281 lines
No EOL
22 KiB
XML
281 lines
No EOL
22 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">mīt</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_mīt" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<form xml:id="form_d4699e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>mīt</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d4699e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>met</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4699e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>снег</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>snow</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d4699e82">
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<form xml:id="form_d4699e84" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>mītyn</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d4699e87" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>metin</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4699e90"><sense xml:id="sense_d4699e91"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">снежный</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">snowy</q>
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</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4699e102"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сделанный из снега</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>made of snow</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d4699e113">
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<form xml:id="form_d4699e115" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>mītfælʒæǧdæn</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d4699e118" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>metfælʒæǧdæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4699e121"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">снежная метель</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">snowstorm</q>
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</tr></sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fælʒæǧdæn"/>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fælʒæǧdæn"/>)</note>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d4699e145">
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<form xml:id="form_d4699e147" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>mītdon</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d4699e150" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>metdon</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4699e153"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вода от талого снега</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">water from melted snow</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d4699e166">
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<form xml:id="form_d4699e168" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>mītǵyn</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d4699e171" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>metgun</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4699e174"><sense xml:id="sense_d4699e175"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">снежный</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">snowy</q>
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</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4699e186"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>обильный снегом</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>abundant with snow</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d4699e197">
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<example xml:id="example_d4699e199">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zymæg næ xæxty cūx næ waʒy, læǵy æmbærc
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ærwary <oRef>mīt</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">зима неразлучна с нашими горами, в рост
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человека выпадает снег</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">winter is inseparable from our mountains, snow
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falls in a man’s height</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>26</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4699e223">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">axæm <oRef>mīt</oRef> ærwaræd, næzyjæn jæ
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c’ūpp k˳ynnal zyna</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть выпадет такой снег, чтобы верхушка сосны
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уже не была видна</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">may such snow fall that the top of the pine is
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no longer visible</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 52</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4699e248">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ wynd arvyrttyvdaw wyd, jæ daræs ta
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<oRef>mītaw</oRef> ūrs</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вид Его был как молния, и одежда Его бела как
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снег</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">His countenance was like lightning, and his
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raiment white as snow</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">28</hi> 3</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4699e276">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>mītyl</oRef> ma bazzadī cwanony
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fæd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на снегу еще остался след охотника</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there still remained a hunter’s footstep in the
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snow</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1957 III 69</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4699e300">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>mītæj</oRef> mæsg˳ytæ amajyn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">строить башни из снега</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">build towers out of snow</q>
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</tr>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (о нереальных
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планах)</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (of unrealistic
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plans)</note>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4699e326" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">omi ba badtæj sawcæstæ borxelæ,
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<oRef>metaw</oRef> ka ʽrttivta, wæxæn kizgæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">там сидела черноокая, белокурая, сверкавшая
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(белизной) снега девушка</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there sat a black-eyed, fair-haired girl
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glittering like snow</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
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<biblScope>16<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">7—8</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4699e357">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>mītfælʒæǧdæn</oRef> kæny</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">снег метет</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">snow is swirling in a blizzard</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1957 III 69</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d4699e381" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wælǧædtæj mæmæ cʼæx færstæ,
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<oRef>metsær</oRef> xwænxtæ kæsioncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">над лесами на меня глядели зеленые склоны,
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снежноглавые горы</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">over the forests green slopes, snow-headed
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mountains were looking at me</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Тайм._Мӕ_уарзт"/>
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<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Как
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220415T164020+0300" comment="Правильно так делать? Я не очень понял, одно это слово или нет" id="f2y_4dp_15b" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220629T233842+0300" parentID="f2y_4dp_15b" comment="да, это видимо два варианта или косвенная форма" flag="done" mid="1"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e614" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e414" xml:lang="ro"><lang/>
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<w>omát</w>, <w>omete</w>
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<gloss><q>снег</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>сугроб</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="1"?>,
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идет из славянского и отражает <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e629" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e429" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">o-met-</w>
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<gloss><q>наметенное</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>снежный сугроб</q></gloss></mentioned>, от
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e641" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e441" xml:lang="sla"><w>o-metati</w></mentioned>, ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e645" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e445" xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
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<w>оме́т</w>
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<gloss><q>куча</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ворох</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e656" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e456" xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><w>заме́т</w>, <w>за́меть</w>
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<gloss><q>метель</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e664" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e464" xml:lang="uk"><lang>укр.</lang><w>перемет</w>
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<gloss><q>сугроб</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e671" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e471" xml:lang="sl"><lang>слов.</lang>
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<w>zamet</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e676" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e476" xml:lang="pl"><lang>пол.</lang>
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<w>zamieć</w>
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<gloss><q>снежный занос</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e684" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e484" xml:lang="ru"><lang>русск.</lang>
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<w>метель</w></mentioned> и пр. Представляется естественным, что предки осетин, как и
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предки румын, живя в более южных широтах, заимствовали у своих северных соседей славян
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слово сугроб, снег. Для семантики (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">наметенное</q> — <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">снег</q>) ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e699" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e496" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang>др.инд.</lang>
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<w>vapra-</w>
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<gloss><q>насыпанное</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>насыпь</q></gloss></mentioned> — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e710" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e507" xml:lang="ae"><lang>ав.</lang>
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<w>vafra-</w>
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<gloss><q>снег</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e718" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e515" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang>др.инд.</lang>
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<w>vapra-</w></mentioned> от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e723" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e520" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vapati</w>
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<gloss><q>сыпать</q></gloss></mentioned>, как <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e730" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e527" xml:lang="ru"><lang>русск.</lang>
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<w>омет</w></mentioned> от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e738" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e532" xml:lang="ru"><w>метать</w></mentioned>).
