147 lines
14 KiB
XML
147 lines
14 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kakon</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_kakon" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d2050e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>kakon</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d2050e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kokojnæ</orth><form xml:id="form_d2050e71" type="variant"><orth>koko</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2050e74"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>терновник</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>blackthorn</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d2050e84">
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<form xml:id="form_d2050e86" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>kakon synʒ</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d2050e89" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kokojni sinʒæ</orth><form xml:id="form_d2050e91" type="variant"><orth>koko sinʒæ</orth></form></form>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2050e95">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2050e97" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>Sirdon bæxi 'ftawguti buni kokojni sinʒitæ bakodta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Сирдон подложил под попону лошади терновые колючки</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Sirdon put thorns under the horsecloth</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
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21</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2050e119" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>aci suvællonmæ fud cæstæ, fud zærdæ ka badara, e fæxxætæd koko
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sinʒæbæl bæǧænbadæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>кто отнесется к этому ребенку с дурным глазом, дурным сердцем, тот
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пусть походит по терновнику босиком</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>may whoever who treats this child with an evil eye and a bad heart
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walk on the blackthorn barefoot</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
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177</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2050e141">
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<quote>dæ wazægdony kakon synʒ k˳y szadi<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">из песни о Куцыкке</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">from a
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song about Kutsyk</note></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>в твоей кунацкой вырос терновник</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>blackthorn grew in your kunak room</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Слово представлено в угро-финских, тюркских и кавказских языках:
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e275" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e165" xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
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<w>kökény</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e280" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e170" xml:lang="hu"><w>kökönye</w>
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<gloss><q>терновник</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e286" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e176" xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
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<w>kokan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e291" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e181" xml:lang="udm"><lang/>
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<w>kekon</w>
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<gloss><q>чемерица</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e299" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e189" xml:lang="udm"><w/>
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<gloss><q>helleborus</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e306" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e196" xml:lang="trk" extralang="chg"><lang/>
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<w>küküm</w>
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<gloss><q>род сливы</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vámbéry"/></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e317" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e207" xml:lang="ky"><lang/>
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<w>küken</w>
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<gloss><q>вишня</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Будагов"/></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e328" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e218" xml:lang="tr-x-anat"><lang/>
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<w>köken</w>
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<gloss><q>земляника</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Zenker"/></bibl>); <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e340" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e230" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>koka</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e345" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e235" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>kakon</w></mentioned> в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Eš-kakon</hi> название местности, буквально
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„ослиный (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">eš</hi>) терновник (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kakon</hi>)", ср. аналогичное осетинское выражение:
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">xæræg synʒ</hi> ‘ослиный терновник’. Может быть, сюда же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e350" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e240" xml:lang="ka" dialect="ka-x-rach"><lang/>
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<w>c’ia k’ok’onia</w>
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<gloss><q>обрядовый костер</q></gloss></mentioned> (из терновника?)
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/><biblScope>XXI 2
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122</biblScope></bibl>). — Если допустить, что в корне слова лежит
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e362" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e252" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>kök</w>
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<gloss><q>синий</q></gloss></mentioned> (что, однако, подходит не для всех
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приведенных значений), то первоисточник следует искать в тюркских языках.
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gombocz"/><biblScope>(101)</biblScope></bibl> считает венг. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kökény</hi>
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заимствованным из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e375" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e265" xml:lang="xbo"><lang/>
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<w>*kükän</w></mentioned>, а восточнофинские факты, вряд ли основательно,
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совершенно отделяет. Осетинский мог заимствовать слово как из угро-финских (ср.
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pysyra</hi> ‘крапива’), так и из тюркских (для соответствия тюрк. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">küküm</hi> — ос.
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kokon</hi> ср. тюрк. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">gügüm</hi> — ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_gogon"/>
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‘кувшин’). О связи с др.инд. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kakṣa-</hi> ‘низкий кустарник’ думать не
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приходится.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The word is present in Ugro-Finnic, Turkic and Caucasian
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languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e165" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e275" xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
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<w>kökény</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e170" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e280" xml:lang="hu"><w>kökönye</w>
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<gloss><q>blackthorn</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e176" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e286" xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
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<w>kokan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e181" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e291" xml:lang="udm"><lang/>
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<w>kekon</w>
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<gloss><q>hellebore</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e189" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e299" xml:lang="udm"><w/>
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<gloss><q>helleborus</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e196" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e306" xml:lang="trk" extralang="chg"><lang/>
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<w>küküm</w>
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<gloss><q>prunus</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vámbéry"/></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e207" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e317" xml:lang="ky"><lang/>
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<w>küken</w>
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<gloss><q>cherry</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Будагов"/></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e218" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e328" xml:lang="tr-x-anat"><lang/>
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<w>köken</w>
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<gloss><q>strawberry</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Zenker"/></bibl>); <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e230" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e340" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>koka</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e235" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e345" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>kakon</w></mentioned> in <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Eš-kakon</hi> locality name, literally „donkey's
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(<hi rendition="#rend_italic">eš</hi>) blackthorn (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kakon</hi>)", cf. analogous Ossetic expression: %ixæræg
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synʒ%i ‘donkey's blackthorn’. Maybe <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e240" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e350" xml:lang="ka" dialect="ka-x-rach"><lang/>
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<w>c’ia k’ok’onia</w>
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<gloss><q>ceremonial fire</q></gloss></mentioned> (from blackthorn?) is
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related to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kakon</hi> as well (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/><biblScope>XXI 2 122</biblScope></bibl>). — Supposing that the root
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contains <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e252" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e362" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>kök</w>
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<gloss><q>blue</q></gloss></mentioned> (however, this is not suitable for
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all meanings above), its source should be in Turkic languages. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gombocz"/><biblScope>(101)</biblScope></bibl>
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consideres Hungarian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kökény</hi> to be borrowed from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2050e265" xml:id="mentioned_d2050e375" xml:lang="xbo"><lang/>
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<w>*kükän</w></mentioned>, and he separates it from eastern-Finnish facts
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(it is hardly so). Ossetic might have borrowed this word from Ugro-Finnic
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languages (cf. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pysyra</hi> ‘nettle’), as well as from Turkic languages (for the
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correspondence of Turkic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">küküm</hi> — Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kokon</hi> cf. Turkic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">gügüm</hi> —
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Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_gogon"/> ‘jug’). The relation with Old
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Indic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kakṣa-</hi> ‘low scrub’ is not probable.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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