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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_bonǵyn.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bonǵyn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_bonǵyn" xml:lang="os">
<form xml:id="form_d2528e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>bonǵyn</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d2528e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>bongin</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2528e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>богатый</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>rich</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2528e82">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2528e84">
<quote>bonǵyn cy, næ kæny, mæg˳yr cy næ bary!</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>чего не (позволяет себе) делать богач, чего не прощает бедняк</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>what the rich man does not (allow himself), what the poor man does
not forgive</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2528e102">
<quote>ærcydīs īw bonǵyn læg</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>пришел один богатый человек</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>one rich man has come</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/><biblScope>140</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Образовано от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bon"/> ’день’,
‘свет’ (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e219" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e126" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w>bānu-</w></mentioned>) с помощью суффикса -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǵyn</hi> j -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">gin</hi>,
обозначающего наделенность или обладание чем-либо. Буквальное значение, стало
быть, „наделенный светом“. Развитие значения „свет“ — „богатство“ отражает
старые воззрения, по которым источником ‘богатства’, ‘силы’, ‘власти’ мыслилось
‘небо’. От <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e224" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e131" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w>bā-</w>
<gloss><q>небо-свет</q></gloss></mentioned>, мы имеем поэтому закономерно, с
одной стороны, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bon"/> день’, с другой — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bon"/> сила’, ‘власть’, ‘богатство’. Еще
<bibl><author>А. Шегрен</author></bibl>, отмечая с некоторым колебанием
связь слова <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bonǵyn</hi> ‘богатый’ с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bon"/> ‘день’,
указал блестящую аналогию в латинском языке: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e242" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e149" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>dies</w>
<gloss><q>день</q></gloss></mentioned> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e250" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e157" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>dives</w>
<gloss><q>богатый</q></gloss></mentioned> образованы от одного и того же
корня. Сюда же относятся <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e258" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e165" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>deus</w>
<gloss><q>бог</q></gloss></mentioned> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e266" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e173" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>divus</w>
<gloss><q>божественный</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e275" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e182" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>reich</w>
<gloss><q>богатый</q></gloss></mentioned> означает в то же время ‘власть’,
‘царство’ и восходит к индоевропейской основе <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e283" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e190" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w>*reg</w></mentioned>, означавшей первоначально ‘небо’, ‘свет’ и пр. Ср.
также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e288" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e195" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>rūz</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">→‘счастье’</note>
<gloss><q>день</q></gloss></mentioned>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/><biblScope>114 сл.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">The word is derived from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bon"/>
’day’, ‘light’ (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e126" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e219" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w>bānu-</w></mentioned>) with the suffix -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǵyn</hi> | -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">gin</hi> meaning
possession of something. A literal meaning, thus, is "gifted with the light".
The development of the meaning "light" — "wealth" reflects old ideas, according
to which the source of 'wealth', ‘might’, ‘power’ was 'sky'. From <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e131" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e224" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w>bā-</w>
<gloss><q>sky-light</q></gloss></mentioned>, so regularly there is <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bon"/> 'day’ from the one side, and from the other
side there is <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bon"/> "might’, ‘power’, ‘wealth’.
Yet <bibl><author>A. Sjögren</author></bibl>, while noticing the connection of
the word <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bonǵyn</hi> ‘rich’ with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bon"/> ‘day’,
pointed to a brilliant analogy in Latin: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e149" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e242" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>dies</w>
<gloss><q>day</q></gloss></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e157" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e250" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>dives</w>
<gloss><q>rich</q></gloss></mentioned> are derived from the same root. The
following words also refer here: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e165" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e258" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>deus</w>
<gloss><q>god</q></gloss></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e173" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e266" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>divus</w>
<gloss><q>godlike</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e182" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e275" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>reich</w>
<gloss><q>rich</q></gloss></mentioned> at the same time means 'power',
'kingdom' and traces back to the Indo-European stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e190" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e283" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w>*reg</w></mentioned> meaning originally 'sky', ‘light’ etc. Cf. also
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2528e195" xml:id="mentioned_d2528e288" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>rūz</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">→‘happiness’</note>
<gloss><q>day</q></gloss></mentioned>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/><biblScope>114 сл.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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