285 lines
No EOL
20 KiB
XML
285 lines
No EOL
20 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xatiag</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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||
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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||
<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_xatiag" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230923T182134+0300" comment="Russian checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d3851e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>xatiag</orth>:
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<gram><phr>xatiag yvzag</phr></gram></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<sense>
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<def xml:lang="ru">секретный язык, которым пользуются в особых случаях герои осетинского
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эпоса Нарты, а также герои сказок</def>
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<def xml:lang="en">a secret language used in special cases by the heroes of the Ossetian
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Nart saga, as well as the heroes of fairy tales</def>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xatiagaw</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">по-хатайски</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Khatai</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>на хатайском языке</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>in Khatai language</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xatiagaw</oRef> ærmæst Nart
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zydtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">по-хатайски знали только Нарты</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">only Narts knew Khatai</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>I 31</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(Nartæn) sæxī fydyfyrty jæddæmæ
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<oRef>xati</oRef>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(sic!)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(sic!)</note> nīḱī zydta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кроме членов их (Нартов) рода никто не знал
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по-хатайски</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">except for members of their (Nart) family, no
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one knew Khatai</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам.">ibid.</ref>, <biblScope>127</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Satana <oRef>xatiagaw</oRef> gæxxætt
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afysta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Шатана написала записку (бумагу)
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по-хатайски</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Shatana wrote a note (paper) in Khatai
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language</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам.">ibid.</ref>, <biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230923T181917+0300" comment="кударский"?>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-south">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Nartæ æmæ Darežantæ… tærxon kodtoj:
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<oRef>xatiag</oRef> ævzag rox
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kæn<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230923T181832+0300" comment="этот символ есть в юникоде одним глифом"?>ǯ<?oxy_comment_end ?>eni
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æmæ ir pyrx kænǯysty</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нарты и Дарежановы обсуждали: хатайский язык
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забудется и осетины рассеются</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Narts and Darezhantæ discussed: Khatai language
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will be forgotten and Ossetians will disperse</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам.">ibid.</ref>, <biblScope>91</biblScope></bibl>
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</example><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xatiagaw</oRef> æj sax˳yr kæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">научи ее (говорить) по-хатайски</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">teach her how to speak Khatai</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 343</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Batæraz <oRef>xatiagaw</oRef> isʒurdta i
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kiræmæ; zællang gængæ bajgom æj i kiri dwar</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Батраз по-хатайски обратился к сундуку; со
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звоном отворилась дверца сундука</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Batraz addressed the chest in Khatai; the chest
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door opened with a clang</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 28</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ajsana i kiræmæ <oRef>xatiagaw</oRef>
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isʒurdta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Айсана обратился к сундуку по-хатайски</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aisana addressed the chest in Khatai</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам.">ibid.</ref>, <biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cotæ æmæ saw ajnægi æfsæn dwarmæ
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<oRef>xatiagaw</oRef> isʒoretæ… æma ibæl cæwʒænæj æfsædtæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">идите и обратитесь к железным вратам черной
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скалы по-хатайски, и через них станут выходить войска</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">go and address the iron gate of the black rock
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in Khatai, and through it the troops shall come forth</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам.">ibid.</ref>, <biblScope>45</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230923T182006+0300" comment="звёздочку не пишем, ставим @type=rec!"?><w type="rec">xatæjag</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned> (как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærdiag"/> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zærdæjag</w></mentioned> и т.п.) от <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">Xataj</w>
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<gloss><q>Китай</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(самостоятельно не документируется)</note></mentioned>. Секретный
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язык Нартов был, стало быть, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">китайским</q>. Ср. по
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семантике русское выражение <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">китайская грамота</q>. Через
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<mentioned xml:lang="trk" extralang="mn"><lang/><w>Xətaj</w>, <w>Xataj</w>
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<gloss><q>Китай</q>, <q>северная провинция Китая</q></gloss></mentioned> восходит к
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<mentioned xml:lang="zh"><lang/>
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<w>K’itan</w>
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<gloss><q>название тунгузского племени</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>II 768, 1723</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Бартольд</author>.
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<title>История изучения Востока</title>, <pubPlace>Л.</pubPlace>,
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<date>1925</date>, <biblScope>89 сл.</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ramstedt"/>
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<biblScope>233</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="tr"><lang/>
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<w>xatai</w>
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<gloss><q>название шелковой ткани</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>II 1679</biblScope></bibl>) (ткань названа по своему проихождению, как
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<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>китайка</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<w>crêpe de Chine</w></mentioned> и т. п.)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>xat</w>
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<gloss><q>название северного Китая</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/>
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<biblScope>583</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>X́utäj</w>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ногма"/>
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<biblScope>242</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>Китай</w>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
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<biblScope>I 562—563</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В осетинский могло
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войти как из тюркских или монгольского, так и из грузинского; ср. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="oge"><lang/>
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<w>Xat’aeti</w>
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<gloss><q>Китай</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oge"><w>xat’aeli</w>
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<gloss><q>китайский</q>, <q>китаец</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oge"><w>xataia</w>
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<gloss>название шелковой ткани</gloss></mentioned>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._сл."/>
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<biblScope>VIII 1354, 1316</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — Любопытно, что
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в роли <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">секретного</q> языка в осетинском фольклоре
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выступает также калмыцкий: <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wærtæ eci kiri æncæ (dæ fidæ) dæw ængaræj ci
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qæppæltæ æma gærztæ dardta etæ, ma imæ qalmuqagaw isʒoræ, raigon oʒænæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вон в том сундуке находятся одежда и оружие,
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которые (твой отец) носил в твоем возрасте, и ты обратись к нему по-калмыцки, (и) он
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откроется</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вон в том сундуке находятся одежда и оружие,
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которые (твой отец) носил в твоем возрасте, и ты обратись к нему по-калмыцки, (и) он
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откроется</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">From <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230923T182006+0300" comment="звёздочку не пишем, ставим @type=rec!"?><w type="rec">xatæjag</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned> (like <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærdiag"/> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zærdæjag</w></mentioned>, etc.) from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">Xataj</w>
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<gloss><q>China</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(is not witnessed independently)</note></mentioned>. The secret
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language of the Narts was, therefore, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Chinese</q>. Cf.
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on semantics the Russian expression <phr>kitajsakaja gramota</phr>
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<gloss><q>Chinese writing</q></gloss>. Through <mentioned xml:lang="trk" extralang="mn"><lang/>
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<w>Xətaj</w>, <w>Xataj</w>
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<gloss><q>China</q>, <q>northern province of China</q></gloss></mentioned> derived from
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<mentioned xml:lang="zh"><lang/>
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<w>K’itan</w>
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<gloss><q>Tunguz tribe</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>II 768, 1723</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Bartold</author>.
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<title>Istorija izučenija Vostoka [History of Oriental Studies]</title>,
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<pubPlace>Leningrad</pubPlace>, <date>1925</date>,
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<biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ramstedt"/>
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<biblScope>233</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Cf. also <mentioned xml:lang="tr"><lang/>
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<w>xatai</w>
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<gloss><q>silk fabric</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>II 1679</biblScope></bibl>) (the fabric is named after its origin, as
|
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<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>kitajka</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<w>crêpe de Chine</w></mentioned>, etc.)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>xat</w>
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<gloss><q>northern China</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/>
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<biblScope>583</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>X́utäj</w>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ногма"/>
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<biblScope>242</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. This includes also <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>Kitaj</w>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
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<biblScope>I 562—563</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. In Ossetic it could
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have come from Turkic or Mongolian, as well as from Georgian; cf. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="oge"><lang/>
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<w>Xat’aeti</w>
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<gloss><q>China</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oge"><w>xat’aeli</w>
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<gloss><q>Chinese</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oge"><w>xataia</w>
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<gloss>silk fabric</gloss></mentioned>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._сл."/>
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<biblScope>VIII 1354, 1316</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — It is curious
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that in the role of a <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">secret </q> language in Ossetian
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folklore also acts Kalmyk: <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wærtæ eci kiri æncæ (dæ fidæ) dæw ængaræj ci
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qæppæltæ æma gærztæ dardta etæ, ma imæ qalmuqagaw isʒoræ, raigon oʒænæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вон в том сундуке находятся одежда и оружие,
|
||
которые (твой отец) носил в твоем возрасте, и ты обратись к нему по-калмыцки, (и) он
|
||
откроется</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">In that chest over there are clothes and
|
||
weapons that (your father) used to carry when he was your age, and you address him
|
||
in Kalmyk, (and) he will open it.</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
|
||
<biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |