abaev-xml/entries/abaev_aftid.xml
2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00

177 lines
No EOL
13 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">aftid</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_aftid" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231221T141411+0300" comment="checked"?>
<form xml:id="form_d3334e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>aftid</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
<form xml:id="form_d3334e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>afted</orth><form xml:id="form_d3334e71" type="variant"><orth>aftid</orth></form><form xml:id="form_d3334e73" type="variant"><orth>otid</orth></form></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3334e76">
<sense xml:id="sense_d3334e77">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>пустой</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>empty</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3334e86">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>попусту</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>in vain</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3334e95">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>только</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>only</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3334e105">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3334e107">
<quote><oRef>aftid</oRef> gollag qīl næ læwwy</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>порожний мешок не стоит стоймя</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>an empty bag does not stand upright</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
<biblScope>III 190</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3334e126">
<quote><oRef>aftid</oRef> xæʒar ū, xicaw yn næj</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>дом — пустой, нет у него хозяина</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>the house is empty, it has no owner</q>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3334e141">
<quote>īw bon k˳y wa, wæd dæ <oRef>aftid</oRef> armæj æmæ gom rīwæj
rarvītʒæn</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>в один прекрасный день он выгонит тебя с пустыми руками и непокрытой
грудью</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>one day he will kick you out empty-handed and
bare-<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231221T140840+0300" comment="breasted?"?>chested<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
<biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3334e160">
<quote>īw ʒævgar wat <oRef>aftidæj</oRef> azzad</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>некоторое время комната оставалась пустой</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>the room remained empty for a while</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
<biblScope>108</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3334e179" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote><oRef>aftidæj</oRef> sæ xæʒaræmæ ærizdaxtæncæ</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>с пустыми (руками) вернулись домой</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>they returned home empty-handed</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
<biblScope>2<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">11</hi></biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3334e202" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231221T140918+0300" comment="NB: значение &quot;совсем&quot;?"?>xwærz<?oxy_comment_end ?>
<oRef>aftid</oRef> būnat</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>совершенно пустое место</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>a completely empty place</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
<biblScope>1936 II 34</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Соответствие <oRef>aftid</oRef> | <oRef>otid</oRef> указывает на
связь с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftæ"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8ūtæ"/>
<gloss><q>так</q></gloss>. Значение <gloss><q>пустой</q></gloss> могло развиться
из значения <gloss><q>только</q></gloss>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3334e283" xml:id="mentioned_d3334e231" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>aftid kʼūltæ</w>
<gloss><q>пустые стены</q></gloss>, <gloss>собственно <q>только
стены</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>одни стены</q></gloss></mentioned>; в этом
случае связь <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftæ"><w>aftæ</w>
<gloss><q>так</q></gloss></ref> с <oRef/>
<gloss><q>только</q></gloss> может найти поддержку в других языках; ср.,
например, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3334e293" xml:id="mentioned_d3334e241" xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
<w>толь</w>
<gloss><q>столь</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>так</q></gloss></mentioned> и
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3334e308" xml:id="mentioned_d3334e256" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>только</w></mentioned>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftæ"/> : <oRef/>
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3334e315" xml:id="mentioned_d3334e263" xml:lang="orv"><w>толь</w></mentioned> : <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3334e320" xml:id="mentioned_d3334e268" xml:lang="ru"><w>только</w></mentioned>. Элемент <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-id</m></mentioned> можно сопоставить с таким же элементом
неопределенного значения в словах: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ægærid" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
<w>ægærid</w>
<gloss><q>вовсе</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cydær"><w>cydær-id-dær</w>
<gloss><q>что бы ни</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæmdær"><w>kæm-dær-id-dær</w></ref> и т. п., а также (по мнению Г.
<name>Ахвледиани</name>) в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūrs"><w>urs-urs-id</w>
<gloss><q>ярко-белый</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syrx"><w>syrx-syrx-id</w>
<gloss><q>ярко-красный</q></gloss></ref> и т. п.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">The correspondence <oRef>aftid</oRef> | <oRef>otid</oRef>
indicates a connection with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftæ"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8ūtæ"/>
<gloss><q>so</q></gloss>. The meaning <gloss><q>empty</q></gloss> could have
developed from the meaning <gloss><q>only</q></gloss>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3334e231" xml:id="mentioned_d3334e283" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>aftid kʼūltæ</w>
<gloss><q>empty walls</q></gloss></mentioned>, <gloss>literally <q>only
walls</q></gloss>; in this case the connection of <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftæ"><w>aftæ</w>
<gloss><q>so</q></gloss></ref> with <oRef>aftid</oRef>
<gloss><q>only</q></gloss> finds support in other languages; cf., for example,
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3334e241" xml:id="mentioned_d3334e293" xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
<w>tolʼ</w>
<gloss><q>so</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>in this way</q></gloss></mentioned> and
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3334e256" xml:id="mentioned_d3334e308" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>tolʼko</w>
<gloss><q>only</q></gloss></mentioned>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftæ"/> : <hi rendition="#rend_italic">aftid</hi><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3334e263" xml:id="mentioned_d3334e315" xml:lang="orv"><w>tolʼ</w></mentioned> : <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3334e268" xml:id="mentioned_d3334e320" xml:lang="ru"><w>tolʼko</w></mentioned>. The
element <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-id</m></mentioned> can be compared with the
same element of indefinite meaning in words: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ægærid" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
<w>ægærid</w>
<gloss><q>(not) at all</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cydær"><w>cydær-id-dær</w>
<gloss><q>whatever</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæmdær"><w>kæm-dær-id-dær</w></ref>, etc., and also (according to G.
<name>Аkhvlediani</name>) in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūrs"><w>urs-urs-id</w>
<gloss><q>dazzling white</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syrx"><w>syrx-syrx-id</w>
<gloss><q>dazzling red</q></gloss></ref>, etc.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>