139 lines
14 KiB
XML
139 lines
14 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">basyl</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_basyl" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d4294e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>basyl</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d4294e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>basyl</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4294e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>новогодний пирожок</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>New Year pie</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d4294e82">
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<re xml:id="re_d4294e84" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<lang/>
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<form xml:id="form_d4294e88" type="lemma"><orth>Basiltæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4294e91"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>праздник Нового года</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>New Year fest</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d4294e102">
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<form xml:id="form_d4294e104" type="lemma"><orth>Basilti mæjæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4294e107"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>месяц январь</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>january month</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4294e119">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4294e121">
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<quote>wæ basyly kʼūx mæn k˳yd fæwa</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пусть рука вашего <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">басила</hi> достанется мне</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>let your <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">basyl</hi>'s hand be mine</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>109</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Старое христианское наследие: „св. Василий Великий“ <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e227" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e144" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>Βασιλεύς</w></mentioned>); день этого святого приходится на Новый год.
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Ср. названия других осетинских праздников:<ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacilla"><w>Wacilla</w></ref> (от <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Wacilla</hi> ‘св. Илья'), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Tūtyr"><w>Tutyrtæ</w></ref> (от <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Tutyr</hi> ‘св. Федор’) и др. В <hi rendition="#rend_bold">русском</hi>
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также день Нового года зовется <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e236" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e153" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>Васильев день</w></mentioned>, а вечер под Новый год — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e241" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e158" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>Васильев вечер</w></mentioned>. Балкарцы сохранили это же имя в названии
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января, воспринятом ими от старого дигорского населения: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e247" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e164" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>Bašil-ay</w>
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<gloss><q>январь</q></gloss></mentioned> ( = <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e255" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e172" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>Basilti mæjæ</w></mentioned> id.). В применении к новогодним хлебцам или
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пирожкам мы находим слово <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e260" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e177" xml:lang="ka" extralang="xmf sva"><lang/>
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<w>basil</w></mentioned> у картвельских племен (грузин, мегрелов, сванов):
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e265" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e182" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(в диалектах) </note><w>basila</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e272" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e189" xml:lang="xmf"><lang/>
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<w>basili</w>
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<gloss><q>новогодний хлебец</q></gloss></mentioned>. Обрядовые реалии, в
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которых фигурирует слово в этом значении, также весьма близки у осетин и
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картвельских племен. У осетин в ночь накануне праздника „хозяйки заготовляют
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множество лепешек, представляющих фигуры людей, животных и разных предметов.
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Приготовляются также лепешки с сыром, под названием <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">bаsiltæ</hi>, а также большой
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пирог, называемый <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærtxūron"/>" (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II
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266</biblScope></bibl>). У грузин-рачинцев „вечером (под Новый год) начинают
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печь маленькие хлебцы, называемые <hi rendition="#rend_italic">basilebi</hi>. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Basilebi</hi> пекутся одинаковые,
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по одному на каждого члена семьи… Кроме <hi rendition="#rend_italic">basilebi</hi>, специально для детей
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пекут во множестве модели различных животных…“ (<bibl><author>Г.
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Джапаридзе</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/><biblScope>XXI
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi> 108</biblScope></bibl>). У мегрелов в ночь под Новый год, „лишь
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только поужинают, хозяйка укладывает детей спать, а сама печет к празднику так
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наз. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">basili</hi>. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Basili</hi> — это длинный, узкий хлеб, внутрь которого кладут
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куски свежего свиного сала“ (<bibl><author>М. Кордзахия</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/><biblScope>XXXII <hi rendition="#rend_italic">3</hi> 153</biblScope></bibl>). — По
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происхождению своему <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Basiltæ</hi> — праздник до-христианский, связанный с зимним
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солнцеворотом и культом огня-солнца. См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærtxūron"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II
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266 сл.</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>93</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Ancient Christian heritage: “Saint Basil the Great” (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e144" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e227" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>Βασιλεύς</w></mentioned>); this saint's day falls on the New Year day.
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Cf. names of other Ossetic feasts: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacilla"><w>Wacilla</w></ref>
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(from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Wacilla</hi> ‘St. Elijah’), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Tūtyr"><w>Tutyrtæ</w></ref> (from,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Tutyr</hi> ‘St. Theodore’) etc. In <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Russian</hi> a New Year's day is also called
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e153" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e236" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>Vasilʼev denʼ</w></mentioned>, and New Year's Eve is called <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e158" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e241" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>Vasilʼev večer</w></mentioned>. The Balkars have preserved the same name
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in the notion of January which was adopted from ancient Digor people: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e164" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e247" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>Bašil-ay</w>
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<gloss><q>January</q></gloss></mentioned> ( = <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e172" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e255" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>Basilti mæjæ</w></mentioned> id.). As applied to New Year small loaves
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and pies, we find the word <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e177" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e260" xml:lang="ka" extralang="xmf sva"><lang/>
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<w>basil</w></mentioned> common among Kartvelian peoples (Georgians,
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Mingrelians, Svans): <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e182" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e265" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(in dialects) </note><w>basila</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4294e189" xml:id="mentioned_d4294e272" xml:lang="xmf"><lang/>
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<w>basili</w>
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<gloss><q>New Year small loaf</q></gloss></mentioned>. The custom realities
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in which the word appears in this meaning are also very close between the
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Ossetian and Kartvelian peoples. On the night before the holiday Ossetian
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“hostesses prepare a lot of scones, representing the figures of people, animals
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and various objects. There are also prepared cheese scones called <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">bаsiltæ</hi>
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and also a big pie which is called <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærtxūron"/>”
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II
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266</biblScope></bibl>). Rachians “begin to bake small loaves which are
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called <hi rendition="#rend_italic">basilebi</hi> on the New Year Eve. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Basilebi</hi> are baked all the same,
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one for each family member… Apart from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">basilebi</hi>, numerous figures of
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different animals are baked specially for children…” (<bibl><author>Г.
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Джапаридзе</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/><biblScope>XXI
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi> 108</biblScope></bibl>). On New Year's Eve in Mingrelian families
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“housewives send children to bed and bake so called <hi rendition="#rend_italic">basili</hi> for the holiday.
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Basili</hi> is a long narrow bread inside of which pieces of fresh cured pork fat
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are put” (<bibl><author>М. Кордзахия</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/><biblScope>XXXII <hi rendition="#rend_italic">3</hi> 153</biblScope></bibl>). — By its origin,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Basiltæ</hi> is a pre-Christian holiday connected with the winter solstice and
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the cult of sun-fire. See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærtxūron"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 266
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сл.</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>93</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<note type="internal">поставить хреф на Tutyr?</note>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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