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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_cyxcyr.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cyxcyr</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_cyxcyr" xml:lang="os">
<form xml:id="form_d5087e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>cyxcyr</orth><form xml:id="form_d5087e68" type="variant"><orth>cyxcyræg</orth></form></form>
<form xml:id="form_d5087e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>cuxcur</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5087e74"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>вода, падающая с жолоба</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>water falling from the gutter</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5087e84">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d5087e86">
<quote>tæʒynægæj cyxcyrægmæ</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>из-под протекающей крыши — под жолоб</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>from under a leaking roof — under a gutter</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">поговорка, по смыслу соответствующая русской:
„из огня да в полымя“</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">a proverb
corresponding by its meaning to English: “fall out of the pan into
the fire”</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Перестановка из *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">cucxur</hi>. В основе лежит, как мы думаем,
слово *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">čxur</hi> ‘вода’ южнокавказского (картвельского) происхождения. В
соответствие <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e175" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e110" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>cʼqal-</w>
<gloss><q>вода</q></gloss></mentioned> мы ждем на мегрело-чанской почве
закономерно <hi rendition="#rend_italic">čʼqor</hi>-, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">čʼqur</hi>-. Эта именно форма, которой мы в мегрельском и
чанском не находим, но которая налична в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e183" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e118" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>cʼqur-vili</w>
<gloss><q>жажда</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e191" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e126" xml:lang="ka"><w>m-cʼquria</w>
<gloss><q>я жажду</q></gloss></mentioned>, и отложилась в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e197" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e132" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>*cu-cxur</w></mentioned>. Наращение в начале <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cu</hi>- могло произойти на
картвельской почве, ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e202" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e137" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>ce-cxli</w>
<gloss><q>огонь</q></gloss></mentioned> (основа <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cxl</hi>, ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e211" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e146" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>cxeli</w>
<gloss><q>горячий</q></gloss></mentioned>). Но это наращение могло появиться
и в осетинском как результат желания придать слову большую звукоподражательную
выразительность (сейчас звучание слова кажется воспроизведением шума падающей
воды, но это впечатление, как часто бывает, обманчиво и не может служить ключом
к этимологии слова). Сюда же примыкают <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e219" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e154" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar" extralang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
<w>čučxur</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e224" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e159" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
<w>čačxari</w>
<gloss><q>водопад</q></gloss></mentioned>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>276</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Replacing from *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">cucxur</hi>. We consider the word *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">čxur</hi>
‘water’ of South Caucasian (Kartvelian) origin to be the basis. As a
correspondence to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e110" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e175" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>cʼqal-</w>
<gloss><q>вода</q></gloss></mentioned> we expect regular <hi rendition="#rend_italic">čʼqor</hi>-,
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">čʼqur</hi>- in Mingrelian and Laz languages. This exactly form is not found in
Mingrelian and Laz but is attested in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e118" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e183" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>cʼqur-vili</w>
<gloss><q>thurst</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e126" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e191" xml:lang="ka"><w>m-cʼquria</w>
<gloss><q>I thurst</q></gloss></mentioned> and remained in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e132" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e197" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>*cu-cxur</w></mentioned>. The initial augmentation <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cu</hi>- could have the
Kartvelian origin, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e137" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e202" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>ce-cxli</w>
<gloss><q>fire</q></gloss></mentioned> (the stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cxl</hi>, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e146" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e211" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>cxeli</w>
<gloss><q>hot</q></gloss></mentioned>). But this augmentation could also
appear in Ossetic as a result of the desire to give the word more onomatopoeic
expressiveness (now the sound of the word seems to be a reproduction of the
sound of falling water, but this impression, as often happens, is deceptive and
cannot serve as a key to the etymology of the word). The following words:
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e154" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e219" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar" extralang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
<w>čučxur</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5087e159" xml:id="mentioned_d5087e224" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
<w>čačxari</w>
<gloss><q>waterfall</q></gloss></mentioned> also relate here.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>276</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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