111 lines
8.5 KiB
XML
111 lines
8.5 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fælmæn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_fælmæn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d2111e66" type="lemma"><orth>fælmæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2111e69"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мягкий</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>soft</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2111e79">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2111e81">
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<quote>qarm fælmæn kærc dary</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>носит теплую мягкую шубу</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he wears a warm soft fur coat</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>113</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2111e100">
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<quote>fælmæn bælasy kalm baxordta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мягкое дерево поел червь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>a worm ate through a soft tree</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Ӕмб."/><biblScope>26</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2111e119" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>fælmæn ærtæx rast zænxæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>нежная роса на праведную землю</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>gentle dew for the righteous land</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
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155</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<re xml:id="re_d2111e142">
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<form xml:id="form_d2111e144" type="lemma"><orth>fælmænzærdæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2111e147"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мягкосердечный</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>soft-hearted</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Несмотря на кажущуюся несовместимость значений, следует сблизить
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с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fælm"/> ‘марево’. Для последнего слова
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восстанавливается значение ‘пыль’ (см. выше). Стало быть, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fælmæn</hi> — ‘подобный
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пыли, муке’, ‘мягкий, как пыль, мука’. Решительную поддержку находит такое
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разъяснение в ваханском языке: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2111e202" xml:id="mentioned_d2111e162" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>palm</w>
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<gloss><q>тонкая пыль</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2111e210" xml:id="mentioned_d2111e170" xml:lang="wbl"><w/>
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<gloss><q>мягкий</q></gloss></mentioned>; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2111e216" xml:id="mentioned_d2111e176" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>polm</w>
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<gloss><q>мягкий</q></gloss></mentioned>. Совершенно аналогичное
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семантическое развитие в славянских языках, где <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2111e224" xml:id="mentioned_d2111e184" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>мягкий, мука</w></mentioned> одного корня (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*menk-</hi>). Конечный <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-æn</hi>
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в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fælm-æn</hi> выступает здесь как формант уподобления; ср. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kar-æn</hi> ‘похожий
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по возрасту’ от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kar"/> ‘возраст’ (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fælm-æn</hi>
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‘подобный пыли’).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II 237</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Despite the seeming incompatibility of the meanings, it should
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be related to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fælm"/> ‘mirage’. For the latter
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word the meaning ‘dust’ is reconstructed (see above). Thus, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fælmæn</hi> means
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‘similar to dust, flour’, ‘soft as dust, as flour’. Such an explanation finds
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strong support in the Wakhi language: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2111e162" xml:id="mentioned_d2111e202" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>palm</w>
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<gloss><q>thin dust</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2111e170" xml:id="mentioned_d2111e210" xml:lang="wbl"><w/>
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<gloss><q>soft</q></gloss></mentioned>; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2111e176" xml:id="mentioned_d2111e216" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>polm</w>
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<gloss><q>soft</q></gloss></mentioned>. Completely similar semantic
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development is found in Slavic languages, where <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2111e184" xml:id="mentioned_d2111e224" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>mjagkij</w>
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<gloss><q>soft</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2111e233" xml:lang="ru"><w>muka</w>
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<gloss><q>flour</q></gloss></mentioned> are of the same root (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*menk-</hi>).
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The final <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-æn</hi> in <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fælm-æn</hi> is used as a similative formant; cf. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kar-æn</hi>
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‘similar in age’ from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kar"/> ‘age’ (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fælm-æn</hi>
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‘similar to dust’).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II 237</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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