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156 lines
No EOL
13 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xæsʒæf</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_xæsʒæf" xml:lang="os-x-digor" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231025T224146+0300" comment="Russian checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d3087e66" type="lemma"><orth>xæsʒæf</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> обычно в направ. падеже: </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> usually in the allative: </note>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xæsʒæfmæ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вслед</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">following smb.</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; и. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fædyl"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xædfæstæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xædwælvæd"/>
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<gloss><q>id</q></gloss></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; Iron <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fædyl"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xædfæstæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xædwælvæd"/>
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<gloss><q>id</q></gloss></note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…kizgæ ærbacudæj æma wællag sirej isbadtæj;
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oj <oRef>xæsʒæfmæ</oRef> ew ma duwwæ kizgi dær ærbacudæj æma fæjnæ siremi
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isbadtæncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…вошла девушка и села на верхний диван; вслед
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за ней вошли еще две девушки и сели каждая на диван</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…the girl came in and sat down on the upper
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sofa; following her came two more girls and each sat down on a sofa</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 114</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aslænbeg læqwæni xæccæ bacudæj iwazægdonæmæ…
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otæ <oRef/> ba fæmmeddwar æj kæstær fusun dær</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Асланбег с парнем вошел в кунацкую… тотчас
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следом вошел в комнату и младший хозяин</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aslænbeg entered the guest room with a young
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man… immediately following them into the room also came the younger master</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<date>1949</date>
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<biblScope>II 29</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Делить следует, очевидно, <w>xæs-ʒæf</w>, где <w>ʒæf</w>
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<note type="comment">(из <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæf"><w>cæf</w></ref>)</note>
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<gloss><q>удар</q>, <q>касание</q></gloss>. Трудность в том, что первая часть, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>xæs</w></mentioned>, самостоятельно не употребляется и значение ее
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неизвестно. Помочь делу может привлечение аналогичного образования <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼaxʒæf"><w>k’ax-ʒæf</w>
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<gloss><q>шаг</q></gloss></ref>, буквально <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">удар ноги
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(<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼaxʒæf"><w>k’ax</w></ref>)</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>620</biblScope></bibl>). Компонент <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>xæs</w></mentioned> в <oRef/> должен быть близок по значению к <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼaxʒæf"><w>k’ax</w></ref>, и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼaxʒæf"><w>xæsʒæfmæ</w></ref> должно означать буквально <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">по
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шагу</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">по следу</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">по пятам</q>. Если так, то <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>xæs</w></mentioned> сближается с хорошо известной индоевропейской базой <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">koḱṣa-</w>, <w>koḱṣo-</w></mentioned>, обозначающей по
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языкам различные части тела, в том числе ноги (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>611</biblScope></bibl>).<note type="footnote"><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">In the different Indo-Europ. languages the words
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belonging to this group have acquired the most divergent meanings</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
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<biblScope>34, s. v. <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w>kṣ̌ē</w></mentioned></biblScope></bibl>).</note> Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>kaš</w>
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<gloss><q>грудь</q>, <q>подмышка</q>, <q>пазуха</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>kaš</w>
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<gloss><q>подмышка</q>, <q>пазуха</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>kṣ̌ē</w></mentioned> (из <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><w>kaṣ̌e</w></mentioned>)
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<gloss><q>в</q>, <q>у</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">əpkaš-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>’pkš-</w></mentioned>) <gloss><q>бок</q></gloss></mentioned> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">upa-kaša-</w>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._VJ"/>
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<biblScope>90</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>kaša</w>
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<gloss><q>плечо</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>kakṣā-</w>
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<gloss><q>подмышка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>coxa</w>
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<gloss><q>бедро</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sga"><lang/>
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<w>coss</w>
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<gloss><q>нога</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="no"><lang/>
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<w>hase</w>
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<gloss><q>сухожилие над пяткой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Hesse</w>
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<gloss><q>коленный сгиб</q></gloss></mentioned>. Как видно из приведенных параллелей,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>xæs</w></mentioned> по значению примыкает не к индоиранскому, а к кельтскому и
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германскому и в семантическом плане должно рассматриваться как скифо-европейская
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изоглосса.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Should obviously be analyzed as <w>xæs-ʒæf</w>, where <w>ʒæf</w>
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<note type="comment">(from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæf"><w>cæf</w></ref>)</note>
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<gloss><q>a blow</q>, <q>a touch</q></gloss>. The difficulty is that the first part,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>xæs</w></mentioned>, is not used on its own and its meaning
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is unknown. It may be helpful to consider the parallel derivate <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼaxʒæf"><w>k’ax-ʒæf</w>
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<gloss><q>footstep</q></gloss></ref>, lit. <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">blow of leg
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(<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼaxʒæf"><w>k’ax</w></ref>)</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>620</biblScope></bibl>). The component <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>xæs</w></mentioned> in <oRef/> must be semantically close to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼaxʒæf"><w>k’ax</w></ref>, and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼaxʒæf"><w>xæsʒæfmæ</w></ref> must literally mean <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">in
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step</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">in trace</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">at the heels</q>. If so, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>xæs</w></mentioned> can be connected to the well-known Indo-European stem
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<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">koḱṣa-</w>, <w>koḱṣo-</w></mentioned>, which
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means various body parts in different languages, including the legs (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>611</biblScope></bibl>).<note type="footnote"><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">In the different Indo-Europ. languages the words
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belonging to this group have acquired the most divergent meanings</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
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<biblScope>34, s. v. <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w>kṣ̌ē</w></mentioned></biblScope></bibl>).</note> Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>kaš</w>
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<gloss><q>brease</q>, <q>armpit</q>, <q>bosom</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>kaš</w>
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<gloss><q>armpit</q>, <q>bosom</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>kṣ̌ē</w></mentioned> (from <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><w>kaṣ̌e</w></mentioned>)
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<gloss><q>in</q>, <q>at</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">əpkaš-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>’pkš-</w></mentioned>) <gloss><q>side</q></gloss></mentioned> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">upa-kaša-</w>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._VJ"/>
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<biblScope>90</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>kaša</w>
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<gloss><q>shoulder</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>kakṣā-</w>
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<gloss><q>armpit</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>coxa</w>
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<gloss><q>thigh</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sga"><lang/>
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<w>coss</w>
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<gloss><q>leg</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="no"><lang/>
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<w>hase</w>
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<gloss><q>tendon above heel</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Hesse</w>
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<gloss><q>knee bend</q></gloss></mentioned>. As seen from these examples, Ossetic
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<oRef>xæs</oRef> is semantically adjacent not to Indo-European, but to Celtic and
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Germanic and should, by its semantics, be viewed as a Scytho-European isogloss.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |