219 lines
17 KiB
XML
219 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">būz</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_būz" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d3913e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>būz</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3913e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>boz</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3913e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d3913e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>благодарность</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>gratitude</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3913e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>благодарный</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>grateful</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d3913e92">
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<form xml:id="form_d3913e94" type="lemma"><orth>būznyg</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3913e97"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>благодарный</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thankful</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">, būznyg! „спасибо!“</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">, būznyg! "thank you!"</note>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3913e114">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3913e116" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>boz di dæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>благодарю тебя</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I thank you</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>24%l3%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3913e138" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>qæbær boz ni fæcæncæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>они были нам очень благодарны</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>they were very grateful to us</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/><biblScope>I 110</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3913e160" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>onæn din maʒal ka skæna, omæj kud qæbær boz fæwwoʒænæ?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>того, кто найдет тебе средство, как крепко ты отблагодаришь?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>how much do you thank the one who will find an instrument for
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you?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>33%l3%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3913e182" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>ami ke næj xan, omæj ku dæn boz</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>что хана здесь нет, этому я рад</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I am glad that khan is not here</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Saxi_ræs."/><biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3913e204" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>fæbboz æncæ sæxecæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>они остались довольны собой</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>they were satisfied with themselves</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sozur"/><biblScope>44</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3913e227" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>dæw færci æj otæ boz æxecæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>благодаря тебе она так самоуверенна</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thanks to you she is so self-confident</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/><biblScope>1936 I
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73</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3913e249" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>Xucaw si ma sboz wæd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>да не будет на них Божьего благоволения</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>may there not be God's favour on them</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/><biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3913e271">
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<quote>tyng zærdiagæj syn arfætæ rakodta, būznyg syn zaǧta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>от всего сердца отблагодарил их, сказал им спасибо</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he thanked them from the bottom of his heart, said to them "thank
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you"</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>136</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3913e290">
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<quote>būznyg cæwylnæ dæ?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>почему ты не благодарен?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>why aren't you grateful?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>87</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3913e309" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>būznig <hi rendition="#rend_italic">(sic!)</hi>, dæ salan beræ wæd!</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>спасибо, да умножится твой салам!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thank you, may your <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">salam</hi> multiply!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/><biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3913e331">
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<quote>sæ xæʒærttæm adæm cydysty ittæg būznyggadæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>люди расходились по домам (полные) большой благодарности</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>people went home being very grateful</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>142</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Полная форма *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">būzn</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bozn</hi> (ср. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">būzn-yg</hi>) возводится к
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e441" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e354" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*bauzna-</w></mentioned> (как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rūxs"/> к
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e448" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e361" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*rauxšna-</w></mentioned>), что соответствует <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e453" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e366" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>baošnah-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e458" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e371" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>βuzn-(βzn-)</w></mentioned>. Отбросив суффиксальное -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">na</hi>, получаем
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основу *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bāuz</hi>-, которая по форме и семантике безупречно корреспондирует
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e464" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e377" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>bhuj-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e469" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e382" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>bhuñj-</w></mentioned>
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в его активном значении: ‘оказывать услугу кому-либо’, ‘доставлять
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удовольствие’, ‘услаждать’, ‘ублаготворять’; отсюда — ‘благодарить’. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e472" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e385" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>būzn</w></mentioned> позволяет уточнить значение <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e477" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e390" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>baošnah-</w></mentioned>: не „спасение“ или „освобождение“, как переводит
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/></bibl>, а ‘удовлетворение’,
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‘услужение’; последнее значение прекрасно подходит к контексту: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e485" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e398" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>narām ašaonām avā̊sča rafnā̊sča baošnā̊sča</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Yašt"/><biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">4</hi> 1</biblScope></bibl>).
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Равным образом <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e495" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e408" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>βzn- (*βuzn)</w></mentioned> следует переводить не ‘стыд’
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(<bibl><author>Benveniste.</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TSP"/><biblScope>250</biblScope></bibl>), а ‘благодарность’, а <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e505" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e418" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>nwbzn-(*nəbuzn-)</w></mentioned> не ‘бесстыдный’ (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/><biblScope>130</biblScope></bibl>), а
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‘неблагодарный’. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būc"/>, %ibūstæ
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kænyn%i.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 144</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The full form *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">būzn</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bozn</hi> (cf. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">būzn-yg</hi>) traces back
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to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e354" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e441" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*bauzna-</w></mentioned> (like <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rūxs"/> to
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e361" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e448" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*rauxšna-</w></mentioned>), which corresponds <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e366" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e453" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>baošnah-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e371" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e458" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>βuzn-(βzn-)</w></mentioned>. We get the stem*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bāuz</hi>- without suffix
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-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">na</hi>; this stem corresponds well by its form and semantics to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e377" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e464" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>bhuj-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e382" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e469" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>bhuñj-</w></mentioned>
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in its active meaning: ‘do a favour’, ‘please’, ‘delight’, ‘satisfy’; ‘thank’
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comes from this. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e385" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e472" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>būzn</w></mentioned> lets specify the meaning of <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e390" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e477" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>baošnah-</w></mentioned>: not "rescue" or "release", according to the
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translation found in <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/></bibl>, but
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‘satisfaction’, ‘service’; last meaning suits well to the context: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e398" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e485" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>narām ašaonām avā̊sča rafnā̊sča baošnā̊sča</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Yašt"/><biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">4</hi> 1</biblScope></bibl>).
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e408" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e495" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>βzn- (*βuzn)</w></mentioned> should be also translated not as 'shame'
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(<bibl><author>Benveniste.</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TSP"/><biblScope>250</biblScope></bibl>), but as ‘gratitude’, and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3913e418" xml:id="mentioned_d3913e505" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>nwbzn-(*nəbuzn-)</w></mentioned> is not ‘shameless’ (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/><biblScope>130</biblScope></bibl>), but ‘ungrateful’. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būc"/>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">būstæ kænyn</hi>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 144</biblScope></bibl>;
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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