473 lines
No EOL
28 KiB
XML
473 lines
No EOL
28 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xīzyn_1</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_xīzyn_1" n="1" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="russian-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d5505e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>xīzyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>xyzt</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xezun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>xizt</orth></form></form>
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<sense n="1">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5505e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пасти</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>graze (sb.)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пастись</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>graze</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xīzæggag</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">плата за выпас</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">grazing fee</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<sense n="2">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>оберегать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>protect</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xī xīzyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">беречься</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">beware</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>остерегаться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>watch out</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>særxyzt</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">избегающий общества, общения</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">avoiding society, communication</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">оберегающий
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голову</q>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">protecting the
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head</q>)</note>
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</re>
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<sense n="3" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ждать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wait</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; и. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæsyn"/>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>ænqælmæ kæsyn</phr></mentioned> id</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; Iron <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæsyn"/>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>ænqælmæ kæsyn</phr></mentioned> id</note>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="1">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fos wal am mæ særmæ <oRef>xīzæd</oRef>
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wæzægyl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть стадо пасется пока надо мной на
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пригорке</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let the herd graze above my head on the
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hill</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>79</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">būr ajnæǵy byn <oRef>xīzync</oRef> ærtæ
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bæxy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">под бурой скалой пасутся три коня</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">three horses graze under a brown rock</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>69</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xīz</oRef> myn mæ wæryḱḱytæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">паси агнцев моих</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">feed my lambs</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Иоанн"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">21</hi> 15</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bon izærmæ <oRef>fæxyzta</oRef> læppū
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bæxy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с утра до вечера пас юноша коня</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from morning to evening the young man grazed
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the horse</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fonʒyssæʒ fysæn īw fys
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<oRef>xīzæggagyl</oRef> bafidydtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они договорились за выпас ста овец (уплатить)
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одну овцу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they agreed to (pay) one sheep for grazing a
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hundred sheep</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>27</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xizton</oRef> æz mæ ʒogæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я пас мое стадо</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I grazed my herd</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zældæbæl mæ razi <oRef>xiztæj</oRef> cid mæ
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bæx</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на траве передо мной пасся обычно мой конь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my horse used to graze on the grass in front of
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me</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="2">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">x˳ycaw <oRef>baxīzæd</oRef>, k˳y dæm fæxæram
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woj...</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">упаси боже, если они озлятся на тебя...</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">God forbid if they get mad at you...</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæxī <oRef>xīzūt</oRef>, cæmæj wæ maḱī
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fæsaja</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">берегитесь, чтобы кто не прельстил вас</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">take heed lest any man deceive you</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Марк"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">13</hi> 5</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qīlqūsægæj wæxī <oRef>xīzūt</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">берегитесь востроухого (= волка)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">beware of the sharp-eared (= wolf)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Песни чертей</q></biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Songs of the
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devils</q></biblScope>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 115</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Dysa bambærsta Maskʼajy fænd æmæ ʒy jæxī
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<oRef>xyzta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Дыса поняла намерения Маска и остерегалась
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его</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Dysa understood Maskʼs intentions and was wary
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of him</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>87</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kūryn... cæmæj sæ <oRef>baxīzaj</oRef>
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fydbylyzæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">молю... чтобы сохранил их от зла</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I pray... that thou shouldest keep them from
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the evil</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Иоанн"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">17</hi> 15</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="3">
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<example>
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||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæxwædtæ ba mæ <oRef>xezetæ</oRef>, aci
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fætkʼu caldænmæ ræzæ dædda waldænmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вы меня ждите, пока эта яблоня не даст
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плоды</q>
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</tr>
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||
<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you wait for me until this apple tree bears
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fruit</q>
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</tr>
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||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>baxiztoncæ</oRef>, calænmæ sæ limæn
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bafunæj æj</quote>
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||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они подождали, пока их приятель заснул</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they waited until their friend fell asleep</q>
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||
</tr>
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||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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||
<biblScope>47</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xezuncæ</oRef> næ ragæj</quote>
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||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
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||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они давно нас ждут</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they have been waiting for us</q>
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||
</tr>
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||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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||
<biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
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||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">avd særgin sagi ævžestæ aræ wærduni eftiǧd
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<oRef>xezʒænæncæ</oRef> wæ Saw xonxi ræbun</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">семь рогатых (<q>головастых</q>) оленей,
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запряженных в колесницу c серебряными оглоблями, будут ждать вас у подножья Черной
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горы</q>
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</tr>
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||
<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">seven horned (<q>headed</q>) deer harnessed to
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a chariot with silver shafts will be waiting for you at the foot of the Black
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Mountain</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>59<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">213—215</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xezuncæ</oRef> sæ radæ</quote>
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||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они ждут своей очереди</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they are waiting their turn</q>
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||
</tr>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</exampleGrp>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="ru">Вероятно, следует возводить к <hi rendition="#rend_superscript">1</hi><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">haiz-</w></mentioned>, опираясь на
|
||
следующие иранские факты: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>parhīxtan</w> : <w>parhiz-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>остерегаться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>parhīzkar</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>осторожный</q></gloss></mentioned> (= <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xīxizæg</w></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
||
<w>pahrēxtan</w> : <w>pahrēz-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>остерегаться</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>оберегать</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>заботиться</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>присматривать</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>parxēz-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>быть начеку</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ждать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
|
||
<biblScope>61—62</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
|
||
<biblScope>IXa 73</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">parxēz-</w> (<w>prxyz-</w>) <gloss><q>to protect</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>haez-</w></mentioned> в <mentioned xml:lang="ae">
|
||
<w>pāiri-haez-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>оберегать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>окружать заботой</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="comment"> (?)</note></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><phr>usihišta
|
||
pāiri-haezaŋuha yehe ząθīaeča vaxšaeča yaonəm daδāṯ Ahurō Mazdā̌</phr>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">встань, окружи заботой Того, для чьего
|
||
зарождения и роста Ахура Мазда создал материнское лоно</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>yaona-</w></mentioned> в данном тексте нет оснований отделять от <mentioned xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
|
||
<w>yoni-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>материнское лоно</q></gloss></mentioned> не только этимологически, но и по
|
||
значению.</note> — Индоевропейский прототип не просматривается. Возможно, по корню
|
||
родственно германской группе: <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="got"><lang/>
|
||
<w>saihʷan</w>
|
||
</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sehen</w></mentioned>
|
||
<gloss><q>смотреть</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Значения <q>пасти</q> — <q>оберегать</q> —
|
||
<q>ждать</q> объединяются понятием <q>наблюдать</q>, <q>присматривать</q> и т. п. В
|
||
семантических параллелях нет недостатка. <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>пасти</w> в диалектах означает также <gloss><q>оберегать</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>охранять</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><phr>упаси
|
||
боже</phr></mentioned> = <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<phr>x˳ycaw baxīzæd</phr></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>пастись</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>беречься</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>остерегаться</q></gloss><note type="bibl">
|
||
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
|
||
<biblScope>III 23</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="sl"><lang/>
|
||
<w>pásti</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>наблюдать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>подстерегать</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>пасти</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 322</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
||
<w>specto</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>смотрю</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>наблюдаю</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>exspecto</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>жду</q></gloss></mentioned>. В германском: <mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
|
||
<w>wardón</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>наблюдать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>беречь</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>охранять</q></gloss></mentioned> — <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>warten</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>ждать</q></gloss></mentioned> — <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>garder</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
|
||
<w>guardare</w> (из герм.) <gloss><q>наблюдать</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>оберегать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>стеречь</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. также
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
|
||
<w>saq-</w> (по диалектам) <gloss><q>наблюдать</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>стеречь</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ждать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
|
||
<biblScope>IV 241</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
|
||
<biblScope>395—396</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><w>küt-</w> (по
|
||
диалектам) <gloss><q>беречь’</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>пасти’</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>ждать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
|
||
<biblScope>312</biblScope></bibl>). — К осетинскому примыкает <mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><lang/>
|
||
<w>x́eža</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>смотреть</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>ждать’</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1952 XIV 3 488—493</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="en">Probably should be traced back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">haiz-</w></mentioned>, based on the following Iranian facts: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>parhīxtan</w> : <w>parhiz-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>beware</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>parhīzkar</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>careful</q></gloss></mentioned> (= <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xīxizæg</w></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
||
<w>pahrēxtan</w> : <w>pahrēz-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>beware</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>protect</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>take
|
||
care</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>look after</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>parxēz-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>be alert</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>wait</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
|
||
<biblScope>61—62</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
|
||
<biblScope>IXa 73</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">parxēz-</w> (<w>prxyz-</w>) <gloss><q>to protect</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>haez-</w></mentioned> in <mentioned xml:lang="ae">
|
||
<w>pāiri-haez-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>protect</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>surround with care</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="comment"> (?)</note></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><phr>usihišta
|
||
pāiri-haezaŋuha yehe ząθīaeča vaxšaeča yaonəm daδāṯ Ahurō Mazdā̌</phr>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">arise, surround with care the One for whose
|
||
birth and growth Ahura Mazda created the motherʼs womb</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>yaona-</w></mentioned> in this text has no reason to be separate from<mentioned xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
|
||
<w>yoni-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>motherʼs womb</q></gloss></mentioned> not only etymologically, but also
|
||
semantically.</note> — The Indo-European prototype is not visible. Possibly related to
|
||
the Germanic group: <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="got"><lang/>
|
||
<w>saihʷan</w>
|
||
</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sehen</w></mentioned>
|
||
<gloss><q>look</q></gloss></mentioned>. — The meanings <q>graze</q> — <q>protect</q> —
|
||
<q>wait</q> are united by the concept <q>observe</q>, <q>look after</q> etc. There is no
|
||
shortage of semantic parallels. <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>pasti</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>to herd</q></gloss> (in dialects) also means <gloss><q>protect</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>guard</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><phr>upasi
|
||
Bože</phr>
|
||
<gloss><q>God forbid</q></gloss></mentioned> = <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<phr>X˳ycaw baxīzæd</phr></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>pastisʼ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>beware</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>shun</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
|
||
<biblScope>III 23</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="sl"><lang/>
|
||
<w>pásti</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>observe</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>lie in wait</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>graze</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 322</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
||
<w>specto</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>I look</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>I observe</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>exspecto</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>I wait</q></gloss></mentioned>. In Germanic: <mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
|
||
<w>wardón</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>observe</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>take care</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>guard</q></gloss></mentioned> — <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>warten</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>wait</q></gloss></mentioned> — <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>garder</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
|
||
<w>guardare</w> (from Germ.) <gloss><q>observe</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>protect</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>guard</q></gloss></mentioned>. Consider also
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
|
||
<w>saq-</w> (in dialects) <gloss><q>observe</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>guard</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>wait</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
|
||
<biblScope>IV 241</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
|
||
<biblScope>395—396</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><w>küt-</w> (in
|
||
dialects) <gloss><q>cherish</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>graze</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>wait</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
|
||
<biblScope>312</biblScope></bibl>). — Adjacent to Ossetic is <mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><lang/>
|
||
<w>x́eža</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>look</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>wait</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1952 XIV 3 488—493</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |