220 lines
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23 KiB
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220 lines
No EOL
23 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_kad" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d1029e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>kad</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1029e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kadæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1029e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d1029e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>слава</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>glory</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1029e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>почесть</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>honour</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d1029e92">
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<re xml:id="re_d1029e94">
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<form xml:id="form_d1029e96" type="lemma"><orth>kadǵyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1029e99"><sense xml:id="sense_d1029e100"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>славный</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>famous</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1029e109"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>чтимый</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>honoured</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d1029e120">
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<form xml:id="form_d1029e122" type="lemma"><orth>ægad</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1029e125"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>бесславный</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>infamous</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1029e137">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1029e139">
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<quote>fydælty kad</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>слава предков</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the glory of the ancestors</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>22</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1029e158">
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<quote>dæ nomyl, dæ kadyl næ baryn mæxt</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>с твоим именем, твоей славой я себя не равняю</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I don't equate myself with your name, your glory</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1029e177">
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<quote>kadmæ bælgæjæ ægadæj mælæm</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>стремясь к славе, мы погибаем в бесславии</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>striving for glory, we perish in shame</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1029e196" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>ka din ne skænʒænæj kadæ?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>кто не воздаст тебе почестей?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>кто не воздаст тебе почестей?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Wadž."/><biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к иран. *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kāta-</hi>. Лексикализованное причастие от не
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сохранившегося в осетинском глагола *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kay-</hi>, *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">čay-</hi> ‘воздавать должное’ и
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пр., и.е. *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">k˳ei-</hi> с исходным значением ‘смотреть’, ‘обращать внимание’
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/><biblScope>636
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сл.</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e450" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e226" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>kay-</w>
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<gloss><q>воздавать должное</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e458" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e234" xml:lang="ae"><w>kava-</w>
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<gloss><q>воздаяние</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e464" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e240" xml:lang="ae"><w>kāta-</w></mentioned> в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xratu-kāta-</hi> ‘прославленный мудростью’,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e467" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e243" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>čāyati</w>
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<gloss><q>оказывает внимание</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e476" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e252" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>чтит</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e482" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e258" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>čayate</w>
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<gloss><q>воздает</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e488" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e264" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>мстит</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e494" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e270" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w n="0">каяти ся</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e499" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e276" xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
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<w>каяти</w>
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<gloss><q>мстить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e507" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e284" xml:lang="sr"><lang/>
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<w>kajati</w>
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<gloss><q>мстить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e516" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e293" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>каяться</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e521" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e298" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w n="0">чаяти</w>
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<gloss><q>ждать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e529" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e307" xml:lang="cu"><w/>
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<gloss><q>надеяться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e535" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e313" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>τἰω</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e540" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e318" xml:lang="grc"><w>τείω</w>
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<gloss><q>ценю</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e546" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e324" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
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<gloss><q>чту</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e553" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e331" xml:lang="grc"><w>τιμή</w>
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<gloss><q>почесть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e559" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e337" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
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<gloss><q>воздаяние</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Этот же корень наличен в ос.
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_cyt"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">citæ</hi> ‘почет’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævǵīd"/> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv-gīd</hi>) ‘порука’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kīnæ"/> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kenæ"/>) ‘месть’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_koj"/> ‘молва’ (отношение <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">koj</hi> такое
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же, как <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ancad</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æncoj</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fællad</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fælloj</hi>). — Отношение
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перечисленных слов к их предполагаемым исходным формам представляется в
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следующем виде:%n<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kata-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">koj</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kan(у)а-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">kīnæ</hi> ←
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kaina-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">(æv)ǵīd</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">(аbi)kaita-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">cyt</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">čiva-</hi>Производным от
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> является, по-видимому, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kadæg"/>
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‘героическая сага’, ‘былина’. — <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/><biblScope>XIII 396</biblScope></bibl>) относит
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сюда же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e582" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e360" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(из иран.) </note><w>nkʼ atʼ(*ni-kata)</w>
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<gloss><q>внимание</q></gloss></mentioned> и привлекает также собственное
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имя, встречающееся на кушанских монетах, — <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Kadphises</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Каdaphes</hi> из
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kāta-paisa</hi> ‘славного вида’ (ср. по образованию Σπαργαπίσης, Ἀριαπείυης:
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>175</biblScope></bibl>). — С ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> связаны, по-видимому,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e596" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e374" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>kad-eba</w>
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<gloss><q>хвастать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e605" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e383" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
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<gloss><q>хвастовство</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e611" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e389" xml:lang="ka"><w>kad-ili</w>
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<gloss><q>хвастовство</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e617" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e395" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
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<gloss><q>предмет гордости</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e623" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e401" xml:lang="ka"><w>kad-il-oba</w>
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<gloss><q>гордиться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e629" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e407" xml:lang="ka"><w>si-kad-uli</w>
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<gloss><q>слава</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e635" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e413" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
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<gloss><q>гордость</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e642" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e420" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>kad</w>
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<gloss><q>приз</q></gloss></mentioned> также сближается с осетинским (%bГ е
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н к о, ЗКВ V 722%b). — Другие этимологии: Шегрен (84) — араб. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qadr</hi> ‘цена’,
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‘достоинство’; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>(II 49)</biblScope></bibl>: „м.б. сближается с авест.
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kāta-</hi> ‘любимый’, ‘любящий’, прич. страд. от <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kā-</hi> ‘желать’“. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kadæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_koj"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kīnæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cyt"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævǵīd"/>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It traces back to Iranian *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kāta-</hi>. It is a lexicalized
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participle from not preserved Ossetic verb *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kay-</hi>, *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">čay-</hi> ‘to give due’
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etc., Indo-European *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">k˳ei-</hi> with the initial meaning ‘to look’, ‘to pay
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attention’ (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/><biblScope>636
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сл.</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e226" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e450" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>kay-</w>
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<gloss><q>to give due</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e234" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e458" xml:lang="ae"><w>kava-</w>
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<gloss><q>requitak</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e240" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e464" xml:lang="ae"><w>kāta-</w></mentioned> в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xratu-kāta-</hi> ‘glorified by wisdom’,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e243" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e467" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>čāyati</w>
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<gloss><q>(he) favours</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e252" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e476" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>(he) honours</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e258" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e482" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>čayate</w>
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<gloss><q>(he) gives (due)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e264" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e488" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>to take revenge</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e270" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e494" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>kajti sę</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e276" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e499" xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
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<w>каяти</w>
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<gloss><q>to take revenge</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e284" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e507" xml:lang="sr"><lang/>
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<w>kajati</w>
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<gloss><q>to take revenge</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e293" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e516" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>kajatʼsja</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e298" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e521" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>čajati</w>
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<gloss><q>to wait</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e307" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e529" xml:lang="cu"><w/>
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<gloss><q>to hope</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e313" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e535" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>τἰω</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e318" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e540" xml:lang="grc"><w>τείω</w>
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<gloss><q>(I) value</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e324" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e546" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
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<gloss><q>(I) honour</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e331" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e553" xml:lang="grc"><w>τιμή</w>
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<gloss><q>honour</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e337" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e559" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
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<gloss><q>requital</q></gloss></mentioned>. — The same root is found in
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Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cyt"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">citæ</hi> ‘respect’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævǵīd"/> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv-gīd</hi>) ‘bail’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kīnæ"/> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kenæ"/>) ‘revenge’,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_koj"/> ‘rumour’ (the relation <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> ||
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">koj</hi> is the same as <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ancad</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æncoj</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fællad</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fælloj</hi>). — The
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relation between the words listed above and their assumed initial forms is as
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follows:%n<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kata-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">koj</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kan(у)а-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">kīnæ</hi> ←
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kaina-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">(æv)ǵīd</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">(аbi)kaita-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">cyt</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">čiva-</hi>The word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kadæg"/> ‘героическая сага’, ‘былина’ is apparently
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derived from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi>. — <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/><biblScope>XIII 396</biblScope></bibl>) attributes to this root
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e360" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e582" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(from Iranian) </note><w>nkʼ atʼ(*ni-kata)</w>
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<gloss><q>attention</q></gloss></mentioned>, he also appeals to a proper
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name, which can be encountered on Kushan coins, — <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Kadphises</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Каdaphes</hi>
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from *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kāta-paisa</hi> ‘glorious’ (cf. on derivation Σπαργαπίσης, Ἀριαπείυης:
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>175</biblScope></bibl>). —Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> is apparently related
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to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e374" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e596" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>kad-eba</w>
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<gloss><q>to boast</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e383" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e605" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
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<gloss><q>boasting</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e389" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e611" xml:lang="ka"><w>kad-ili</w>
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<gloss><q>boasting</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e395" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e617" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
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<gloss><q>boast</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e401" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e623" xml:lang="ka"><w>kad-il-oba</w>
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<gloss><q>to be proud</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e407" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e629" xml:lang="ka"><w>si-kad-uli</w>
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<gloss><q>fame</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e413" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e635" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
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<gloss><q>pride</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e420" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e642" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
|
||
<w>kad</w>
|
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<gloss><q>prize</q></gloss></mentioned> is also thought of as close to
|
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Ossetic (<hi rendition="#rend_bold">Г е н к о, ЗКВ V 722%b). — Other etymologies: %bШегрен</hi> (84) —
|
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Arabic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qadr</hi> ‘price’, ‘dignity’; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>(II 49)</biblScope></bibl>: „it
|
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might be close to Avestian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kāta-</hi> ‘favourite’, ‘loving’, a passive participle
|
||
from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kā-</hi> ‘to wish’“. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kadæg"/>,<ref type="xr" target="#entry_koj"/>,<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kīnæ"/>,<ref type="xr" target="#entry_cyt"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævǵīd"/>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |