abaev-xml/entries/abaev_tæltæg.xml
2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00

202 lines
No EOL
13 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tæltæg</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_tæltæg" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230207T161344+0300" comment="Russian checked"?>
<form xml:id="form_d3330e66" type="lemma"><orth>tæltæg</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
<sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3330e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>горячий по нраву</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>hot to the touch</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>пылкий</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>fervent</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>ретивый</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>zealous</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>темпераментный</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>temperamental</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (о человеке, о лошади)</note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (of man, of horse)</note>
</sense>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>tæltæg</oRef> adæm wydysty Kobetæ, sæ
zondy nal afarstoj, sæ mast sæ nal baūrædta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горячие люди были Кобеевы, они уже не
спросились у своего рассудка, не сдержались в своем гневе</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Kobeevs were hot people, they no longer
asked their sanity, they were not restrained in their anger</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
<biblScope>98</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bærgæ axsync <oRef>tæltæg</oRef> bæxty, fælæ
vvaxs k˳y næ waʒync, ḱyllippgængæ fæcagajync</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они пытаются поймать горячих коней, но те их и
близко не подпускают, брыкаясь уносятся прочь</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they try to catch the hot horses, but the
horses won't let them get close, kicking and scurrying away</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
<biblScope>26</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>tæltæg</oRef> bæxaw ew rawæn næbal
læwdtæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">подобно горячему коню, он больше не стоял на
одном месте</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">like a hot horse, he no longer stood in one
place</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
<biblScope>198</biblScope><hi></hi></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ bæxtæ qal æma <oRef>tæltæg</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">их кони спесивы и темпераментны</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">their horses are arrogant and temperamental</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><bibl>Вс.
<author>Миллер</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>, <biblScope>стр.
334</biblScope>)</bibl> приводит форму </note>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"><bibl>Ws.
<author>Miller</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>, <biblScope>p.
334</biblScope>)</bibl> cites the form </note>
<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="variant" xml:lang="os"><orth>tærtæg</orth></form>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> без
документации</note>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> without
documentation</note>
</formGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru"><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
<biblScope>21, стр. 334</biblScope>)</bibl> сопоставляет с <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang xml:lang="inc-x-old"/>
<w>tarala-</w>
<gloss><q>движущийся туда-сюда</q>, <quote>дрожащий</quote>,
<q>неспокойный</q></gloss></mentioned>. Приемлемое с семантической стороны, это
сближение оставляет во тьме словообразовательные отношения, а именно они, в последней
инстанции, гарантируют надежность этимологического решения. К тому же <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang xml:lang="inc-x-old"/>
<w>tarala-</w></mentioned> оказалось под подозрением как заимствование из дравидского
(см.: <bibl><author>Burrow</author>
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
<date>1945</date>
<biblScope>стр. 106</biblScope>, и <date>1946</date>, <biblScope>стр.
27</biblScope></bibl><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
<biblScope>I 481</biblScope></bibl>). Может быть, ос. <oRef>tæltæg</oRef>
(<oRef>tærtæg</oRef>) следует возводить к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">θwartaka-</w></mentioned> и сблизить с <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>θvāša-</w>
<gloss><q>быстрый</q>, <q>подвижный</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(← <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">θwārta-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang xml:lang="inc-x-old"/>
<w>tvarate-</w>
<gloss><q>спешит</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang>Ав.</lang>
<w>dvar-</w>
<gloss><q>идти</q>, <q>спешить</q></gloss> (о дэвовских существах)</mentioned> есть,
возможно, результат контаминация арийских основ <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="iir"><w type="rec">tvar-</w></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><w type="rec">drav-</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>бежать</q>, <q>спешить</q> и т. п.</gloss></mentioned></note> Выпадение
<c>w</c> после согласного — как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæd-"><w>xæd</w></ref>
из <w>xvæd</w>
<gloss><q>сам</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nwazyn"><w>ba-nazyn</w></ref> из
<w>ba-nwazyn</w>
<gloss><q>выпить</q></gloss> и т. п. Есть, наконец, еще одна — лежащая на поверхности —
возможность: <oRef>tæltæg</oRef> из <w type="rec">tælftæg</w>, от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tælfyn"><w>tælfyn</w>
<gloss><q>шевелиться</q> и пр.</gloss></ref>, с выпадением <c>f</c> между двумя
согласными.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en"><bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
<biblScope>21, p. 334</biblScope>)</bibl> compares it with <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang xml:lang="inc-x-old"/>
<w>tarala-</w>
<gloss><q>moving back and forth</q>, <quote>shivering</quote>,
<q>restless</q></gloss></mentioned>. Acceptable on the semantic side, this comparison
leaves the word-formation relations in the shadow, and it is they, in the last instance,
that guarantee the reliability of the etymological solution. Moreover, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang xml:lang="inc-x-old"/>
<w>tarala-</w></mentioned> has come under suspicion as a borrowing from the Dravidian
(cf.: <bibl><author>Burrow</author>
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
<date>1945</date>
<biblScope>p. 106</biblScope>, and <date>1946</date>, <biblScope>p.
27</biblScope></bibl><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
<biblScope>I 481</biblScope></bibl>). Probably, Ossetic <oRef>tæltæg</oRef>
(<oRef>tærtæg</oRef>) should be derived from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">θwartaka-</w></mentioned> and related to <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>θvāša-</w>
<gloss><q>quick</q>, <q>agile</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(← <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">θwārta-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang xml:lang="inc-x-old"/>
<w>tvarate-</w>
<gloss><q>hastens</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>dvar-</w>
<gloss><q>to go</q>, <q>to hasten</q></gloss> (of the Devic beings)</mentioned> is
probably the result of the contamination of the Aryan bases <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="iir"><w type="rec">tvar-</w></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><w type="rec">drav-</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>to run</q>, <q>to hasten</q>, etc.</gloss></mentioned></note> The loss of
<c>w</c> after a consonant — as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæd-"><w>xæd</w></ref>
from <w>xvæd</w>
<gloss><q>himself</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nwazyn"><w>ba-nazyn</w></ref>
from <w>ba-nwazyn</w>
<gloss><q>to drink</q></gloss>, etc. Finally, there is another possibility, one that lies
on the surface: <oRef>tæltæg</oRef> from <w type="rec">tælftæg</w>, derived from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tælfyn"><w>tælfyn</w>
<gloss><q>to move</q>, etc.</gloss></ref>, with the loss of <c>f</c> between two
consonants.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>