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13 KiB
XML
174 lines
No EOL
13 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">mænæw</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_mænæw" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<form xml:id="form_d3127e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>mænæw</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3127e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>mænæwæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3127e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d3127e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пшеница</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wheat</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3127e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Triticum</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Triticum</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d3127e92">
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<example xml:id="example_d3127e94">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220621T112723+0300" comment="NB: "юг" в знач. "южный склон""?>xūssary<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<oRef>mænæwæj</oRef> dæ kʼīrījag</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из пшеницы (растущей) на южном склоне будут
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тебе приготовлены (жертвенные пироги) <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ḱʼīrī"/></q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from wheat (that grows) on the southern slope
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(sacrificial pies) <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ḱʼīrī"/> will be made for you</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">из гимна
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богу Аларды; </note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from a hymn to the deity
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Alardy; </note><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>102</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3127e129">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wīʒyn bydyrty <oRef>mænæw</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я клюю на полях пшеницу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I peck wheat on the fields</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>121</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3127e153">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ kʼūtūtæ ʒagæj læwʒysty
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<oRef>mænæwæj</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">наши житницы будут стоять полные пшеницы</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">our granaries will stand full of wheat</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>127</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3127e177">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">raværdtoj fyndgtyl syǧdæg
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<oRef>mænæwæj</oRef> kond ʒūltæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">разложили на столах хлебы, приготовленные из
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чистой пшеницы</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they put out on the tables breads made from
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pure wheat</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>150</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3127e202">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…mænæwaw tawyn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…сеять, как пшеницу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…sow like wheat</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Лука"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">22</hi> 31</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3127e229" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">lævardtoncæ in ka æxca, ka
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<oRef>mænæwæ</oRef>, ka nartixwar</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">давали ему кто деньги, кто пшеницу, кто
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кукурузу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they gave him (various things:) some people
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money, some people wheat, some people maize</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>116</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Вероятно, из <phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæn">mæn</ref>-<ref type="xr" target="#entry_jæw">jæw</ref></phr> буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">мой злак</q></gloss>; ср. для первой части <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæn"><w>mæn</w>, <w>mæ</w>
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<gloss><q>мой</q></gloss></ref>, для второй <ref type="xr" target="#entry_jæw"><w>jæw</w>
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<gloss>в современном языке <q>просо</q></gloss>, <gloss>в древности — вообще
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<q>злак</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3127e399" xml:id="mentioned_d3127e292" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">yava-</w></mentioned>)</note></ref>. Сращение притяжательного
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местоимения с названием злака напоминает — из религиозной сферы — такие образования, как
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3127e406" xml:id="mentioned_d3127e299" xml:lang="it"><w>Ma-donna</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3127e410" xml:id="mentioned_d3127e303" xml:lang="fr"><w>Notre-Dame</w></mentioned>, и является, по-видимому, отголоском древнего культа
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съедобных растений.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Die Arier betrachteten die Nahrungsmittel, welche
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ihnen den Körper erhielten und ihnen Kraft, Mut und Begeisterung spendeten, als
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bewusst handelnde höhere, ihnen wohltätige Mächte… Auch die (Nahrungs-) Pflanzen
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sind ja im Veda wie im Awesta Götter</q> (<bibl><author>Hertel</author>.
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<title>Indo-Iraniscbe Quellen und Forschungen</title>
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<biblScope>1925 VI 68</biblScope></bibl>)</quote>.</note> Наращение выявляется в
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ряде названий съедобных растений; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mænærǧ"><w>mænærǧ</w>
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<gloss><q>малина</q></gloss></ref>, а также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæzæræw"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_mætatyk"/>. На языке алан (ясов), живших в Венгрии, слово
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засвидетельствовано для XV в. в форме <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3127e437" xml:id="mentioned_d3127e330" xml:lang="ysc"><w>manauona</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Немет"/>
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<biblScope>8, 10, 18</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — К ос. <oRef/>
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примыкает <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3127e451" xml:id="mentioned_d3127e344" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>manāš</w>
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<gloss><q>рожь</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<m>-š</m> — сванский
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формант)</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>59, 296, 587 сл.</biblScope></bibl></etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Probably from <phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæn">mæn</ref>-<ref type="xr" target="#entry_jæw">jæw</ref></phr> lit. <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">my grain</q></gloss>; cf. for the former part <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæn"><w>mæn</w>, <w>mæ</w>
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<gloss><q>my</q></gloss></ref>, for the latter <ref type="xr" target="#entry_jæw"><w>jæw</w>
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<gloss>in the modern language <q>millet</q></gloss>, <gloss>originally <q>grain</q> in
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general</gloss>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3127e292" xml:id="mentioned_d3127e399" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">yava-</w></mentioned>)</note></ref>. The merger of the possessive
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pronoun with the name of a grain reminds one of such religious derivations as <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3127e299" xml:id="mentioned_d3127e406" xml:lang="it"><w>Ma-donna</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3127e303" xml:id="mentioned_d3127e410" xml:lang="fr"><w>Notre-Dame</w></mentioned> and is probably an echo of an earlier cult of edible
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plants.<note type="footnote"><quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Die Arier
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betrachteten die Nahrungsmittel, welche ihnen den Körper erhielten und ihnen Kraft,
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Mut und Begeisterung spendeten, als bewusst handelnde höhere, ihnen wohltätige
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Mächte… Auch die (Nahrungs-) Pflanzen sind ja im Veda wie im Awesta Götter</q>
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(<bibl><author>Hertel</author>. <title>Indo-Iraniscbe Quellen und
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Forschungen</title>
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<biblScope>1925 VI 68</biblScope></bibl>)</quote>.</note> The same augment is seen
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in a number of names of edible plants, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mænærǧ"><w>mænærǧ</w>
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<gloss><q>raspberry</q></gloss></ref>, also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæzæræw"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_mætatyk"/>. In the language of the Alans who resided in
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Hungary (Jasz people), the word is attested in the 15th century in the form <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3127e330" xml:id="mentioned_d3127e437" xml:lang="ysc"><w>manauona</w>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Немет"/>
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<biblScope>8, 10, 18</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — Ossetic <oRef/>
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resembles <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3127e344" xml:id="mentioned_d3127e451" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>manāš</w>
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<gloss><q>rye</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<m>-š</m> is a Svan
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suffix)</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>59, 296, 587 ff.</biblScope></bibl></etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |