275 lines
22 KiB
XML
275 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fynʒ</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_fynʒ" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d3250e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>fynʒ</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3250e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>finʒ(æ)</orth><form xml:id="form_d3250e71" type="variant"><orth>fij</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3250e74"><sense xml:id="sense_d3250e75"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>нос</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>nose</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3250e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>кончик</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>tip</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d3250e94">
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<form xml:id="form_d3250e96" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>fynʒy x˳ynk</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3250e99" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>finʒi cʼasæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3250e102"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ноздря</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>nostril</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d3250e113" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<lang/>
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<form xml:id="form_d3250e117" type="lemma"><orth>finʒi</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3250e120"><sense xml:id="sense_d3250e121"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>впереди</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>in front</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3250e130"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>в начале</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>at the beginning</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d3250e142" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<lang/>
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<form xml:id="form_d3250e146" type="lemma"><orth>cæwun finʒi</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3250e149"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>идти впереди</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>go ahead</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3250e160">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3250e162">
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<quote>xīstæræn jæ fynʒ amærz æmæ jæ zondæj bafærs</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>утри у старшего нос и спроси у него ума</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wipe the elder's nose and ask his mind</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (т. е. следует уважать опыт старшего,
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даже если он по старческой беспомощности не может уже утереть
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нос)</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (that is, the experience of the elder
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should be respected, even if due to old age helplessness he can no
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longer wipe his nose)</note>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
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232</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3250e188">
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<quote>caværdær kærdæǵy smag jæ fynʒyl sæmbældī</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>запах какой-то травы ударил ему в нос</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the smell of some herb hit his nose</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazaq"/><biblScope>173</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3250e207">
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<quote>Totyraʒ… Soslany jæ arcy fynʒyl felvæsta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Тотрадз поднял Сослана на острие своего копья</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Totradz raised Soslan on the point of his spear</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/><biblScope>330</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3250e226" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>ærbalqivta… cirǧ kardi fij ængondær</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>она плотнее прижала конец острого ножа</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>she pressed the end of the sharp knife tighter</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/><biblScope>99</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<re xml:id="re_d3250e249">
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<form xml:id="form_d3250e251" type="lemma"><orth>kʼaxy fynʒ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3250e254"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>носок</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>toe</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d3250e265">
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<form xml:id="form_d3250e267" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ʒabyry fynʒ</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3250e270" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ʒaburi fij</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3250e273"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>носок чувяка</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>chuviak's toe</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/><biblScope>98</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3250e291">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3250e293" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>finʒi co!</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>иди впереди!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>go ahead!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
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139</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3250e315" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>dæ nivæ finʒi cæwæd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>твое счастье впереди пусть шествует</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>let your happiness go ahead</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Saxi_ræs."/><biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3250e337" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>fæwon din finʒi</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пусть я буду впереди тебя</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>let me be ahead of you</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (в смысле „пусть я раньше умру“, ср. и.
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">dæ fyccag fæwon</hi> id.)</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (in the sense “let me die earlier”,
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compare with Iron <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dæ fyccag fæwon</hi> id.)</note>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/><biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3250e366">
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<quote>Aqbad je ʽfsadæn finʒʒæwæg</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Акбад предводительствует своим войском</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Akbad leads his army</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Близкие по звучанию слова для ‘носа’ имеются как в иранских, так
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и кавказских языках. На иранской почве: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e554" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e388" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>phonʒ, pōz</w>
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<gloss><q>нос</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e562" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e396" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>pōz</w>
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<gloss><q>клюв</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e570" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e404" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>рот</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e576" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e410" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>морда</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e582" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e416" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>paza</w>
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<gloss><q>нос</q></gloss></mentioned>, диалект <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e591" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e425" xml:lang="wne"><lang/>
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<w>pīza</w></mentioned>
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(<bibl><biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Morgenstierne</hi></biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e599" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e433" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>fiska</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e604" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e438" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>fusεk</w>
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<gloss><q>нос</q></gloss></mentioned>; сюда же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e612" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e446" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>pic, pec</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e617" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e451" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>pec</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e623" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e457" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>pec</w>
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<gloss><q>лицо</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e631" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e465" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>pit</w>
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<gloss><q>нос</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">Abt. II, стр.
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190</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e644" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e478" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>piṃja-</w>
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<gloss><q>вершина</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e652" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e486" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
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<gloss><q>грудь</q></gloss></mentioned>? На Кавказе: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e658" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e492" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
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<w>a-pəncʼa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e664" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e498" xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
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<w>facʼä</w>
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<gloss><q>нос</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e672" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e506" xml:lang="xmf"><lang/>
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<w>pʼiǯi</w>
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<gloss><q>рот</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e680" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e514" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>pʼinčvi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e685" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e519" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>p’inǯ</w>
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<gloss><q>ноздря</q></gloss></mentioned>. Осетинская форма настолько близка
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к кавказским, особенно абхазской, что отрывать ее от них не представляется
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возможным. Исходная форма <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pinʒ-</hi> могла быть мегрельским соответствием груз.
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pʼiri</hi> ‘рот’ (ср. мегр. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pʼiʒi</hi> ‘рот’), что решительно говорит в пользу
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коренного кавказского происхождения этого слова. Созвучие с иранскими формами
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остается приписать случайности. От <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fynʒ</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">finʒæ</hi> образовано <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyccag"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ficcag</hi> ‘первый’, буквально
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„носовой“, „передний“.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 78</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>66</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/><biblScope>231,
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397</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>200, 314, 317, 326, 329, 591</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Similar sounding words for ‘nose’ are found in both Iranian and
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Caucasian languages. Iranian languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e388" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e554" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>phonʒ, pōz</w>
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<gloss><q>nose</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e396" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e562" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>pōz</w>
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<gloss><q>beak</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e404" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e570" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>mouth</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e410" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e576" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>snout</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e416" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e582" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>paza</w>
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<gloss><q>nose</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e425" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e591" xml:lang="wne"><lang/>
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<w>pīza</w></mentioned>
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(<bibl><biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Morgenstierne</hi></biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e433" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e599" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>fiska</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e438" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e604" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>fusεk</w>
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<gloss><q>nose</q></gloss></mentioned>; see also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e446" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e612" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>pic, pec</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e451" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e617" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>pec</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e457" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e623" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>pec</w>
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<gloss><q>face</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e465" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e631" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>pit</w>
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<gloss><q>nose</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">Abt. II, p.
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190</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e478" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e644" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>piṃja-</w>
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<gloss><q>top</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e486" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e652" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
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<gloss><q>chest</q></gloss></mentioned>? Languages of Caucasus: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e492" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e658" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
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<w>a-pəncʼa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e498" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e664" xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
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<w>facʼä</w>
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<gloss><q>nose</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e506" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e672" xml:lang="xmf"><lang/>
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<w>pʼiǯi</w>
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<gloss><q>mouth</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e514" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e680" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>pʼinčvi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3250e519" xml:id="mentioned_d3250e685" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>p’inǯ</w>
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<gloss><q>nostril</q></gloss></mentioned>. The Ossetic form is so close to
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Caucasian ones, especially to the Abkhaz one, that it is not possible to
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separate it from them. The initial form <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pinʒ-</hi> might have been a Mingrelian
|
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correspondence of Georgian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pʼiri</hi> ‘mouth’ (compare with Mingrelian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pʼiʒi</hi>
|
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‘mouth’), which strongly speaks in favour of the native Caucasian origin of this
|
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word. Consonance with Iranian forms remains to be attributed to chance. The word
|
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyccag"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ficcag</hi> ‘first’ is derived from
|
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fynʒ</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">finʒæ</hi>, literally “nose”, “front”.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 78</biblScope></bibl>;
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>66</biblScope></bibl>;
|
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|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/><biblScope>231, 397</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>200, 314, 317, 326, 329,
|
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591</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
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</entry>
|
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</body>
|
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</text>
|
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</TEI>
|