192 lines
17 KiB
XML
192 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k0yroj</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_k0yroj" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d293e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>k˳yroj</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d293e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kurojnæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d293e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мельница</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>mill</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d293e82">
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<re xml:id="re_d293e84">
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<form xml:id="form_d293e86" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>k˳yrojgæs</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d293e89" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kurongæs</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d293e92"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мельник</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>miller</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d293e103">
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<form xml:id="form_d293e105" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>k˳yrojwat</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d293e108" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kuronwat</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d293e111"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>место (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">wat</hi>), где была мельница</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>place (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">wat</hi>), where the mill was</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d293e122">
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<form xml:id="form_d293e124" type="lemma"><orth>k˳yrojʒaw</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d293e127"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>идущий на мельницу</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>going to the mill</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d293e138">
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<form xml:id="form_d293e140" type="lemma"><orth>dong˳yron</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d293e143"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мельничный ручей</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>mill stream</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>234</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d293e161">
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<form xml:id="form_d293e163" type="lemma"><orth>wadg˳yroj</orth></form>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">ветряная
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мельница</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">windmill</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d293e177">
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<form xml:id="form_d293e179" type="lemma"><orth>ærmǧ˳yroj</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d293e182"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ручная мельница</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>handmill</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d293e194">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d293e196">
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<quote>k˳yræjttæ nybbadtysty</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мельницы остановились</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the mills stopped</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d293e215">
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<quote>k˳yrojʒawtæ ʽrcydysty</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>идущие на мельницы пришли</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the ones that are going to the mills came</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d293e234" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>Iræf babæj ivulʒænæj æma lasʒænæj kuræntti</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>„(река) Ираф опять разольется и снесет мельницы</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the Iraf river will flood again and demolishes the mills</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>126</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Конечный <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-oj</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-ojnæ</hi> восходит здесь, как и в других
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случаях, к <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-an-</hi>, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æncoj"/> и др.
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Восстанавливаемая таким образом форма <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kurān-</hi> налична в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e376" xml:id="mentioned_d293e262" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>Kurandan</w></mentioned>, буквально „мельничный ручей“ (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>285</biblScope></bibl>).
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Дальнейшая ступень <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kuron</hi> — в сложных словах д. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kurongæs</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kuronwat</hi>,
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и. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">donǧ˳yron</hi> и др. Форма <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kuran-</hi> с редукцией первого гласного могла
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иметь вариант <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kran-</hi>, к которому закономерно восходит ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lxoj"><w>lxoj</w></ref> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ælxojnæ</hi> ‘пест’ (может быть, сюда <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e388" xml:id="mentioned_d293e274" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
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<w>x%rə%rrani</w>
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<gloss><q>мельничный лоток</q></gloss></mentioned>, — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/><biblScope>V 34</biblScope></bibl>). Не лежит ли в
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основе и.е. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*k˳ran-</hi> ‘камень’, наличное в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e401" xml:id="mentioned_d293e287" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>κραναός</w>
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<gloss><q>каменистый</q></gloss></mentioned>? И не имеем ли вариант этой же
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основы (со звонким началом) в и.е. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*g˳r(a)n-</hi>, к которому восходит <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e409" xml:id="mentioned_d293e295" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>erk’an</w>
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<gloss><q>жернов</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e417" xml:id="mentioned_d293e303" xml:lang="xcl"><w/>
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<gloss><q>мельница</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e423" xml:id="mentioned_d293e309" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>grāvan-</w>
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<gloss><q>камень для выжимания сомы</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e431" xml:id="mentioned_d293e317" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w n="0">жрънь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e437" xml:id="mentioned_d293e324" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>girna</w>
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<gloss><q>жернов</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e445" xml:id="mentioned_d293e332" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>qairnus</w>
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<gloss><q>мельница</q></gloss></mentioned>? (о взаимоотношении и.е. форм
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см.: <bibl><author><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Мeillеt</hi></author><biblScope xml:lang="ru">Le nom
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indo-européen de la meuIe. Mélanges Р. Воуег, 1925, стр.
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1-12</biblScope></bibl>). Если так,
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то слово приходится возводить к доиндоевропейскому субстрату, так как имеются
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надежные соответствия в <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">кавказских</hi> языках, которые трудно признать
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заимствованием: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e458" xml:id="mentioned_d293e345" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>gurana</w>
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<gloss><q>пест</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e466" xml:id="mentioned_d293e353" xml:lang="lzz"><lang/>
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<w>gurni</w>
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<gloss><q>мельничный желоб</q></gloss></mentioned>. Для семантики
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‘камень’—‘жернов’—‘мельница’ ср. коми <hi rendition="#rend_italic">из</hi> ‘камень’, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">изки</hi> ‘жернов’,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">изан(ин)</hi> ‘мельница’. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lxoj"><w>lxoj</w></ref> ‘пест’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zyrn"/> ‘токарный станок’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>46, 60, 297</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The final sequence <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-oj</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-ojnæ</hi> traces here, as in other
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cases, back to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-an-</hi>, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æncoj"/> etc. The
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reconstructed in such a way form <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kurān-</hi> is present in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e262" xml:id="mentioned_d293e376" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>Kurandan</w></mentioned>, literally „mill stream“ (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>285</biblScope></bibl>). The following
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stage <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kuron</hi> is found in composite words Digor <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kurongæs</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kuronwat</hi>,
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Iron <hi rendition="#rend_italic">donǧ˳yron</hi> etc. The form <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kuran-</hi> with the reduction of the first
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vowel might have had the variant <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kran-</hi>, to which Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lxoj"><w>lxoj</w></ref> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ælxojnæ</hi> ‘pestle’ is traced in a regular way
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(maybe, it is also related to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e274" xml:id="mentioned_d293e388" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
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<w>x%rə%rrani</w>
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<gloss><q>mil-race</q></gloss></mentioned>, — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/><biblScope>V 34</biblScope></bibl>). Does not the
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stem have Indo-European <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*k˳ran-</hi> ‘stone’, present in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e287" xml:id="mentioned_d293e401" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>κραναός</w>
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<gloss><q>stone (adj.)</q></gloss></mentioned>? And is not the variant of
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the same stem (with the voiced start) present in Indo-European <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*g˳r(a)n-</hi>, to
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which the following words are traced: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e295" xml:id="mentioned_d293e409" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>erk’an</w>
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<gloss><q>millstone</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e303" xml:id="mentioned_d293e417" xml:lang="xcl"><w/>
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<gloss><q>mill</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e309" xml:id="mentioned_d293e423" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>grāvan-</w>
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<gloss><q>stone for squeezing soma</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e317" xml:id="mentioned_d293e431" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>žrъnь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e324" xml:id="mentioned_d293e437" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>girna</w>
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<gloss><q>millstone</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e332" xml:id="mentioned_d293e445" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>qairnus</w>
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<gloss><q>mill</q></gloss></mentioned>? (about the relation between
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Indo-European forms see: <bibl><author><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Мeillеt</hi></author><biblScope xml:lang="en">Le nom indo-européen de la
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meuIe. Mélanges Р. Воуег, 1925, p. 1-12</biblScope></bibl>). If so, then
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the word should be traced back to Pre-Indo-European substrate, because there are
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reliable correspondences in <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Caucasian</hi> languages, which hardly can be
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interpreted as borrowing: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e345" xml:id="mentioned_d293e458" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>gurana</w>
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<gloss><q>pestle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d293e353" xml:id="mentioned_d293e466" xml:lang="lzz"><lang/>
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<w>gurni</w>
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<gloss><q>mill race</q></gloss></mentioned>. For the semantics
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‘stone’—‘millstone’—‘mill’ cf. Komi <hi rendition="#rend_italic">из</hi> ‘stone’, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">изки</hi> ‘millstone’,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">изан(ин)</hi> ‘mill’. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lxoj"><w>lxoj</w></ref> ‘pestle’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zyrn"/> ‘lathe’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>46, 60, 297</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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