175 lines
15 KiB
XML
175 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>Æfsatī</w></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_Æfsatī" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="russian-questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240128T221227+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d4121e66" type="lemma"><orth>Æfsatī</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4121e69">
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<def xml:lang="ru">бог охоты, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">хозяин</q>
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лесных зверей, которые зовутся <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr><oRef>Æfsatijy</oRef> fos</phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">скот
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Афсати</q></gloss></mentioned>; ему молились охотники о счастливой
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охоте. В посвященных ему народных песнях Афсати рисуется как покровитель
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бедных охотников. Одна из таких песен блестяще обработана осетинским
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народным .поэтом Коста</def>
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<def xml:lang="en">the deity of hunting, the <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">master</q> of the forest animals, which are called <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><oRef>Æfsatijy</oRef> fos</phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Afsati's
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cattle</q></gloss></mentioned>; the hunters prayed to him for a happy
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hunt. In folk songs dedicated to him Æfsati is portrayed as the patron saint
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of poor hunters. One of these songs has been brilliantly adapted by the
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Ossetian folk poet Kosta</def>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4121e75">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4121e77">
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<quote>saǵy ūrs syk’atæj <oRef>’Fsatījæn</oRef> syntæg</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>из белых рогов оленя (сделана) для Фсати кровать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>from white deer antlers Fsati’s bed is made</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4121e96">
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<quote>radd nyn, <oRef>Æfsatī</oRef>!</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>подай нам (добычу), Афсати!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>give us (game), Afsati!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">из молитвы охотников:</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">from the hunters' prayers:</note>
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<ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>500</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4121e119">
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<quote><oRef>Fsatījæ</oRef> zæronddær dawǵytæm kæm ī?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>есть ли среди небожителей (кто-нибудь) старше Афсати?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>is there (anyone) among the celestials older than Æfsati?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>63</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4121e138">
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<quote>cwanon sag k˳y amary, wæd <oRef>Æfsatījy</oRef> kærdīx jæ fyccag
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æmbælægæn dæddy</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>когда охотник убивает оленя, он дает кусок (в честь) Афсати первому
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встречному</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>when a hunter kills a deer, he gives a piece (in honour of) Afsati to
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the first person he meets</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 199</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4121e157">
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<quote>Sadullæ syḱʼī-cæw amardta… fīzonǵytæ scættæ sty; fyngæn jæ razy kʼæj
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aværdta, <oRef>Æfsatīmæ</oRef> sk˳yvta: <q>Tabu dæwæm, Æfsatī! qæzdygæn
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dær dæddys, mæg˳yry dær æfsadys; radd dæ fosæj ænævǧaw!</q></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Садулла убил серну-самца — шашлык был готов; в качестве стола
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поставил перед собой плиту, вознес молитву Афсати: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Славословие тебе, Афсати! Ты
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подаешь и богатому, насыщаешь и бедняка; подай щедро из твоего
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стада!</q></q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Sadullæ killed the chamois — the shish kebab was ready; he set a
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stove in front of him as a table, offered up a prayer to Æfsati: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">To you, Afsati! You give to the
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rich, you feed the poor too; give generously from your
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flock!</q></q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>77</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Общий всему центральному и западному Кавказу мифологический
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образ, порожденный сходными условиями охотничьего быта: <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e252" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e179" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>Afsatə</w>, <w>Apsatə</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e257" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e184" xml:lang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
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<w>Apsatə</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e262" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e189" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>Apsatʼ</w>
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</mentioned><gloss><q>бог охоты</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="1">У сванов наряду с мужским образом
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e262" xml:lang="sva"><w>Apsatʼ</w></mentioned> существовало <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><gloss>женское божество охоты</gloss>
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<w>Dal</w></mentioned>.</note> Типологическими двойниками
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осетино-балкаро-сванского Апсата являются: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e273" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e200" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
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<w>Ažweypšaa</w>
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<gloss><q>божество охоты</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e282" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e209" xml:lang="kbd-x-crc"><lang/>
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<w>Mezətha</w>
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<gloss><q>бог лесов и зверей</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e290" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e217" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>Elta</w>
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<gloss>id</gloss></mentioned>. О происхождении имени <w>Apsatʼ</w> см.:
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<bibl>Н. Я. <author>Марр</author>. <title>Фрако-армянский <w>Sabazios</w> —
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<w>Aspacʼ</w> и сванское божество охоты</title>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИАН"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">1912, стр. 827—830</biblScope></bibl>;
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<bibl><title>Бог <w>Σαβαζιος</w> у армян</title>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИАН"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">1911, стр. 759—774</biblScope></bibl>. Н. Я.
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<name>Марр</name> сближает <w>Apsatʼ</w> с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e304" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e231" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>aspacʼ</w>, <w>aswacʼ</w>, <w>astʼowac’</w>
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<gloss><q>бог</q></gloss></mentioned>, а в дальнейшем с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e312" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e239" xml:lang="txh"><lang>фракийским</lang>
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<gloss>названием бога Диониса</gloss>
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<w>Σαβάζιος</w></mentioned> (<w>sabad</w> || <w>aspat</w>).<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>88, 91, 105, 300</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">A mythological figure common to the entire Central and Western
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Caucasus which arose due to similar conditions of hunting life:
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<mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e179" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e252" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>Afsatə</w>, <w>Apsatə</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e184" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e257" xml:lang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
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<w>Apsatə</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e189" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e262" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>Apsat’</w>
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</mentioned><gloss><q>deity of hunt</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="1">Among the Svans, alongside the male
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figure <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e262" xml:lang="sva"><w>Apsatʼ</w></mentioned> there was a <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><gloss>female hunting deity</gloss>
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<w>Dal</w></mentioned>.</note> Typological counterparts to the
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Ossetian-Balkar-Svan Apsat are: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e200" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e273" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
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<w>Ažweypšaa</w>
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<gloss><q>deity of hunt</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e209" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e282" xml:lang="kbd-x-crc"><lang/>
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<w>Mezətha</w>
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<gloss><q>deity of forests and animals</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e217" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e290" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>Elta</w>
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<gloss>id</gloss></mentioned>. For the origin of the name <w>Apsatʼ</w> see:
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<bibl>N. Ja. <author>Marr</author>. <title>Frako-armjanskij <w>Sabazios</w>
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— <w>Aspacʼ</w> i svanskoe božestvo oxoty</title> [Thraco-Armenian
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<w>Sabazios</w> — <w>Aspacʼ</w> and the Svan deity of hunt]. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИАН"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">1912, pp. 827–830</biblScope></bibl>;
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<bibl><title>Bog <w>Σαβαζιος</w> u armjan</title> [The god
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<w>Σαβαζιος</w> among the Armenians]. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИАН"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">1911, pp. 759—774</biblScope></bibl>. N. Ja.
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<name>Marr</name> connects <w>Apsatʼ</w> with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e231" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e304" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>aspacʼ</w>, <w>aswacʼ</w>, <w>astʼowac’</w>
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<gloss><q>God</q></gloss></mentioned>, and further with the <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4121e239" xml:id="mentioned_d4121e312" xml:lang="txh"><lang/>
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<gloss>name of the god Dionysus</gloss>
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<w>Σαβάζιος</w></mentioned>
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(<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240128T221220+0300" comment="what are these words?"?><w>sabad</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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|| <w>aspat</w>).<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>88, 91, 105, 300</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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