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17 KiB
XML
255 lines
No EOL
17 KiB
XML
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">azar</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_azar" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240124T191735+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d2824e66" type="lemma"><orth>azar</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2824e69">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2824e70">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>terror</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>terror</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2824e79">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ужас</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>horror</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2824e88">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>страх</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>fear</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2824e97">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>напасть</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>misfortune</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2824e106">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>беда</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>trouble</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2824e128">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2824e130">
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<quote>dæw rwaǵy mæ cyppar ḱyzǵy fervæztysty zaliag kalmy
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<oRef>azaræj</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>благодаря тебе мои четыре дочери избавились от страха перед
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драконом</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thanks to you my four daughters got rid of their fear of the
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dragon</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>IV 136</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2824e149">
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<quote>Barsægatæ… fæsabyrdær kodtoj sæ <oRef>azar</oRef> (Kobetyl)</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Барсаговы ослабили свой террор (над фамилией Кобеевых)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>The Barsægatæ have weakened their terror (of the Kobetæ family)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>95</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2824e168">
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<quote>padcaxy <oRef>azaræj</oRef> tarstysty</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>боялись царской кары</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>they were afraid of the tsar’s punishment</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>172</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2824e187">
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<quote>adæmæn sæ mast sæxsyst æmæ sæ <oRef>azar</oRef> Uldany ’rdæm
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fæci</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>у народа закипела ярость, и их террор обрушился на Улдана</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the people’s wrath grew strong, and their terror fell upon Uldan</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>184</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2824e206" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>ramælʒænæn <oRef>azaræj</oRef>, ku fæwwon Cærugtæmæ cud</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>умру от ужаса, если пойду (замуж) к Царуговым</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I will die of horror if I go (in marriage) to the Tsærugtæ</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2824e251" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>Mussæ <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240124T185528+0300" comment="NB: fur"?>fur<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<oRef>azaræj</oRef> fæqqan æj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Мусса от страха повалился</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Moussa fell down in fear</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
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<biblScope>II 4</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2824e273" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>tuǧdmæ bacæwuni <oRef>azaræj</oRef>…</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>страшась пойти в бой…</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>fearing to go into battle…</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/>
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<biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2824e295" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote><oRef>azaræj</oRef> fæǧǧær laston…</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>в страхе я воскликнул…</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>in fear I exclaimed …</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sam."/>
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<biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2824e317">
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<quote>cy <oRef>azaræj</oRef> ærcydystut ūcy ranmæ?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>от какой беды (проклятия) вы дошли до этого положения?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>from what trouble (cause)
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240124T191328+0300" comment="a better translation would be "What caused you to…", but this is not literal enough (two clauses for one)"?>have
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you reached this state<?oxy_comment_end ?>?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>IV 80</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<re xml:id="re_d2824e116">
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<form xml:id="form_d2824e118" type="lemma"><orth>wælazar</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2824e121">
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<def xml:lang="ru">id.</def>
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<def xml:lang="en">id.</def>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<abv:example xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="example_d2824e229" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>tuxæ, <oRef>wælazar</oRef> ibæl make wæd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пусть не будет над ним ничьей силы и страха</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>may nobody’s power and terror be upon him</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 169</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</exampleGrp>
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</re>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Слово иранское (основа <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e426" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e339" xml:lang="ira"><w>zar-</w>
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<gloss><q>обижать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>огорчать</q></gloss></mentioned> с
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префиксом <m>a-</m>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e445" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e358" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ā-zar</w></mentioned>), но в осетинском стоит настолько изолированно, что
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должно быть рассматриваемо как усвоенное из персидского: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e450" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e363" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>āzār</w>
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<gloss><q>обида</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>огорчение</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>болезнь</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>мука</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e477" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e390" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>azar</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e482" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e395" xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>ʽazar</w></mentioned>. На иранской почве ср. также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e487" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e400" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">āzār</w> (<w>ʼʼz’r</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e493" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e406" xml:lang="sog"><w type="rec">āzārm</w> (<w>ʼʼzrm</w>)
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<gloss><q>оскорбление</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e499" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e412" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>āzār-</w>
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<gloss><q>оскорблять</q></gloss></mentioned>. Осетинский дает существенное
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смещение значения.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="1">Трудно согласиться с
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<name>Ваilеу</name>, который усматривает в <oRef>azar</oRef>
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira">гипотетический иранский глагол <w type="rec">zar-</w>
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<gloss><q>двигаться</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">1956, стр. 57, 60</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">1956, p. 57, 60</biblScope></bibl>). В семантике
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<oRef/> нет ничего, что указывало бы на <q>движение</q>.</note></etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The word is Iranian (the stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e339" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e426" xml:lang="ira"><w>zar-</w>
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<gloss><q>offend</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>grieve</q></gloss></mentioned> with
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the prefix <m>a-</m>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e358" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e445" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ā-zar</w></mentioned>), but in Ossetic it is so isolated that it should
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be viewed as adopted from Persian: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e363" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e450" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>āzār</w>
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<gloss><q>offense</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>grief</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>disease</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>torment</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e390" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e477" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>azar</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e395" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e482" xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>ʽazar</w></mentioned>. Within Iranian, cf. also <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e400" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e487" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">āzār</w> (<w>ʼʼz’r</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e406" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e493" xml:lang="sog"><w type="rec">āzārm</w> (<w>ʼʼzrm</w>)</mentioned>
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<gloss><q>insult</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2824e412" xml:id="mentioned_d2824e499" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>āzār-</w>
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<gloss><q>to offend</q></gloss></mentioned>. The Ossetic exhibits a
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significant shift in meaning.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="1">It is
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hard to agree with <name>Ваilеу</name>, who sees in <oRef/> a hypothetical
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Iranian verb <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zar-</w>
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<gloss><q>to move</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">1956, стр. 57, 6Э</biblScope>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">1956, p. 57,
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60</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. There is nothing in the
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semantics of <oRef/> to indicate <q>movementʼ</q></note></etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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||
</text>
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||
</TEI> |