233 lines
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22 KiB
XML
233 lines
No EOL
22 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">būr</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_būr" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d669e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>būr</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d669e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>bor</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d669e72">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d669e73">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>желтый</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>yellow</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d669e82">
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">также</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">also</note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>латунь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">также</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">also</note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>lattin</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d669e100">
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<form xml:id="form_d669e102" type="lemma"><orth>ajčy būr</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d669e105">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>желток</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>egg-yolk</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d669e116">
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<form xml:id="form_d669e118" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>būrxor</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d669e121" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>borxwar</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d669e124">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>просо</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>millet</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d669e136">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d669e138">
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<quote>fæbūr væjjy don</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>река (весной) становится желтоватой</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the river becomes yellowish (in spring)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d669e157">
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<quote>būrqūs wærykk — dæ kūvinag</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>желтоухий ягненок — тебе на жертвоприношение</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>here is a yellow-eared lamb for you to sacrifice</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>II
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103</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d669e176">
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<quote>ærkæn myn dywwæ læǵy, sawxīl læg æmæ būrxīl læg</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>приведи мне двух человек, черноволосого и русоволосого</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bring two men to me, black-haired and fair-haired</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d669e195">
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<quote>būr ḱyzg</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">русая (златокудрая) девушка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">fair (golden-haired) girl</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>IV 49
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сл.</biblScope></bibl>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/><biblScope>84
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сл.</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d669e220" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>omæn æ mædægæ boræ næl fus ævgarst æj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>внутри (в доме) зарезан желтый баран</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>inside (in the house) a yellow ram is slaughtered</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/><biblScope>49</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d669e243" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>omi ba budtæj sawcæstæ, borxelæ kizgæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>там сидела черноглазая, русоволосая девушка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>there was a black-eyed, fair-haired girl</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>16%l7%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Неотделимо, с одной стороны, от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e464" xml:id="mentioned_d669e268" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>бурый</w></mentioned>, с другой — от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e469" xml:id="mentioned_d669e273" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>būr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e474" xml:id="mentioned_d669e278" xml:lang="fa"><w>bōr</w>
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<gloss><q>бурый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e480" xml:id="mentioned_d669e284" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>рыжый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e486" xml:id="mentioned_d669e290" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e493" xml:id="mentioned_d669e297" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>bər</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e498" xml:id="mentioned_d669e302" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>vūr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e503" xml:id="mentioned_d669e307" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>vūr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e508" xml:id="mentioned_d669e312" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>vur</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андреев._Ягн."/><biblScope>349</biblScope></bibl>). Вместе с ними восходит к старому
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субстратному евразиатскому слову, представленному в различных языковых группах;
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в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e517" xml:id="mentioned_d669e321" xml:lang="gem"><lang/>
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<w>*brūn</w>
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<gloss><q>коричневый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e526" xml:id="mentioned_d669e330" xml:lang="gem"><w>*bero</w>
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<gloss><q>медведь</q></gloss></mentioned> и др.; в тюрко-монгольских:
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e532" xml:id="mentioned_d669e336" xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
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<w>boro</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e537" xml:id="mentioned_d669e341" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>bora</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e542" xml:id="mentioned_d669e346" xml:lang="trk"><w>boro</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e545" xml:id="mentioned_d669e349" xml:lang="trk"><w>boz</w>
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<gloss><q>цвета земли</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e551" xml:id="mentioned_d669e355" xml:lang="trk"><w/>
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<gloss><q>серый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e558" xml:id="mentioned_d669e362" xml:lang="trk"><w>qəzəl-boz</w>
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<gloss><q>рыжий, буланый (о лошади)</q></gloss></mentioned>; в кавказских:
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e564" xml:id="mentioned_d669e368" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>burǧwa</w>
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<gloss><q>темно-рыжий (бык)</q></gloss></mentioned>’, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e572" xml:id="mentioned_d669e376" xml:lang="agx"><lang/>
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<w>buref</w>
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<gloss><q>серый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e580" xml:id="mentioned_d669e384" xml:lang="agx"><w/>
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<gloss><q>коричневый</q></gloss></mentioned> и др.; с перебоем <hi rendition="#rend_italic">b</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">m</hi> ср.
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ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_moræ"/> ‘коричневый’, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e588" xml:id="mentioned_d669e392" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>mura</w>
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<gloss><q>бурый</q></gloss></mentioned>. Слово несомненно бытовало в <hi rendition="#rend_bold">скифском</hi>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e597" xml:id="mentioned_d669e401" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
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<w>Βορυς</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e602" xml:id="mentioned_d669e406" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Βωρακυς</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">= <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bor</hi> +
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суффикс -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ak</hi></note></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e607" xml:id="mentioned_d669e411" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Βορασπος</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">= <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bor-asp</hi> „имеющий буланых
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коней“</note></mentioned> (см. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>161</biblScope></bibl>). Судя по тому, что оно служит в
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осетинском эпитетом божества огня <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Būr</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Ærtxuron</hi>, а также эпонимом виднейшей
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нартовской фамилии в эпосе (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_Būræfærnyg"/>), слово
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было связано с примитивными религиозно-мифологическими представлениями. Входит
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составной частью во множество слов: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būrxīl"/>
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‘блондин’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būlæmærǧ"/> ‘соловей’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būrdym"/> название птицы („желтохвостая“), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būræqæd"/> ‘крушина (растение)’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būrʒalæg"/> название растения, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būrxor"/> ‘просо’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Būrxoraly"/>
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‘божество урожая’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Būræfærnyg"/> один из видных
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героев нартовского эпоса, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būræmæz"/> ‘чудесный
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клей’ (в эпосе), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būrænælfys"/> ‘желтый баран’ (в
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мифологических песнях).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 33, III 80</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>6</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>161</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">On one side, the word is unseparable from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e268" xml:id="mentioned_d669e464" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>buryj</w></mentioned>, one the other side — from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e273" xml:id="mentioned_d669e469" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>būr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e278" xml:id="mentioned_d669e474" xml:lang="fa"><w>bōr</w>
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<gloss><q>fulvous</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e284" xml:id="mentioned_d669e480" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>red</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e290" xml:id="mentioned_d669e486" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e297" xml:id="mentioned_d669e493" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>bər</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e302" xml:id="mentioned_d669e498" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>vūr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e307" xml:id="mentioned_d669e503" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>vūr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e312" xml:id="mentioned_d669e508" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>vur</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андреев._Ягн."/><biblScope>349</biblScope></bibl>). Together with these, the word
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traces back to an old substrate Euro-Asiatic word which is found in various
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language groups; in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e321" xml:id="mentioned_d669e517" xml:lang="gem"><lang/>
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<w>*brūn</w>
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<gloss><q>brown</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e330" xml:id="mentioned_d669e526" xml:lang="gem"><w>*bero</w>
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<gloss><q>bear</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.; in Turkic-Mongolian <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e336" xml:id="mentioned_d669e532" xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
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<w>boro</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e341" xml:id="mentioned_d669e537" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>bora</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e346" xml:id="mentioned_d669e542" xml:lang="trk"><w>boro</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e349" xml:id="mentioned_d669e545" xml:lang="trk"><w>boz</w>
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<gloss><q>of colour of the ground</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e355" xml:id="mentioned_d669e551" xml:lang="trk"><w/>
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<gloss><q>grey</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e362" xml:id="mentioned_d669e558" xml:lang="trk"><w>qəzəl-boz</w>
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<gloss><q>cream-coloured</q></gloss></mentioned>; in Caucasian: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e368" xml:id="mentioned_d669e564" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>burǧwa</w>
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<gloss><q>dark-red (bull)</q></gloss></mentioned>’, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e376" xml:id="mentioned_d669e572" xml:lang="agx"><lang/>
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<w>buref</w>
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<gloss><q>grey</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e384" xml:id="mentioned_d669e580" xml:lang="agx"><w/>
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<gloss><q>brown</q></gloss></mentioned> etc; with the transition <hi rendition="#rend_italic">b</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">m</hi> cf.
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Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_moræ"/> ‘brown’, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e392" xml:id="mentioned_d669e588" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>mura</w>
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<gloss><q>fulvous</q></gloss></mentioned>. The word was undoubtedly in usage
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in <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Scythian</hi>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e401" xml:id="mentioned_d669e597" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
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<w>Βορυς</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e406" xml:id="mentioned_d669e602" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Βωρακυς</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"><hi rendition="#rend_italic">bor</hi> +
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suffix -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ak</hi></note></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d669e411" xml:id="mentioned_d669e607" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Βορασπος</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"><hi rendition="#rend_italic">bor-asp</hi> „having cream-coloured
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horses“</note></mentioned> (см. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>161</biblScope></bibl>). Judging by the
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fact that in Ossetic it serves as an epitet for the fire deity <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Būr</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Ærtxuron</hi>
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and also as an eponym of the eminent Nart family name in eops ( <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Būræfærnyg"/>), the word was connected with primitive
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religious-mythological representations. It is found in a great number of words:
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_būrxīl"/> ‘blond’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būlæmærǧ"/> ‘nightingale’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būrdym"/> bird's name ("yellow-tailed"), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būræqæd"/> ‘buckthorn (plant)’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būrʒalæg"/> plant's name, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būrxor"/> ‘millet’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Būrxoraly"/> ‘deity of harvest’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Būræfærnyg"/> one of the
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eminent heroes of the Nart epos, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būræmæz"/>
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‘miraculous glue’ (in epos), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būrænælfys"/> ‘yellow
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ram’ (in mythological songs).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 33, III
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80</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>6</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>161</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |