166 lines
13 KiB
XML
166 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆlxyskʼ</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_7lxyskʼ" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d2291e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆlxyskʼ</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d2291e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æxsilkʼæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2291e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>щипок</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>(a) pinch</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d2291e82">
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<form xml:id="form_d2291e84" type="lemma"><orth><oRef>ᵆlxyskʼ</oRef> kænyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d2291e88" type="variant"><orth>ᵆlxysḱʼytæ kænyn</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2291e91"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">щипать</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">to pinch</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d2291e104">
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<form xml:id="form_d2291e106" type="lemma"><orth>felxyskʼ kænyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2291e109"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ущипнуть</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">to pinch (pfv.)</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2291e123">
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<example xml:id="example_d2291e125">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ dywwæ xojy jæ <oRef>ælxsḱʼytæ</oRef> kænyn
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bajdydtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">две его сестры стали его щипать</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his two sisters started pinching him</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>221</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2291e150">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">iskæj caf syn næ rystī, sæxī
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220525T121148+0300" comment="NB: interesting use of SUPER"?><oRef>lxyskʼyl</oRef><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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kæræʒī mardtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">удара чужого (человека) они не чувствовали, а
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щипок от своего доводил их до взаимного убийства</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they did not feel the blow of an outsider, but
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a pinch from one of their own caused them to murder one another</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2291e177">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qyrǧian aftæ fæcajdaǧ dywwæ sīʒæry næmynyl…
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æmæ syn sæ bwar nad æmæ <oRef>‘lxysḱʼytæj</oRef> ǵīppæj fysty x˳yzæn cʼæx qūlættæ
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skodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Кыргиан так повадилась бить двух сирот, что их
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тело от побоев и щипков пестрело синяками подобно ситцу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qyrghian became so accustomed to beating the
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two orphans that their body gleamed with bruises like calico because of beatings</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1961 VIII 62</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2291e202">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wa<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220525T115508+0300" comment="не должно ли быть wazǵytæ?"?>ʒ<?oxy_comment_end ?>ǵytæ
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‘xsæv bonmæ ældary waty kūsæg ūsīmæ <oRef>tʼæpp-ælxyskʼæj</oRef> fæqazydysty</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">гости всю ночь в княжеской комнате играли в
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шлепки-щипки со служанкой</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the guests played spank-pinch with the
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maidservant in the prince’s room all night long</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 92</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2291e231">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæjyg ḱyzǵy <oRef>felxyskʼ
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kodta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">великан ущипнул девушку</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the giant pinched the girl</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из
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сказки</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from a fairy tale</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e369" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e259" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">kliš-ka</w>, <w type="rec">kriš-ka-</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(индоевропейская база <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e380" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e270" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">kleiḱ-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. В дигорском — метатеза. Ср.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e385" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e275" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>kliś-</w>, <w>kliśnati</w>
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<gloss><q>причинять боль</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e395" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e285" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>kleśa-</w>
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<gloss><q>боль</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e401" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e291" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>saṁ-kliś-</w>
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<gloss><q>щемить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e410" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e297" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>klěštiti</w>
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<gloss><q>сжимать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e419" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e306" xml:lang="cu"><w>klešta</w>
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<gloss><q>клещи</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e425" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e312" xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
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<w>клести</w>
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<gloss><q>щемить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>тискать</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e441" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e329" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>клещ</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(насекомое)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e452" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e337" xml:lang="ru"><w>клещи</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e458" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e340" xml:lang="ru"><w>клешня</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e464" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e343" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>kliszė</w>
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<gloss><q>клешня</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. — Смычно-гортанный <c>kʼ</c> мог
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появиться как под влиянием предшествующего <c>s</c> (ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyskʼ"/>), так и для большей <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">экспрессии</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>522</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e259" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e369" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">kliš-ka</w>, <w type="rec">kriš-ka-</w>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(Indo-European stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e270" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e380" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">kleiḱ-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. In Digor, with metathesis.
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Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e275" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e385" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>kliś-</w>, <w>kliśnati</w>
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<gloss><q>cause pain</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e285" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e395" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>kleśa-</w>
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<gloss><q>pain</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e291" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e401" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>saṁ-kliś-</w>
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<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220525T123605+0300" comment="not sure about translation"?>pinch<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e297" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e410" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>klěštiti</w>
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<gloss><q>squeeze</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e306" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e419" xml:lang="cu"><w>klešta</w>
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<gloss><q>pincers</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e312" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e425" xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
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<w>klesti</w>
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<gloss><q>pinch</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>press</q></gloss><note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e329" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e441" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>klešč</w>
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<gloss><q>tick</q>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(an insect)</note></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e337" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e452" xml:lang="ru"><w>klešči</w>
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<gloss><q>pincers</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e340" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e458" xml:lang="ru"><w>klešnja</w>
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<gloss><q>chela</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2291e343" xml:id="mentioned_d2291e464" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>kliszė</w>
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<gloss><q>chela</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. — The ejective <c>kʼ</c> could have
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developed either under the influence of the preceding <c>s</c> (cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyskʼ"/>) or for stronger <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">expressivity</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>522</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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