197 lines
17 KiB
XML
197 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ars</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ars" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240104T131059+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d1816e66" type="lemma"><orth>ars</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1816e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>медведь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bear</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d1816e79">
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<form xml:id="form_d1816e81" type="lemma"><orth>ærsnyx</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1816e84">
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<def xml:lang="ru">название растения (буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">медвежий
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коготь</q></gloss>);</def>
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<def xml:lang="en">name of a plant (literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">bear claw</q></gloss>)</def>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">. Из трех крупных хищников, известных
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древнеиранскому миру, — волка, медведя и лисицы — осетинский сохранил
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общеиранские названия для двух последних (<oRef/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rūvas"/>). Что касается волка, то иранское его название было
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вытеснено из бытового употребления под действием табу и сохранилось только в
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эпосе; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wærxæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bīræǧ"/></note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">. From the three large predators known to the Old
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Iranian world – the wolf, the bear and the fox – Ossetic has preserved the
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common Iranian names for the latter two (<oRef/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rūvas"/>). As for the wolf, its Iranian name has been
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displaced from common usage through taboo and is only preserved in the epics;
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see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wærxæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bīræǧ"/></note>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1816e107">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1816e109">
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<quote>raǵy-ma raǵy <oRef>ars</oRef> wydī æmæ jyn ærtæ qybyly wydī</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>давным-давно была медведица и было у нее три медвежонка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>once upon a time there was
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240104T130454+0300" comment="Abaev has медведица she-bear, but there is nothing in the Ossetic to indicate gender, so I just use the common term"?>a
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bear<?oxy_comment_end ?> and it had three cubs</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
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<biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1816e128">
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<quote>bīræǧmæ ta raǵy <oRef>ars</oRef> kæmdær xæcyd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>как- то давно медведь бранил волка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>once upon a time a bear was scolding a wolf</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>94</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1816e147">
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<quote><oRef>arsy</oRef> q˳yn jæ lystæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>медвежья шерсть — его (бога Афсати) постель</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bear wool is his (the deity <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Æfsatī"><foreign>Æfsati</foreign></ref>’s) bed</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1816e166" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>fæccæj-ǧuzuj
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240104T130716+0300" comment="NB: цӕветтонгӕ как симилятивный показатель"?>cævettongæ<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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ʒebælgængæ ǧuntʼuz <oRef>ars</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пробирается, как неторопливый мохнатый медведь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he sneaks in like a tardy hairy bear</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>46</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<re xml:id="re_d1816e91">
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<form xml:id="form_d1816e93" type="lemma"><orth>ærsʒarm</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1816e96">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>медвежья шкура</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bear skin</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<abv:example xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="example_d1816e188">
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<quote>cæmæn darys acy <oRef>ærsʒarm</oRef>?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>зачем ты носишь эту медвежью шкуру?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>why are you wearing this bearskin?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 100</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</exampleGrp>
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</re>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e314" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e211" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ṛša-</w>,
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240104T124139+0300" comment="added asterisk because I assume its scope is over both words (although the use of asterisks in this volume is inconsistent)"?><w type="rec">arša-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>, имеет
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многочисленные соответствия в индоевропейских языках: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e319" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e216" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>yūrš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e324" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e221" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>yerš, yarš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e329" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e226" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>xirs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e334" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e231" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>yaž</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e340" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e237" xml:lang="hac"><lang/>
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<w>häsh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e345" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e242" xml:lang="zza"><lang/>
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<w>hash</w>,
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<w>h<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240104T124309+0300" comment="unclear if umluat or macron, but I assume it is umlaut (Todd gives the form heş for the bear)"?>ä<?oxy_comment_end ?>sh</w></mentioned>
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">Abt. III, Bd. II, стр. 255</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e355" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e252" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>hrs</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._Khwar."/>
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<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e364" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e261" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ašš</w> (<w>ʼššh</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e370" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e267" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>arša-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e375" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e272" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240104T124439+0300" comment="check phon"?>ṛ́<?oxy_comment_end ?>kṣa-</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e380" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e277" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>arǰ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e385" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e282" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>ἄρκτος</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e390" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e287" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>ursus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e395" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e292" xml:lang="cel"><lang/>
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<w>art</w>, <w>arth</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e401" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e298" xml:lang="eu"><lang/>
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<w>hartz</w>
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<note type="comment">(из кельтского)</note></mentioned>. В славянских,
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балтийских и германских языках вытеснено, по всей видимости, под действием
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табу.<lb/><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
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<biblScope>II 50, 82; III 153</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>49, 155, 223</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e314" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ṛša-</w>,
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240104T124139+0300" comment="added asterisk because I assume its scope is over both words (although the use of asterisks in this volume is inconsistent)"?><w type="rec">arša-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>, with numerous
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correspondences in Indo-European languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e216" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e319" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>yūrš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e221" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e324" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>yerš,</w>
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<w>yarš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e226" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e329" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>xirs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e231" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e334" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>yaž</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e237" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e340" xml:lang="hac"><lang/>
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<w>häsh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e345" xml:lang="zza"><lang/>
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<w>hash</w>,
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<w>h<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240104T124309+0300" comment="unclear if umluat or macron, but I assume it is umlaut (Todd gives the form heş for the bear)"?>ä<?oxy_comment_end ?>sh</w></mentioned>
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">Abt. III, Bd. II, p. 255</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e252" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e355" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>hrs</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._Khwar."/>
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<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e261" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e364" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ašš</w> (<w>ʼššh</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e267" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e370" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>arša-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e375" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240104T124439+0300" comment="check phon"?>ṛ́<?oxy_comment_end ?>kṣa-</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e277" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e380" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>arj</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e282" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e385" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>ἄρκτος</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e287" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e390" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>ursus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e292" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e395" xml:lang="cel"><lang/>
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<w>art</w>, <w>arth</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1816e298" xml:id="mentioned_d1816e401" xml:lang="eu"><lang/>
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<w>hartz</w>
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<note type="comment">(from Celtic)</note></mentioned>. In the Slavic, Baltic
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and Germanic languages it has been displaced by other words, apparently under
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the influence of taboo.<lb/><bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
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<biblScope>II 50, 82; III 153</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>49, 155, 223</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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