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14 KiB
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192 lines
No EOL
14 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wyrd_2</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_wyrd_2" n="2" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d408e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>wyrd</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>urdæ</orth></form>
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<formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">обычно </note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">usually in </note>
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<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="plural" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><gram/><orth>wyrdtæ</orth></form>
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<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="plural"><orth>urditæ</orth></form>
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</formGrp>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d408e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ремизки в ткацком станке</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>healds in weaving machine</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<def xml:lang="ru">, устройство из нитяных петель между двух параллельных палочек,
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служащее для подъема нитей основы; в русской народной речи ремизки зовутся <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>ниты</w>, <w>нитченки</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
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<biblScope>II 547</biblScope></bibl>)</def>
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<def xml:lang="en">, device of thread loops between two parallel sticks used for lifting
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the threads of the base; in Russian dialectal speech healds are called <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>nity</w>, <w>nitčenki</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
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<biblScope>II 547</biblScope></bibl>)</def>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>wyrdændax</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нитка ремизки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">thread of a heald</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tynwafæn bandon īwyrdygæj fars kʼ˳ymy
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īftyǧdæj læwwy; <oRef>wyrdty</oRef> bos carmæ bast</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ткацкий станок стоит с одной стороны в углу
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заправленный; шнур ремизок подвязан к потолку</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a weaving machine stands on one side in the
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corner, set up; the cord of the healds is tied to the ceiling</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<date>1961</date>
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<biblScope>I 35</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>wyrdtæ</oRef> væjjync dywwæ...;
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<oRef>wyrdændax</oRef> aræzt væjjy dærzæg kʼ˳yrnbīlæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ремизок бывает две...; нитка ремизки делается
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из грубой шерсти</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there are two healds...; a thread of a heald is
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made from rough wool</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<date>1971</date>
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<biblScope>IV 92</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Xæmyš <oRef>wyrdændaxy</oRef> kæron kašajy
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kʼaxyl babasta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Хамыц привязал конец ремизочной нити к ноге
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суки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Xæmyts tied the end of the heald thread to the
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bitch's leg</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>I 60</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tuni rævʒitæ: ...tunwafæn kʼela, sundakʼin
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<oRef>urditæ</oRef>, ræsuǧd særvasæn, særgun ǧæbesǧædæ...</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">принадлежности (для тканья) сукна: ...ткацкий
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станок (стул), ремизки из шерстяных ниток, красивый гребень, навой с головкой...</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">supplies (for weaving) of cloth: ...a weaving
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machine, healds from wool threads, a nice reed, a loom beam with a knob...</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sam."/>
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<biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Следует связать с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrdyg"><w>wyrdyg</w>
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<gloss><q>отвесный</q></gloss>,, <gloss><q>вертикальный</q></gloss> (также
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<gloss><q>крутой склон, спуск</q></gloss>)</ref>. Ткацкий станок того типа, которым
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пользовались осетины (см. рисунок в книге: <bibl><author>Калоев</author>.
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<title>Материальная культура и прикладное искусство Осетии</title>.
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<pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1973</date>, <biblScope>стр. 64, табл.
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19</biblScope></bibl>), состоял из частей, расположенных (или движущихся) либо в
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горизонтальной плоскости (стул, основа, челнок с утком), либо в вертикальной (гребень,
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ремизки). Ремизки, подвязанные к потолку, получили наименование как <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">вертикальные</q> части станка, движущиеся в вертикальной
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плоскости. Если так, то <oRef/> | <oRef>urdæ</oRef> этимологически неотделимо от
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<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ūrdhva-</w>
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<gloss><q>отвесный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>вертикальный</q></gloss>, <w>ūrdhvabharas-</w>
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<gloss><q>подымающий</q></gloss>, <w>ūrdhvagaman-</w>
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<gloss><q>подъем</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>подымание</q></gloss>, <w>ūrdhvasthiti-</w>
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<gloss><q>отвесное, вертикальное положение</q></gloss></mentioned>. Случайно ли созвучие
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с <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>ordiri</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>urdir</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<gloss><q>ourdir</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
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<w>ordire</w></mentioned>) <gloss><q>навивать основу в ткацком станке</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>продевать нити основы</q></gloss>? Мы сказали бы — случайно, если бы
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латинское слово получило до сих пор сколько-нибудь удовлетворительное этимологическое
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разъяснение. Но оно остается темным (см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ernout-Meillet"/>
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<biblScope>s. v.</biblScope></bibl>, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Walde"/>
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<biblScope>s. v.</biblScope></bibl>). Контакты скифского с протолатинским можно считать
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твердо установленными (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
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<biblScope>27—29, 86—97, 129—131</biblScope></bibl>). Имели место, в частности,
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заимствования из скифского в латинский: ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mystūlæg"/> —
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<mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>mustela</w></mentioned>, ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tærxon"/> — <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>Tarchon</w>, <w>Tarquinius</w></mentioned>. Быть может, к их числу надо добавить и
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ос. <oRef>urd</oRef> — <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>ordiri</w></mentioned>. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrdyg"/>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It should be connected with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrdyg"><w>wyrdyg</w>
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<gloss><q>sheer</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>vertical</q></gloss> (also <gloss><q>steep slope,
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descent</q></gloss>)</ref>. A weaving loom of the type which was used by Ossetians
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(see the picture in the book: <bibl><author>Kaloev</author>. <title>Material'naja kul'tura
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i prikladnoe iskusstvo Osetii</title>. [<title>The material culture and the applied
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art of Ossetia</title>]. <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1973</date>, <biblScope>p.
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64, table 19</biblScope></bibl>) consisted of parts positioned (or moving) either in
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the horizontal plane (a chair, a base, a shuttle with weft), or in the vertical plane (a
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reed, healds). Healds, tied to the ceiling, got their name, being <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">vertical</q> parts of a weaving loom, moving in the
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vertical plane. If so, the word <oRef/> | <oRef>urdæ</oRef> is etymologically inseparable
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from <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ūrdhva-</w>
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<gloss><q>steep</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>vertical</q></gloss>, <w>ūrdhvabharas-</w>
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<gloss><q>lifting (adj.)</q></gloss>, <w>ūrdhvagaman-</w>
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<gloss><q>to lift</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>lifting</q></gloss>, <w>ūrdhvasthiti-</w>
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<gloss><q>steep, vertical position</q></gloss></mentioned>. Is the consonance with
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<mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>ordiri</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>urdir</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<gloss><q>ourdir</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
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<w>ordire</w></mentioned>) <gloss><q>weave a base of a weaving loom</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>pull threads of the base through</q></gloss> accidental? We could say so, if
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the Latin word would have somewhat satisfying etymological explanation. But it's etymology
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remains unclear (see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ernout-Meillet"/>
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<biblScope>s. v.</biblScope></bibl>, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Walde"/>
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<biblScope>s. v.</biblScope></bibl>). The contacts of the Scythian language with
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Proto-Latin may be considered reliably established (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
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<biblScope>27—29, 86—97, 129—131</biblScope></bibl>). In particular, took place
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borrowings from Scythian into Latin: Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mystūlæg"/> —
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<mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>mustela</w></mentioned>, Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tærxon"/> — <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>Tarchon</w>, <w>Tarquinius</w></mentioned>. Perhaps, to their number one should add
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also <oRef>urd</oRef> — <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>ordiri</w></mentioned>. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrdyg"/>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |