211 lines
18 KiB
XML
211 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cong</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_cong" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d2431e66" type="lemma"><orth>cong</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2431e69"><sense xml:id="sense_d2431e70"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>рука (le bras)</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>arm</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2431e79"><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">также</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">also</note><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ветвь</q>
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</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">также</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">also</note><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>branch</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d2431e97">
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<re xml:id="re_d2431e99">
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<form xml:id="form_d2431e101" type="lemma"><orth>congoj</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2431e104" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><usg><lang/></usg><sense xml:id="sense_d2431e107"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>безрукий</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>armless</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2431e116"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>калека</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>cripple</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d2431e127">
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<form xml:id="form_d2431e129" type="lemma"><orth>congdaræn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2431e132"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>браслет</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bracelet</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d2431e143">
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<form xml:id="form_d2431e145" type="lemma"><orth>conǵy qul</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2431e148"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>запястье</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wrist</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2431e160">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2431e162">
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<quote>Batraʒ… mardæn jæ raxīz cong ralyg kodta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Батрадз отсек у мертвеца правую руку</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Batradz cut off the dead man's right arm</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/><biblScope>254</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2431e181">
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<quote>dæ īw cong mæ kardy bosyl babædd, æmæ de ʽnnæ cong mæmmæ
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ærbadædd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>одну твою руку привяжи к перевязи моего меча, а другую руку подай
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мне</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bind one of your arms to the baldric of my sword, and give me the
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other</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/><biblScope>I 70</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2431e200">
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<quote>cy cængtæ myl razad!</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>какие (сильные) руки на мне выросли!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>what strong hands have grown on me!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>57</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2431e219">
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<quote>bælasy congyl cærgæsaw sbadti</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>на ветке дерева (ворона) уселась, как орел</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>(a crow) sat on a tree branch like an eagle</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>82</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2431e238" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>bælæstæ ænæ cængtæ izadæncæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>деревья оставались без ветвей</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the trees were without branches</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>9%l1%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2431e261">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2431e263">
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<quote>lægæn… ærmæst īw cong. „Wazæg, ægas cū“,— ʒūry ʒongoj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>у (того) человека только одна рука. «Гость, добро пожаловать»,—
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говорит безрукий</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>(that) person has only one hand. ‘Guest, welcome’, says the
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armless</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>IV
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118</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Широко распространенное в новоиранских языках слово: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e447" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e286" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>čang</w>
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<gloss><q>лапа</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e455" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e294" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>когти</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e461" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e300" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>рука с согнутыми пальцами</q></gloss></mentioned>, — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e467" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e306" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>čangāl</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e472" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e311" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>čeng</w>
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<gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e481" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e320" xml:lang="ku"><w/>
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<gloss><q>крыло</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bedir_Xan"/></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e490" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e329" xml:lang="zza"><lang/>
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<w>čäñgil</w>
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<gloss><q>плечо</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">Abt. III, Bd. IV,
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стр.363</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e503" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e342" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>cang</w>
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<gloss><q>бок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e511" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e350" xml:lang="ps"><w>cāng</w>
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<gloss><q>крыло</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e518" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e357" xml:lang="ps"><w>cangal</w>
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<gloss><q>рука от локтя до запястья</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>) и др. Из персидского — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e528" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e367" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>čʼangi</w>
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<gloss><q>коготь</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e536" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e375" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>cong</w></mentioned> по значению отходит от персидского и не может
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рассматриваться как усвоенное из последнего. Как оригинальное оно возводится к
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e541" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e380" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>*čanga</w></mentioned>, наличному в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e546" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e385" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>pəsō-čingha-</w>
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<gloss><q>с раздвинутыми когтями</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e555" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e394" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>čingh</w></mentioned> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e560" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e399" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>*čanga-</w></mentioned>, ср. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/><biblScope>897</biblScope></bibl>.— <bibl><author>J.
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Duchesne-Guillemin</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/><biblScope>IX 861</biblScope></bibl>). В конечном счете слово
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заключает, вероятно, корень <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kan</hi>- ‘копать’. Форма с начальным <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi> налицо в
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персидском:<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e574" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e413" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>kang</w>
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<gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e582" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e421" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>крыло</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e589" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e428" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>ветвь</q></gloss></mentioned>. О следах этого слова в аланском см.
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>161</biblScope></bibl>(Sangibanus). — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cængærīnæ"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>18, 161</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The word is widespread in new Iranian languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e286" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e447" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>čang</w>
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<gloss><q>paw</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e294" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e455" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>claws</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e300" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e461" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>hand with bent fingers</q></gloss></mentioned>, — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e306" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e467" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>čangāl</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e311" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e472" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>čeng</w>
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<gloss><q>arm</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e320" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e481" xml:lang="ku"><w/>
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<gloss><q>wing</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bedir_Xan"/></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e329" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e490" xml:lang="zza"><lang/>
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<w>čäñgil</w>
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<gloss><q>shoulder</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">Abt. III, Bd. IV,
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p.363</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e342" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e503" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>cang</w>
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<gloss><q>side</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e350" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e511" xml:lang="ps"><w>cāng</w>
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<gloss><q>wing</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e357" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e518" xml:lang="ps"><w>cangal</w>
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<gloss><q>arm from elbow to wrist</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>) etc. From Persian — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e367" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e528" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>čʼangi</w>
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<gloss><q>claw</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e375" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e536" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>cong</w></mentioned> in its meaning moves away from Persian and cannot be
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considered as a Persian borrowing. Like the original one, it traces back to
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e380" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e541" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>*čanga</w></mentioned> which is found in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e385" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e546" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>pəsō-čingha-</w>
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<gloss><q>with spread claws</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e394" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e555" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>čingh</w></mentioned> comes from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e399" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e560" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>*čanga-</w></mentioned>, cf. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/><biblScope>897</biblScope></bibl>.— <bibl><author>J.
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Duchesne-Guillemin</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/><biblScope>IX 861</biblScope></bibl>). In the final count, the word
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probably contains the root <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kan</hi>- ‘dig’. The form with initial <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi> is found
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in Persian:<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e413" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e574" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>kang</w>
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<gloss><q>hand</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e421" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e582" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>wing</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2431e428" xml:id="mentioned_d2431e589" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>branch</q></gloss></mentioned>. See <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>161</biblScope></bibl>(Sangibanus) for
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traces of this word in Alan. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cængærīnæ"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>18,
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161</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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