153 lines
16 KiB
XML
153 lines
16 KiB
XML
|
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
|||
|
|
<teiHeader>
|
|||
|
|
<fileDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<titleStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batraz</hi></title>
|
|||
|
|
</titleStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
|
|||
|
|
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
|
|||
|
|
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
|
</fileDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
|||
|
|
<tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
</tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
|
</encodingDesc>
|
|||
|
|
</teiHeader>
|
|||
|
|
<text>
|
|||
|
|
<body>
|
|||
|
|
<entry xml:id="entry_Batraz" xml:lang="os">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d4540e66" type="lemma"><orth>Batraz</orth><form xml:id="form_d4540e68" type="variant"><orth>Batraʒ</orth></form><form xml:id="form_d4540e70" type="variant"><orth>Batyraʒ</orth></form></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d4540e73"><def xml:lang="ru">один из виднейших героев осетинского (нартовского) эпоса,
|
|||
|
|
сын Хамица, герой, закаленный в небесной кузнице, неуязвимый и непобедимый;
|
|||
|
|
погибает в борьбе с небесными силами. <bibl><author>G.
|
|||
|
|
Dumézil</author></bibl> усматривает в образе Батраза черты грозового
|
|||
|
|
божества (<bibl><author>G. Dumézil</author><biblScope>Légendes sur les
|
|||
|
|
Nartes. 1930, стр. 179—189</biblScope></bibl>).</def><def xml:lang="en">one of the most eminent heroes of the Ossetic (Nart) epics,
|
|||
|
|
son of Khamits, hero which was experienced in the celestial smithery,
|
|||
|
|
invulnerable and invincible; dies during the fight with the celestial
|
|||
|
|
forces. <bibl><author>G. Dumézil</author></bibl> sees traits of the storm
|
|||
|
|
god in Batyraz' character ( <bibl><author>G.
|
|||
|
|
Dumézil</author><biblScope>Légendes sur les Nartes. 1930, pp.
|
|||
|
|
179—189</biblScope></bibl>)</def><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">[у <bibl><author>Клапрота</author><biblScope>(1812)</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Bateras</hi>, у
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Пфаффа</author><biblScope>(1871)</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batras</hi>]</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">[apud
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Klaproth</author><biblScope>(1812)</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Bateras</hi>, apud
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Pfaff</author><biblScope>(1871)</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batras</hi>]</note></sense>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4540e113">
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d4540e115">
|
|||
|
|
<quote>Batyraz… K˳yrdalægonmæ nyččydi æmæ jyn zaǧta: „Bajsærd mæ“</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>Батраз пошел к Курдалагону (богу кузнецу) и сказал ему: «Закали
|
|||
|
|
меня»</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>Batyraz went to Kwyrdalægon (blacksmith deity) and said to him: ‘Harden
|
|||
|
|
me‘</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>I
|
|||
|
|
26</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d4540e134">
|
|||
|
|
<quote>æz Narty Xæmycy fyrt Batraʒ dæn</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>я сын Хамица Батраз из Нартов</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>I am son of Khæmyts, Batraz of the Narts</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/><biblScope>237</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d4540e153" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote>Xæmici furt minkʼij Batraz æ bæxbæl æxe bagælsta</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>сын Хамица маленький Батраз вскочил на своего коня</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>little Batraz, son of Khæmyts, mounted his horse</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
|
|||
|
|
28</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="ru">Имена Батраза и его отца Хамица монгольского происхождения. Они
|
|||
|
|
служат свидетельством старых алано-монгольских связей, о которых хорошо известно
|
|||
|
|
как по историческим источникам (см. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>253 сл.</biblScope></bibl>), так и по другим следам в языке
|
|||
|
|
и фольклоре (см., например, слово <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ældar"/>
|
|||
|
|
‘князь’). Мы рассматриваем имя <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batraz</hi> как сложное из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">batyr</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">as</hi>, т. е.
|
|||
|
|
„богатырь асский (аланский)“. Для первой части ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e286" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e184" xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(<hi rendition="#rend_bold">и тюрк.</hi>) </note><w>batyr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e291" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e191" xml:lang="mn"><w>baatyr</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>герой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e297" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e197" xml:lang="mn"><w/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>богатырь</q></gloss></mentioned>; для второй части см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Asy"/>. Все сложение находит полный pendant в
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e306" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e206" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Os-baǧatari</w></mentioned> „богатырь осский“ (под этим именем известны в
|
|||
|
|
грузинской хронике <bibl><biblScope>"Kartlis Cxovreba''</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
некоторые прославленные осетинские вожди). Для озвончения конечного <hi rendition="#rend_italic">s</hi> ср.
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsæz"/> ‘шесть’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_babyz"/> ‘утка’. Порядок частей в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batyr</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">as</hi> —
|
|||
|
|
инверсированный, как во многих других случаях (см. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>232 сл.</biblScope></bibl>). — Слово
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">batyr</hi>, широко распространенное у монгольских и тюркских народов, проникло
|
|||
|
|
также в некоторые другие языки; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e326" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e223" xml:lang="mns"><lang>вогул.</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<w>madur</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>герой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e334" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e231" xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>bátor</w></mentioned> и др. Оно охотно вводится в состав собственных имен
|
|||
|
|
эпических и исторических героев как украшающий эпитет, например <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e339" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e236" xml:lang="kk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Bulat-Batyr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e344" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e241" xml:lang="mns" dialect="mns"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Madur-Waza</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4540e246" xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(<hi rendition="#rend_bold">из венг.</hi>) </note><w>Stefan Batory</w></mentioned> и др. Ср. также популярное осетинское собственное
|
|||
|
|
имя <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batyrbeg</hi>. Другой вариант этого монголо-турецкого слова, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">baǧadyr</hi>,
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">baǧatyr</hi>, также усвоен в осетинский; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæbatyr"/>. — Имя знаменитого Нарта, равно как некоторые
|
|||
|
|
былины из его цикла, известно также соседям осетин, кабардинцам, черкесам,
|
|||
|
|
ингушам: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e359" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e256" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Batyrez</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e364" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e261" xml:lang="ady-x-abadz"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Peterez</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e369" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e266" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Pataraz</w></mentioned>. См. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Xæmyc"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЯМ"/><biblScope>V 68
|
|||
|
|
сл.</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">Batraz and his father's names are of Mongolian origin. They
|
|||
|
|
serve as evidences of ancient Alan-Mongolian connections which are well known
|
|||
|
|
from the historical sources (see <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>253f.</biblScope></bibl>), and from other traces in the
|
|||
|
|
language and folk literature (see, for example, the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ældar"/> ‘prince’). We consider the name <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batraz</hi> as the
|
|||
|
|
composition of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">batyr</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">as</hi>, i.e. “hero of the Alans”. For the first part
|
|||
|
|
cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e184" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e286" xml:lang="mn" extralang="trk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>batyr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e191" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e291" xml:lang="mn" extralang="trk"><w>baatyr</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hero</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e197" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e297" xml:lang="mn" extralang="trk"><w/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>bogatyr</q></gloss></mentioned>; as for the second part, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Asy"/>. The compound as a whole finds an exact
|
|||
|
|
counterpart in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e206" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e306" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Os-baǧatari</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hero of the Os</q></gloss></mentioned> (some celebrated Ossetian
|
|||
|
|
leaders are known under this name in the chronicle <bibl><biblScope>“Kartlis
|
|||
|
|
Cxovreba”</biblScope></bibl>). For the voicing of the final <hi rendition="#rend_italic">s</hi> cf.
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsæz"/> ‘six’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_babyz"/> ‘duck’. The order of the parts in <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batyr</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">as</hi>
|
|||
|
|
is inversed, like in many other cases (see <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>232ff.</biblScope></bibl>). — The word
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">batyr</hi> which is widespread in Mongolian and Turkic languages was borrowed
|
|||
|
|
into some other languages as well; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e223" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e326" xml:lang="mns" dialect="mns"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>madur</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hero</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e231" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e334" xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>bátor</w></mentioned> etc. It is readily introduced into the composition
|
|||
|
|
of the proper names of epic and historical heroes as a decorating epithet, for
|
|||
|
|
example <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e236" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e339" xml:lang="kk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Bulat-Batyr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e241" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e344" xml:lang="mns" dialect="mns"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Madur-Waza</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4540e349" xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(<hi rendition="#rend_bold">from Hungarian</hi>) </note><w>Stefan
|
|||
|
|
Batory</w></mentioned> etc. Cf. also a popular Ossetic name
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Batyrbeg</hi>. Another variant of this Mongolian-Turkish word, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">baǧadyr</hi>,
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">baǧatyr</hi>, is also borrowed in Ossetic; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæbatyr"/>. — Neighbours of the Ossetians also know the name
|
|||
|
|
of the famous Nart as well as some epic poems: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e256" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e359" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Batyrez</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e261" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e364" xml:lang="ady-x-abadz"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Peterez</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4540e266" xml:id="mentioned_d4540e369" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Pataraz</w></mentioned>. See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Xæmyc"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЯМ"/><biblScope>V 68ff.</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|