef>: ærmæftaw cas
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læxūrīnag ū, cæ!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мельница быстро освободилась (от зерна): много
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ли нужно, чтобы смолоть <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmæftaw"><w>ærmæftaw</w></ref>!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the mill was quickly freed (of grain): not much
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is needed to grind <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmæftaw"><w>ærmæftaw</w></ref>!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
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<biblScope>157</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4218e266" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">osongæ ew ʒævgar læwwuj
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<oRef>revædæj</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">шалаш некоторое время остается пустым</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the hut remains empty for some time</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4218e293" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ka <oRef>revæd</oRef> wærdunæj wadæj xumtæmæ,
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ka ba lasta nartxwar</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кто порожняком (<q>с порожней арбой</q>) спешил
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на поля, кто вез (оттуда) кукурузу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">someone hurried to the fields empty (<q>with an
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empty cart</q>), someone was carrying corn (from there)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
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<biblScope>II 28</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4218e325" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Batraz fingæmæ fællæburdta æma ʽj ʒurdi
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saxatmæ <oRef>rarevæd</oRef> kodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Батраз накинулся на <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyng"><w>fing</w></ref> (накрытый треножный стол) и мгновенно (<q>в
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мгновение слова</q>) опустошил его</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Batraz fell upon a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyng"><w>fing</w></ref> (set tripod table) and emptied it
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instantly (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">in the moment of a word</q>)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4218e365" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>revæd</oRef> fingæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">ненакрытый,
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порожний стол</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">empty, not set
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table</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4218e392" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæjug… fælliǧdæj <oRef>revædæj</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">великан убежал ни с чем</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the giant ran away with nothing</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>15</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4218e419" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xurʒintæ <oRef>ærrevæd</oRef> kodta zærond
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osæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">старуха освободила хурджины</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the old woman unloaded the saddlebags</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1949 II 30</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4218e447" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæwmæj izærmæ cawæni fæxxætgæj, æz fællad æma
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<oRef>revæd</oRef> kʼoxæj cudtæn næ wotærmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с утра до вечера пробродив на охоте, я усталый
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и с пустыми руками возвращался в наш кутан</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wandering on the hunt from morning to evening,
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tired and empty-handed I returned to our
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220413T130132+0300" comment="надо пояснить?"?>kutan<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1958 III 28</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4218e478" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ ewnægæj <oRef>revædæj</oRef>
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bajzadtæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я осталась лишенная моего единственного
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(сына)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I was left deprived of my only (son)</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4218e501" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220407T094845+0300" comment="такое слово? в пдф плохо видно"?>ærtæ<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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farastkʼoxon bæxbæddæni læg <oRef>revædæj</oRef> nekæd fæwwidtaidæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">три девятируких коновязи человек не мог увидеть
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свободными</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a man could not see three nine-handed (for nine
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horses) hitching posts free</q>
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</tr>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (т. е. всегда
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были привязаны лошади, всегда было много гостей)</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (i.e. horses
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were always tied, there were always many guests)</note>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1940 III 50</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4218e540" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">se sturdær ixæsbæl nimajuncæ araqi gæbæt
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<oRef>revæd</oRef> kænun</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(они) считают своим первейшим долгом опорожнить
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бурдюк с аракой</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they consider it their first duty to empty the
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leather bottle of araka</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
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<biblScope>280<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">2</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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||
</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит закономерно к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e656" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e574" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">fraivata-</w></mentioned> и примыкает к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e660" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e578" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>prīvātus</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(более старая форма <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e667" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e585" xml:lang="la"><w>preiuat-</w></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ernout-Meillet"/>
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<biblScope>811</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e676" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e594" xml:lang="la"><w>prīvāre</w>
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<gloss><q>лишать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>освобождать</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(по значению равно ос. <oRef>revæd
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kænun</oRef>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e690" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e608" xml:lang="la"><w>privus</w>
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<gloss><q>отдельный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>лишенный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>не
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имеющий</q></gloss></mentioned>. Сюда же германская группа: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4218e620"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e708" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e621" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>freis</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e713" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e626" xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
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<w>fréo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e718" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e631" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>frei</w></mentioned>
|
||
<gloss><q>свободный</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e726" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e640" xml:lang="cy-x-cymr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>rhydd</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>свободный</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ввиду отсутствия надежных иранских
|
||
соответствий <oRef>rīvad</oRef> следует рассматривать в ряду сепаратных лексических встреч
|
||
осетинского с европейскими языками (см. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/></bibl>).</etym>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="en">Regularly traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e574" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e656" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">fraivata-</w></mentioned> and is adjacent to<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e578" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e660" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
||
<w>prīvātus</w>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(older form <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e585" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e667" xml:lang="la"><w>preiuat-</w></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ernout-Meillet"/>
|
||
<biblScope>811</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e594" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e676" xml:lang="la"><w>prīvāre</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>deprive</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>free</q></gloss>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(the meaning is equal to Ossetic <oRef>revæd
|
||
kænun</oRef>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e608" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e690" xml:lang="la"><w>privus</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>separate</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>deprived</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>not
|
||
having</q></gloss></mentioned>.
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220413T130633+0300" comment="так?"?>Germanic<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
||
group is also related: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4218e707"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e621" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e708" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
|
||
<w>freis</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e626" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e713" xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fréo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e631" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e718" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>frei</w></mentioned>
|
||
<gloss><q>free</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4218e640" xml:id="mentioned_d4218e726" xml:lang="cy-x-cymr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>rhydd</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>free</q></gloss></mentioned>. Due to the lack of reliable Iranian
|
||
correspondences, <oRef>rīvad</oRef> should be considered among the separate lexical
|
||
encounters of Ossetic with European languages (see <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/></bibl>).</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |