311 lines
No EOL
15 KiB
XML
311 lines
No EOL
15 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xyl</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_xyl" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d947e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>xyl</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xilæ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d947e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ссора</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>quarrel</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>свара</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>argument</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>раздор</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>discord</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>распря</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>strife</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>драка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>fight</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xyl kænyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ссориться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">argue</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>браниться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>swear</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>серчать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>get angry</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>fæxyl wyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">поссориться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">quarrel</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xylærgom</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сварливый</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">quarrelsome</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xylmondag</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">забияка</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bully</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>драчун</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>brawler</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xylkʼaxæg</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">провоцирующий ссору, драку</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">provoking a quarrel</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">naiby ūs farsta, cæwyl <oRef>xyl</oRef>
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kodtoj, k˳yd bafīdydtoj ūdættæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">жена наиба спрашивала, по какому поводу они
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ссорились и как помирились</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Naib’s wife asked about what they quarreled
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about and how they reconciled</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Xaniffæīmæ <oRef>fæxyl</oRef> dæ?</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не поссорился ли ты c Ханиффой?</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">did you quarrel with Xaniffæ?</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>108</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fyldær <oRef>xyltæ</oRef>, fyldær lægmærdtæ
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dær ūcy ræstæǵy zæxxy fædyl cydī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">всего больше распрей и также убийств
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происходило в то время из-за земли (малоземелья)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">most of the strife and also murders occurred at
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that time because of the land (small land)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>92</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nīcy <oRef>xyjlag</oRef> wæ īs</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у вас нет повода ссориться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you have no reason to quarrel</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
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<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qyrǧian wyd karz,
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<oRef>xylærgom</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Кыргиан была сердитой, сварливой (женщиной)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qyrǧian was an angry, grumpy (woman)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1961 VIII 61</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xyly</oRef> fæstag fīdydmæ cæwy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">конец ссоры идет к миру</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the end of the quarrel goes to the world</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xilæj</oRef> fedawcæ xwæzdær æj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лучше мир, чем ссора</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">peace is better than strife</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>66</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nana, ma ‘lǧetæ ma <oRef>xilæ</oRef>
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kænæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мама, не бранись, не серчай</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mom, do not scold, do not be angry</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
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<biblScope>II 32</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læwwæn <oRef>fæsxilæ</oRef> ængartaw</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">после ссоры мы стоим как друзья</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">after a quarrel we stand as friends</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Тайм._Ӕмдз."/>
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<biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Totaji bunati ændær eske fæxxilæ
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kodtajdæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на месте Тотая кто-либо другой стал бы
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браниться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in Totaj’s place, someone else would scold</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1956 VII 31</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Быть может, следует возводить к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hwairi-</w></mentioned>, ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>xwār</w>, <w>xwārī</w>
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<gloss><q>ocкорбление</q></gloss>, <phr><w>xwārī</w>
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<w>kardan</w></phr>
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<gloss><q>ругать</q>, <q>поносить</q>, <q>оскорблять</q></gloss>, <w>xwārkār</w>
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<gloss><q>ругатель</q>, <q>поноситель</q></gloss>, <w>xwārkārī</w>
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<gloss><q>упрек</q>, <q>попрек</q>, <q>укоризна</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Ср. в этом случае <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfxæryn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>æfxæryn</w>
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<note type="comment">(<w type="rec">abi-hwar-</w>)</note>
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<gloss><q>обижать</q>, <q>оскорблять</q>, <q>выговаривать</q></gloss> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>117—118</biblScope></bibl>)</ref>. Ослабление корневого гласного могло быть
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вторичным для избежания омонимии с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xīl"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xīl</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xelæ</w>
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<gloss><q>волос</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Perhaps it should go back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hwairi-</w></mentioned>, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>xwār</w>, <w>xwārī</w>
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<gloss><q>insult</q></gloss>, <phr><w>xwārī</w>
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<w>kardan</w></phr>
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<gloss><q>scold</q>, <q>revile</q>, <q>insult</q></gloss>, <w>xwārkār</w>
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<gloss><q>swearer</q>, <q>defamer</q></gloss>, <w>xwārkārī</w>
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<gloss><q>reproach</q>, <q>reproval</q>, <q>wite</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Cf. in this case <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfxæryn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>æfxæryn</w>
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<note type="comment">(<w type="rec">abi-hwar-</w>)</note>
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<gloss><q>insult</q>, <q>assault</q>, <q>scold</q></gloss> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>117—118</biblScope></bibl>)</ref>. The weakening of the root vowel may have
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been secondary to avoiding homonymy with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xīl"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xīl</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xelæ</w>
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<gloss><q>hair</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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||
</text>
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||
</TEI> |