abaev-xml/entries/abaev_cæst.xml

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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cæst</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_cæst" xml:lang="os">
<form xml:id="form_d2874e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>cæst</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d2874e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>cæstæ</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2874e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>глаз</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>eye</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<re xml:id="re_d2874e82">
<form xml:id="form_d2874e84" type="lemma"><orth>cæsty gag˳y</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2874e87"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>зрачок</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>pupil</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d2874e98">
<form xml:id="form_d2874e100" type="lemma"><orth>cæst daryn</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2874e103"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>присматривать</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>keep an eye</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d2874e115">
<form xml:id="form_d2874e117" type="lemma"><orth>cæstmæqūs</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2874e120"><sense xml:id="sense_d2874e121"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>лицемерный</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>doublehearted</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2874e130"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>льстивый</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>smoothtongued</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2874e140">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e142">
<quote>cæstmæqūs nyxas fydbylyz xæssy</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>лицемерная речь несет беду</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>hypocritical speech brings trouble</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>82</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e161" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>cæstæmæ miwtæ kænuncæ</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>ведут себя лицемерно, фальшиво</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>[they] behave hypocritically, falsely</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/><biblScope>97</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d2874e185">
<form xml:id="form_d2874e187" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>cæstfældaxæg</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d2874e190" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>cæstæ fælxatæg</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2874e193"><sense xml:id="sense_d2874e194"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>фокусник</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>magician</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2874e203"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>плут</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>trickster</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2874e212"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>обманщик</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>fraud</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d2874e223" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<lang/>
<form xml:id="form_d2874e227" type="lemma"><orth>cæstfælxatæn miwtæ</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2874e230"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>обманные действия</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>diversionary tactics</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/><biblScope>174%l3%l</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d2874e248">
<form xml:id="form_d2874e250" type="lemma"><orth>kʼæmʒæstyg</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2874e253"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>сконфуженный</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>confused</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2874e263">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e265">
<quote>styr kʼæmʒæstyg fædæn</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>я очень сконфужен, пристыжен</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>I am very confused, ashamed</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>III
116</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d2874e286">
<form xml:id="form_d2874e288" type="lemma"><orth>dærdʒæst</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2874e291"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>зоркий</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>sharp-sighted</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2874e301">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e303">
<quote>dærdʒæst læppū arast ajnæǵy bylmæ</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>зоркий юноша отправился на край утеса</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>the sharp-sighted young man went to the edge of the cliff</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>65</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d2874e324">
<form xml:id="form_d2874e326" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>wazal cæstæj kæsyn</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d2874e329" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>izol cæstæj kæsun</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2874e334"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>относиться равнодушно</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>be unaffected by smth</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/><biblScope>256%l2%l</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
</re>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2874e353">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e355">
<quote>īw cæst ma fezmælyd, īnnæ nyʒʒaǧyr</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>один глаз еще шевельнулся, другой уставился неподвижно</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>one eye moved one more time, the other stared motionless</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>86</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e374" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>(Agundæ) æ ræsuǧd cæstæj næ rafæl gasuj</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>(Агунда) не взглянет прелестным оком</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>(Agunda) will not look with a lovely eye</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope>54%l16%l</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e396">
<quote>mæ cæstitæbæl ǧazuncæ saw nimæt æma saw bæx</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>перед моими глазами мелькают черная бурка и черный конь</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>a black chesnut horse and a black horse are flashing in front of my
eyes</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e415">
<quote>dæ rūxs cæstængas</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>твой светлый взгляд</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>your bright glance</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e434" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>wældaj cæstingas sæmæ nʽ adtæj</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>не было за ними особого присмотра</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>there was no special supervision over them</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/><biblScope>255%l4%l</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e457">
<quote>xorz cæstæj kæsyn</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">относиться благожелательно</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">look with favour on smth</q>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e474">
<quote>cæstytyl wajyn</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">носиться перед глазами</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">rush in front of someone's eyes</q>
</abv:tr>
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (обычно о призраке)</note>
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (about phantom)</note>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e497">
<quote>adæmy cæsty ftawyn</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">позорить перед людьми</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">shame in front of people</q>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e514">
<quote>fæcæsty kænyn</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">сглазить</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">maleficiate</q>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e531" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>cæsti arfæ</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">заговор против сглаза</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">spell against maleficiate</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">II 172
сл.</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">II 172
ff.</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e558" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>cæsti nikʼuld</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">миг</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">wink</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/><biblScope>102</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e583">
<quote>cæsty fænykʼūlynmæ</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">во мгновение ока</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">split second</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e604">
<quote>cæstmæ daryn</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">попрекать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">blame</q>
</abv:tr>
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">, ‘ставить на вид’</note>
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">, reproach</note>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e627">
<quote>adæmæn jæ cæst nīcy warzy</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>для людей ему всего жаль</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>he grudges everything for people</q>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e642">
<quote>jæ cæstytæ dony razyldysty</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>его глаза подернулись слезами</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>his eyes were filled with tears</q>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2874e657">
<quote>Beslanmæ toggini cæstæj kæsun bajdædtoncæ</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>стали смотреть на Беслана, как на кровного врага</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>[they] began to look at Beslan like at a blood enemy</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_LQ"/><biblScope>III
37</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Конечное -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">t</hi> l -<hi rendition="#rend_italic"></hi> представляет наращение, характерное
еще для нескольких слов: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_myst"/> ‘мышь’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syst"/> ‘вошь’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nostæ"/> ‘невеста’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæftæg"/>
‘копыто’ (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>572</biblScope></bibl>). Корень представляет усечение <hi rendition="#rend_italic">casm</hi>;
такая форма действительно сохранилась в значении ‘петля’; <hi rendition="#rend_italic">casm</hi> восходит к
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">čašman</hi>; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e784" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e692" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>časm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e789" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e697" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
<w>čōm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e794" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e702" xml:lang="x-rushani"><lang/>
<w>čām</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e799" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e707" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>čōžm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e804" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e712" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>tišm</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">
(<bibl><author>Залеман</author></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e814" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e722" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w>*čašm-(čšm-)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e820" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e728" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>čašman-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e825" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e733" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>čakṣu</w>
<gloss><q>глаз</q></gloss></mentioned>. Корень <hi rendition="#rend_italic">čas</hi>- представляет перебой
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kas</hi>-, который мы находим в ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæsyn"/>
‘смотреть’. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_casm"/> ‘петля’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæskom"/> ‘лицо’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæstysyg"/>
‘слеза’ [см. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæssyg"/>].%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 47, III
141</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>. —
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>17, 24, 572</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">The final -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">t</hi> | -<hi rendition="#rend_italic"></hi> represents an augmentation typical
for some other words: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_myst"/> mouse, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syst"/> louse, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nostæ"/> bride, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæftæg"/>
hoof (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>572</biblScope></bibl>). The root represents a reduction
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">casm</hi>; such form is really found in the meaning loop; <hi rendition="#rend_italic">casm</hi> traces back
to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">čašman</hi>; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e692" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e784" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>časm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e697" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e789" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
<w>čōm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e702" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e794" xml:lang="x-rushani"><lang/>
<w>čām</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e707" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e799" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>čōžm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e712" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e804" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>tišm</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">
(<bibl><author>Salemann</author></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e722" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e814" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w>*čašm-(čšm-)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e728" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e820" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>čašman-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2874e733" xml:id="mentioned_d2874e825" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>čakṣu</w>
<gloss><q>eye</q></gloss></mentioned>. The root <hi rendition="#rend_italic">čas</hi>- represents the
change of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kas</hi>- which is found in Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæsyn"/> see. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_casm"/>
loop, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæskom"/> face, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæstysyg"/> tear [see also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæssyg"/>].%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 47, III
141</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>. —
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>17, 24,
572</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>