149 lines
13 KiB
XML
149 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">arǧævnæ</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_arǧævnæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240103T215119+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d2574e66" type="lemma"><orth>arǧævnæ</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2574e72">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>клещи</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arkʼaw" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>arkʼaw</w></ref></note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>pincers</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">; и. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arkʼaw"/></note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">; Iron <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arkʼaw"/></note>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2574e94">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2574e96">
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<quote>alli brigadæmæ dær ǧæwama wa… æmpʼozægi mænkʼæj
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<oRef>arǧævnitæ</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>у каждой бригады должны быть… маленькие починочные клещи</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>each brigade must have… small
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240103T214918+0300" comment="based on æmpʼozægi in Ossetic"?>repairman’s<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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pincers</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
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<biblScope>245<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">3</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2574e115">
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<quote>ʒæbokæ æ razmæ, <oRef>arǧævnæ</oRef>…</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>перед ним молоток, клещи…</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>in front of him a hammer, pincers…</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
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<biblScope>II 32</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">agrab(a)na-</w></mentioned>; ср. по образованию <ref type="xr" target="#entry_araznæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>araznæ</w>
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<gloss><q>руль</q></gloss></ref> (от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arazyn"><w>arazun</w>
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<gloss><q>направлять</q></gloss></ref>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_izaznæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>izaznæ</w>
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<gloss><q>лом</q></gloss></ref> (от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_izazun"/>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xeznæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>xeznæ</w>
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<gloss><q>пастбище</q></gloss></ref> (от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xīzyn_1" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>xezun</w>
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<gloss><q>пасти</q></gloss></ref>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_færæz" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>færæznæ</w>
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<gloss><q>возможность</q></gloss></ref> (от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_færazyn" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>færazun</w>
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<gloss><q>мочь</q></gloss></ref>) и др. Основа <w>rǧæv-</w> представляет
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закономерное развитие из <w type="rec">grab-</w> (<c>gr</c> → <c>rg</c>, ср.
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_cyrǧ"/>), эта же основа налична в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>rǧævyn</w>
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<gloss><q>взваливать (ношу)</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærǧævyn" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>ærǧævun</w>
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<gloss><q>схватывать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>попадать в
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цель</q></gloss></ref>, а также, с другой огласовкой, в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lǧīvyn"><w>lǧīvyn</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lqīvyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">lqīvyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">’lqevun</w>
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<gloss><q>сжимать</q></gloss></ref>. Общеиндоевропейская основа <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ghre(i)bh-</w>
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<gloss><q>хватать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>сгребать</q></gloss> и
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пр.</mentioned> обильно представлена в индоиранских, славянских, балтийских
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и германских языках, причем нередко в названиях орудий, например <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e275" xml:id="mentioned_d2574e168" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">aɣraβan</w> (<w>ʼɣrβn</w>) <gloss><q>вилы</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>щипцы</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e289" xml:id="mentioned_d2574e182" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>grābhá-</w>, <w>grabhana-</w>
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<gloss><q>орудие хватания</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>рукоять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e303" xml:id="mentioned_d2574e197" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>грабли</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e311" xml:id="mentioned_d2574e202" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>greblȳs</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>грабли</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e320" xml:id="mentioned_d2574e210" xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
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<w>grāp</w>
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<gloss><q>кулак</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>коготь</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e334" xml:id="mentioned_d2574e224" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>greifa</w>
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<gloss><q>вилы</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e342" xml:id="mentioned_d2574e233" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Griff</w></mentioned>. Дальнейшие соответствия см. под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn"><w>rǧævyn</w></ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lǧīvyn"><w>lǧīvyn</w></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>574</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">agrab(a)na-</w></mentioned>; by derivation cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_araznæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>araznæ</w>
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<gloss><q>steering wheel</q></gloss></ref> (from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arazyn"><w>arazun</w>
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<gloss><q>to direct</q></gloss></ref>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_izaznæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>izaznæ</w>
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<gloss><q>crowbar</q></gloss></ref> (from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_izazun"/>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xeznæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>xeznæ</w>
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<gloss><q>pasture</q></gloss></ref> (from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xīzyn_1" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>xezun</w>
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<gloss><q>to pasture</q></gloss></ref>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_færæz" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>færæznæ</w>
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<gloss><q>possibility</q></gloss></ref> (from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_færazyn" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>færazun</w>
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<gloss><q>to be able</q></gloss></ref>) etc. The stem <w>rǧæv-</w> is a
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regular development of <w type="rec">grab-</w> (<c>gr</c> → <c>rg</c>, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cyrǧ"/>); the same stem is found in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>rǧævyn</w>
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<gloss><q>to load (a burden onto smth.)</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærǧævyn" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>ærǧævun</w>
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<gloss><q>to grab</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to hit the mark</q></gloss></ref>
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and also (with different vocalism) <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lǧīvyn"><w>lǧīvyn</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lqīvyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">lqīvyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">’lqevun</w>
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<gloss><q>to squeeze</q></gloss></ref>. The common Indo-European stem
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<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ghre(i)bh-</w>
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<gloss><q>to grasp</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to grab</q></gloss>
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etc.</mentioned> is abundantly attested in Indo-Iranian, Slavic, Baltic and
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Germanic languages, often in the names of tools, for example, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e275" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">aɣraβan</w> (<w>ʼɣrβn</w>) <gloss><q>pitchfork</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>pliers</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e289" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>grābhá-</w>, <w>grabhana-</w>
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<gloss><q>grasping tool</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>handle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e197" xml:id="mentioned_d2574e303" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>grabli</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e202" xml:id="mentioned_d2574e311" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>greblȳs</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>rake</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e210" xml:id="mentioned_d2574e320" xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
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<w>grāp</w>
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<gloss><q>fist</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>claw</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e224" xml:id="mentioned_d2574e334" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>greifa</w>
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<gloss><q>pitchfork</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2574e233" xml:id="mentioned_d2574e342" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Griff</w></mentioned>. For further correspondences, see under <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn"><w>rǧævyn</w></ref> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lǧīvyn"><w>lǧīvyn</w></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>574</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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