abaev-xml/entries/abaev_kūryn.xml
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<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kūryn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_kūryn" xml:lang="os">
<form xml:id="form_d3051e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>kūryn</orth><form xml:id="form_d3051e68" type="participle"><orth>k˳yrd</orth></form></form>
<form xml:id="form_d3051e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>korun</orth><form xml:id="form_d3051e73" type="participle"><orth>kurd</orth></form></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3051e76"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>просить</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>ask</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<re xml:id="re_d3051e86">
<form xml:id="form_d3051e88" type="lemma"><orth>us kūryn</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3051e91"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>сватать жену</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>propose smb. to smb. as a wife</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3051e102">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3051e104">
<quote>Satana rak˳yrdta Æfsatījæ wadynʒ</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>Шатана выпросила у Афсати свирель</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>Shatan obtained a flute by persistent asking from Afsati</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/><biblScope>135</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3051e123">
<quote>īw bon Azawmæ kūræg ærcydysty Bīganatæ</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>однажды пришли свататься к Азау Бигановы</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>once the Biganovs came to ask Azau in marriage</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/><biblScope>44</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3051e142">
<quote>kūrǵytæ jæ bīræ īs ænæ symax dær, fælæ jæ nīkæmæn dæddyn</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>к ней и без вас многие сватаются, но я никому ее не отдаю</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>and without you there are many people who ask her in marriage, but I
dont give her to anyone</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/><biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<re xml:id="re_d3051e163">
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">Во второй части сложных слов (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">-gūr</hi> |
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">-gor</hi>) ‘просящий’: </note>
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">In the second part of composite words
(<hi rendition="#rend_italic">-gūr</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-gor</hi>) asking: </note>
<re xml:id="re_d3051e171">
<form xml:id="form_d3051e173" type="lemma"><orth>mæg˳yrgūr</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3051e176"><sense xml:id="sense_d3051e177"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>просящий по бедности</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>begging out of poverty</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3051e186"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>нищий</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>beggar</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d3051e197">
<form xml:id="form_d3051e199" type="lemma"><orth>usgūr</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3051e202"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>жених</q>
</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (сватающий
жену)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (the one who asks a
woman in marriage)</note><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>groom</q>
</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (сватающий
жену)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (the one who asks a
woman in marriage)</note></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d3051e221">
<form xml:id="form_d3051e223" type="lemma"><orth>kæxcgūr</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3051e226"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>собирающий подарки на праздник <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">kæxc</hi></q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>the one, who collects gifts for the holiday% skæxc%s</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d3051e238">
<form xml:id="form_d3051e240" type="lemma"><orth>lævargūr</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3051e243"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>собирающий подарки</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>the one who collects gifts</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d3051e255">
<form xml:id="form_d3051e257" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>kūrdiad</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d3051e260" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>iskurdiadæ</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3051e263"><sense xml:id="sense_d3051e264"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>дар</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>gift</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3051e273"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>дарование</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>talent</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3051e282"><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">буквально</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">literally</note><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>испрошенное (у богов)</q>
</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">буквально</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">literally</note><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>asked (from the gods)</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3051e300">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3051e302">
<quote>dæ q˳yddag mænæn kūrdiad ū</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>твое дело мне даровано свыше</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>your work is bestowed upon me from above</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>II
77</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3051e321" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>Soslanæn iskurdiadæ adtæj ma rakurdta Xucawæj, ali fædesi dær in
racæwun baræ kud adtajdæ otæ</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>у Сослана был дар испрошения, и он выпросил у Бога, чтобы при
всякой тревоге он имел право выйти (на тревогу)</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>Soslan had the gift of begging, and he begged from God that with
any alarm he had the right to go out (to react to the alarm)</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
22</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
</re>
<etym xml:lang="ru">В глаголах <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kūryn</hi> ‘просить’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_agūryn"/> (← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*a-kur-</hi>) ‘искать’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_g0yryn"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_igurun"/>
(<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*vi-kur-</hi>) ‘возникать’, ‘рождаться’ распознается один и тот же корень
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-</hi>. Медиально он означал ‘возникать’, ‘появляться’ (ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_igurun"/>); активно — ‘стремиться к появлению чего-либо’, с
помощью испрашивания (ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kūryn</hi>) или поисков (ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_agūryn"/>). Для <ref type="xr" target="#entry_igurun"/>
‘рождаться’ ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e462" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e360" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w>*wi-kor-(wkwr)</w>
<gloss><q>родня</q></gloss></mentioned>, а также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e470" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e368" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>kurrak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e475" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e373" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>kurrah</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e480" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e378" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>kur</w>
<gloss><q>жеребенок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e488" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e386" xml:lang="ku"><w/>
<gloss><q>осленок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e495" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e393" xml:lang="ku"><w/>
<gloss><q>верблюжонок</q></gloss></mentioned> („рожденный“). В значении
‘действовать, чтобы вызвать к жизни’ (ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kūryn</hi> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_agūryn"/>) ср., может быть, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e503" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e401" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>hakurəna-</w>
<gloss><q>содействие</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_g0yppyr"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">guppur</hi> ‘выдающийся’, вопреки <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Ваilеу</hi>, не
имеет сюда отношения. Как видно из семантики слова <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kūrdiat"/>(<hi rendition="#rend_bold">kūrdiad</hi>), глагол <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kūryn</hi> мог иметь значение
‘колдовства’, ‘чародейства’: „испрашивать с помощью заклинаний“. Возможна связь
с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒūryn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒorun</hi> ‘говорить’. Дальнейшее не
ясно. Сближение с др.инд. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kir-</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kar-</hi> ‘прославлять’, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">karu-</hi> ‘певец’,
‘славословящий’ (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 59</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр.
329</biblScope></bibl>)
невозможно как по звуковым, так и семантическим соображениям. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_agūryn"/> ‘искать’ и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_g0yryn"/>
| <ref type="xr" target="#entry_igurun"/> ‘рождаться’, ‘возникать’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/></bibl>, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">XIV 493
сл.</biblScope></bibl>
<bibl><author>Bailey</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">1953, стр. 115 сл.</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">The same root <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-</hi> is recognized in the following verbs:
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kūryn</hi> ask, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_agūryn"/> (← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*a-kur-</hi>) seek,
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_g0yryn"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_igurun"/> ← (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*vi-kur-</hi>) appear, be born. This root
meant arise, appear in the medial voice (Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_igurun"/>); in the active voice it meant strive for the
appearance of something, by means of asking (Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kūryn</hi>) or seeking
(Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_agūryn"/>). For <ref type="xr" target="#entry_igurun"/> be born cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e360" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e462" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w>*wi-kor-(wkwr)</w>
<gloss><q>relatives</q></gloss></mentioned>, and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e368" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e470" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>kurrak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e373" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e475" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>kurrah</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e378" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e480" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>kur</w>
<gloss><q>foal</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e386" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e488" xml:lang="ku"><w/>
<gloss><q>young of donkey</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e393" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e495" xml:lang="ku"><w/>
<gloss><q>young of camel</q></gloss></mentioned> („born“). In the meaning
act in order to bring to life (Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kūryn</hi> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_agūryn"/>) cf., possibly, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3051e401" xml:id="mentioned_d3051e503" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>hakurəna-</w>
<gloss><q>assistance</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_g0yppyr"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">guppur</hi> outstanding, contrary to
<hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Ваilеу</hi>, is not related. As can be seen from the semantics of the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kūrdiat"/>(<hi rendition="#rend_bold">kūrdiad</hi>), the verb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kūryn</hi> could
have meant witchcraft, sorcery: „ask by means of incantations“. It might be
related to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒūryn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒorun</hi> say. The later
is not clear. The connection to Old Indic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kir-</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kar-</hi> make famous,
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">karu-</hi> singer, praising (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 59</biblScope></bibl>;
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">p.
329</biblScope></bibl>) is impossible because of both phonetic and
semantic reasons. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_agūryn"/> seek and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_g0yryn"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_igurun"/>
be born, arise.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/></bibl>,
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">XIV 493
ff.</biblScope></bibl><bibl><author>Bailey</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">1953, p. 115
ff.</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<note type="internal">здесь странный курдиад</note>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
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