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<bibl><author>Bouda</author> (<title>Caucasica</title>
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<biblScope>XI 60</biblScope>)</bibl> сопоставляет ос. <oRef>mīt</oRef> |
|
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<oRef>met</oRef> с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e756" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e547" xml:lang="dar"><lang>дарг.</lang>
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||
<w>miʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e762" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e553" xml:lang="lbe"><lang>лак.</lang>
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||
<w>mikʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e767" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e558" xml:lang="lez"><lang>лезг.</lang>
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||
<w>murkʼ</w>
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<gloss><q>лед</q></gloss></mentioned>, <bibl><author>Petersson</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_LUÅ"/>
|
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<biblScope>1922 XVIII 7 55</biblScope>)</bibl> — с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e783" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e574" xml:lang="lv"><lang>латыш.</lang>
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<w>mitrs</w>
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<gloss><q>влажный</q></gloss></mentioned>. То и другое неприемлемо. Случайно также
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созвучие с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e791" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e582" xml:lang="sog"><lang>согд.</lang>
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<w>mēθ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e796" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e587" xml:lang="xco"><lang>хорезм.</lang>
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<w>mīθ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e802" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e593" xml:lang="x-pamir"><lang>пам.</lang>
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<w>mēθ</w>,<w>mīθ</w>
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<gloss><q>день</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
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<biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">As
|
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220415T164020+0300" comment="Правильно так делать? Я не очень понял, одно это слово или нет" id="f2y_4dp_15b" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220629T233842+0300" parentID="f2y_4dp_15b" comment="да, это видимо два варианта или косвенная форма" flag="done" mid="3"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e414" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e614" xml:lang="ro"><lang/>
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<w>omát</w>, <w>omete</w>
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<gloss><q>snow</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>snowdrift</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="3"?>,
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comes from Slavic and reflects <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e429" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e629" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">o-met-</w>
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<gloss><q>drifted</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>snowdrift</q></gloss></mentioned>, from
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e441" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e641" xml:lang="sla"><w>o-metati</w></mentioned>, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e445" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e645" xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
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<w>omét</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>heap</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>pile</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e456" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e656" xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><w>zamét</w>, <w>zámetʼ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>snowstorm</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e464" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e664" xml:lang="uk"><lang/><w>peremet</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>snowdrift</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e471" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e671" xml:lang="sl"><lang/>
|
||
<w>zamet</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e476" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e676" xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
|
||
<w>zamieć</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>drifting snow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e484" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e684" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>metelʼ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>snowstorm</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. It seems natural that the ancestors of
|
||
Ossetians, like the ancestors of the Romanians, living further south, borrowed the word
|
||
for snowdrift, snow from their nothern neighbours the Slavs. For the semantics (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">drifted</q> — <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">snow</q>)
|
||
cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e496" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e699" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vapra-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>strewn</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>mound</q></gloss></mentioned> — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e507" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e710" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vafra-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>snow</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e515" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e718" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vapra-</w></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e520" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e723" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vapati</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>pour</q></gloss></mentioned>, as <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e527" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e730" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>omet</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>stack</q></gloss></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e532" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e738" xml:lang="ru"><w>metatʼ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>throw</q></gloss></mentioned>). <bibl><author>Bouda</author> (<title>Caucasica</title>
|
||
<biblScope>XI 60</biblScope>)</bibl> compares Ossetic <oRef>mīt</oRef> |
|
||
<oRef>met</oRef> with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e547" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e756" xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
|
||
<w>miʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e553" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e762" xml:lang="lbe"><lang/>
|
||
<w>mikʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e558" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e767" xml:lang="lez"><lang/>
|
||
<w>murkʼ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>ice</q></gloss></mentioned>, <bibl><author>Petersson</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_LUÅ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1922 XVIII 7 55</biblScope>)</bibl>, with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e574" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e783" xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
|
||
<w>mitrs</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>humid</q></gloss></mentioned>. Neither proposal is acceptable. The phonetic
|
||
similarity to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e582" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e791" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w>mēθ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e587" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e796" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
||
<w>mīθ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4699e593" xml:id="mentioned_d4699e802" xml:lang="x-pamir"><lang/>
|
||
<w>mēθ</w>,<w>mīθ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>day</q></gloss></mentioned> is also accidental.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |