178 lines
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10 KiB
XML
178 lines
No EOL
10 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sar_1</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_sar_1" n="1" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1223e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sar!</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>saræ!</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1223e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>горе</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>woe</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>vae!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>vae!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; в формулах угрозы и проклятия</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; it is used in formulas of menace and curse</note>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth><oRef>sar</oRef> dæ kʼona! <oRef>sar</oRef> dæ
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xæʒar!</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горе твоему дому!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">woe to your house!</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>vае domo tuo!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>vae domo tuo!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth><oRef>sar</oRef> dæ sær!</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горе твоей голове!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">woe to your head!</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ew sæ kʼona æmæ <oRef>sar</oRef> sæ
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xæʒar!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">гибель их очагу и горе их дому!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ruin to their hearth and woe to their
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house!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 276</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">majræmbony X˳ycaw dæ baxīzæd dæ xæʒaræj æddæ
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bazzajyn; wæd dodoj æmæ <oRef>sar</oRef> dæ sær kodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в пятницу избави Боже остаться вне своего дома;
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тогда беда и горе твоей голове!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on Friday, Lord, deliver me from being away
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from my home; then disaster and woe to your head!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dodoj, <oRef>sar</oRef> myn jæ īid, ḱī mæ
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xona wæjjagf</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">беда, горе тому (<q>душе того</q>), кто назовет
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меня рабом!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">disaster, woe to one (<q>to the soul of
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one</q>) who will call me a slave!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
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<biblScope>108</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">saræ</oRef> kænaj
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sæ kʼona!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горе их дому!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">woe to their house!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazb."/>
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<biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/><w type="rec">sādram!</w>
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<gloss><q>горе</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>vae!</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>sār</w>
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<gloss><q>горе</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>огорчение</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>sādra-</w><gloss><q>горе</q></gloss> в формулах проклятия: <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"> sādram ahmāt naire!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горе тому мужу!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горе тому мужу!</q>
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</tr>
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</example></note>).</mentioned> В осетинском ожидали бы <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">sard</w></mentioned> (группа <c>-rd</c> в исходе удерживается, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrd_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kard"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mard"/> и др.). Однако в сочетании <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>sard dæ</phr></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<phr type="rec">sādram tai</phr></mentioned>) легко могло произойти упрощение:
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>sar dæ...</phr></mentioned> Старую аланскую форму
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отражает, возможно, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>sardam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="bbl"><lang/>
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<w>sart</w>
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<gloss><q>проклятие</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The word goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/><w type="rec">sādram!</w>
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<gloss><q>woe</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>vae!</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>sār</w>
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<gloss><q>grief</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>sorrow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>sādra-</w><gloss><q>grief</q></gloss> in curse formulas:<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"><example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"> sādram ahmāt naire!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">woe to that man!</q>
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</tr>
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</example></note>).</mentioned> In Ossetic the form <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">sard</w></mentioned> would be expected (the consonant cluster <c>-rd</c> in
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the end of the word is normally retained, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrd_1"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kard"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mard"/> etc.).
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However, the simplification could easily occur in the combination <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>sard dæ</phr></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<phr type="rec">sādram tai</phr></mentioned>): <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>sar
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dæ...</phr></mentioned> The old Alanic form is, probably, retained in <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>sardam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="bbl"><lang/>
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<w>sart</w>
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<gloss><q>curse</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |