abaev-xml/entries/abaev_k0yrd.xml
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k0yrd</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<entry xml:id="entry_k0yrd" xml:lang="os">
<form xml:id="form_d20e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>k˳yrd</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d20e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kurd</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d20e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>кузнец</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>smith</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<re xml:id="re_d20e82">
<re xml:id="re_d20e84">
<form xml:id="form_d20e86" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>zærīnǧ˳yrd</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d20e89" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>zæringurd</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d20e92"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>златокузнец</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>goldsmith</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d20e103">
<form xml:id="form_d20e105" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ærx˳yg˳yrd</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d20e108" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ærxugurd</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d20e111"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>медник</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>copper-smith</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d20e122">
<form xml:id="form_d20e124" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>fsæng˳yrd</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d20e127" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æfsængurd</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d20e130"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>кузнец по железу</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>blacksmith</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
</re>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d20e142">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d20e144">
<quote>k˳yrd k˳yrdyl ax˳yr kæny</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>кузнец учится у кузнеца</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>a blacksmith learns from a blacksmith</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
213</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">О древности кузнечного дела у осетин см.
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>52-53,
65</biblScope></bibl>.</note>
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">About the antiquity of Ossetic blacksmith's work
see <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>52-53,
65</biblScope></bibl>.</note>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Может быть, из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-ta-</hi> или <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-tar-</hi>, nomen agentis от
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-</hi> ‘топить’, калить’ и пр. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e303" xml:id="mentioned_d20e181" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>kūdayati</w>
<gloss><q>палит</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d20e189" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
<gloss><q>жжет</q></gloss><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (из
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kurd-</hi>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e311" xml:id="mentioned_d20e197" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>kʼrakʼ</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (из
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-ak</hi>)</note>
<gloss><q>огонь</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/><biblScope>462</biblScope></bibl>),[[<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e325" xml:id="mentioned_d20e211" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>küra</w>
<gloss><q>кузнечный горн</q></gloss></mentioned> относится, вероятно, сюда
же, и его вряд ли основательно связывать с арабским (будто бы от араб. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kawr-</hi>
‘скручивать’!); скорее арабское из персидского. Арм. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k'rak'</hi> может быть
заимствованием из ср.иран. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kurak</hi>.]] <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e333" xml:id="mentioned_d20e220" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w n="0">курити</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e339" xml:id="mentioned_d20e226" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>курить</w></mentioned> (для семантики ср. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">винокур</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">курная изба</hi>
‘изба с открытым очагом’, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">курень</hi> ‘место выжига угля’ и др.), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e344" xml:id="mentioned_d20e231" xml:lang="sl"><lang/>
<w>kuriti</w>
<gloss><q>разжигать огонь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e352" xml:id="mentioned_d20e239" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>kurti</w>
<gloss><q>топить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e360" xml:id="mentioned_d20e247" xml:lang="lt"><w/>
<gloss><q>разжигать огонь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e366" xml:id="mentioned_d20e253" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
<w>hauri</w>
<gloss><q>уголь</q></gloss></mentioned>. Восстанавливать следует и.е.
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*keur-</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-</hi>, а не <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ker</hi>, вопреки <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">(571
сл.)</biblScope></bibl>. —
Сюда же, вероятно, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e380" xml:id="mentioned_d20e267" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w n="0">кръчии</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e385" xml:id="mentioned_d20e273" xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
<w>корчий</w>
<gloss><q>кузнец</q></gloss></mentioned> (отсюда <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Корчев</hi> древнерусское
название города Керчи, буквально „Кузнецк“); <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*кърч-</hi> из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-tyo-</hi>? Связь
c <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e393" xml:id="mentioned_d20e281" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>kar-</w>
<gloss><q>делать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Fick"/><biblScope>I 24, 384</biblScope></bibl>. —
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Berneker"/><biblScope>671</biblScope></bibl>) менее правдоподобна. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_K0yrdalægon"/>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">It may be from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-ta-</hi> or <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-tar-</hi>, nomen agentis from
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-</hi> stoke, heat etc. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e181" xml:id="mentioned_d20e303" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>kūdayati</w>
<gloss><q>is burning</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e197" xml:id="mentioned_d20e311" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>kʼrakʼ</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (from
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-ak</hi>)</note>
<gloss><q>fire</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/><biblScope>462</biblScope></bibl>),[[<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e211" xml:id="mentioned_d20e325" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>küra</w>
<gloss><q>forge</q></gloss></mentioned> is probably related to it as well,
and it should not be related to Arabic (as if from Arabic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kawr-</hi> twist!);
it is more probable that the Arabic word is from Persian. Armenian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k'rak'</hi>
may have been borrowed from Middle Iranian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kurak</hi>.]] <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e220" xml:id="mentioned_d20e333" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>kuriti</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e226" xml:id="mentioned_d20e339" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>kuritʼ</w></mentioned> (for the semantics cf. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">винокур</hi>, %iкурная
изба<hi rendition="#rend_italic"> hut heated by a chimneyless stove, </hi>курень%i coal burning place
etc.), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e231" xml:id="mentioned_d20e344" xml:lang="sl"><lang/>
<w>kuriti</w>
<gloss><q>light the fire</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e239" xml:id="mentioned_d20e352" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>kurti</w>
<gloss><q>stoke</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e247" xml:id="mentioned_d20e360" xml:lang="lt"><w/>
<gloss><q>light the fire</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e253" xml:id="mentioned_d20e366" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
<w>hauri</w>
<gloss><q>coal</q></gloss></mentioned>. The Indo-European forms <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*keur-</hi>,
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-</hi> should be reconstructed, not <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ker</hi>, contrary to <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">(571 ff.)</biblScope></bibl>. —
The following words are related to it as well: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e267" xml:id="mentioned_d20e380" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>krъčii</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e273" xml:id="mentioned_d20e385" xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
<w>корчий</w>
<gloss><q>blacksmith</q></gloss></mentioned> (Old Russian name for the Kerch
city <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Корчев</hi> is from it,literally “blacksmith town“); is <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*кърч-</hi> from
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kur-tyo-</hi>? The relation to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d20e281" xml:id="mentioned_d20e393" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>kar-</w>
<gloss><q>do</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Fick"/><biblScope>I 24, 384</biblScope></bibl>. —
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Berneker"/><biblScope>671</biblScope></bibl>) is less plausible. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_K0yrdalægon"/>.</etym>
</entry>
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