132 lines
10 KiB
XML
132 lines
10 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">maʒar</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_maʒar" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<form xml:id="form_d2169e66" type="lemma"><orth>maʒar</orth><form xml:id="form_d2169e68" type="variant"><orth>mazar</orth></form></form>
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<re xml:id="re_d2169e71">
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">обычно в выражении</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">usually in the expression</note>
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<form xml:id="form_d2169e79" type="lemma"><orth>maʒajrag topp</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2169e82"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">маджарское ружье</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Majar gun</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2169e95">
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<example xml:id="example_d2169e97">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tamsyr… tesmel kard jæ astæwyl ærbasta,
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<oRef>maʒajrag topp</oRef> jæ kʼūxy ajsta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Тамсыр привязал к поясу шашку
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<foreign>tesmel</foreign>, взял в руку маджарское ружье</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tamsyr tied a <foreign>tesmel</foreign> sabre
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at his belt, took in his hand a Majar gun</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 137</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2169e126" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Esen æ cubur <oRef>maʒajrag</oRef>
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ærbajsta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Есен взял свое короткое маджарское ружье</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Yesen took his short Majar gun</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 129</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2169e154" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Badeli adtæj <oRef>mazajrag</oRef>
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læg</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Бадели был маджарский человек</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Badeli was a Majar man</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Происходит от названия средневекового города <w>Maǰar</w> на р. Куме в
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Ставропольском крае Сев. Кавказа. Это название в свою очередь является, возможно,
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наследием венгров (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e276" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e182" xml:lang="hu"><w>magyar</w></mentioned>), пребывавших на
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Сев. Кавказе в VI–VIII вв. н. э. По дигорским преданиям, из Маджар происходил
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родоначальник дигорских феодалов <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e279" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e185" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>Badeli</w></mentioned>, который впервые принес в Дигорию ружье, откуда и пошло
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выражение <oRef>maʒajrag topp</oRef>. Термин известен и некоторым другим кавказским
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народам: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e284" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e190" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
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<w>mažar</w>
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<gloss><q>ружье</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e293" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e199" xml:lang="av"><phr>qirim mažar</phr>
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<gloss><q>крымское ружье</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e299" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e205" xml:lang="av"><phr>istambul
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mažar</phr>
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<gloss><q>стамбульское ружье</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e305" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e211" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>mažær</w>
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<gloss><q>род винтовки</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e313" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e219" xml:lang="ka-x-pshav"><lang/>
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<w>mažari</w>
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<gloss><q>вид ружья</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Важа Пшавела</author>. <title>Этнографические
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сочинения</title>. <date>1937</date>, <biblScope>стр.
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108</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — В <lang>русском</lang> этот
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первоначально этнический термин сохранился как название особой арбы: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e335" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e241" xml:lang="ru"><w>мажара</w>, <w>маджара</w>, <w>можара</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">[из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e344" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e250" xml:lang="ka-x-pshav"><lang/>
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<w>maǰar</w>
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<gloss><q>арба</q></gloss></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
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<biblScope>II 87</biblScope></bibl>]</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 140, 159</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Originates from the name of the mediæval city <w>Maǰar</w> on the river
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Kuma in what is currently Stavropol Krai in the North Caucasus. This name, in its turn, is
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possibly inhertide from the Hungarians (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e182" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e276" xml:lang="hu"><w>magyar</w></mentioned>), who resided in the North Caucasus in the 6th–8th centuries
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AD. According to Digor legends, the ancestor of the Digor feudal lords <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e185" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e279" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>Badeli</w></mentioned> was from the Majars. It was he who first
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brought a gun to Digoria, whence the expression <oRef>maʒajrag topp</oRef>. The term is
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also known to other Caucasian peoples: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e190" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e284" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
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<w>mažar</w>
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<gloss><q>gun</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e199" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e293" xml:lang="av"><phr>qirim mažar</phr>
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<gloss><q>Crimean gun</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e205" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e299" xml:lang="av"><phr>istambul
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mažar</phr>
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<gloss><q>Istanbul gun</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e211" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e305" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>mažær</w>
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<gloss><q>a kind of rifle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e219" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e313" xml:lang="ka-x-pshav"><lang/>
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<w>mažari</w>
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<gloss><q>a kind of gun</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Vazha-Pshavela</author>. <title>Ètnografičeskie
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sočinenija</title> [Ethnographic writings]. <date>1937</date>, <biblScope>p.
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108</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — In <lang>Russian</lang> this
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originally ethnic term has been preserved as the name of a specific kind of cart:
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e241" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e335" xml:lang="ru"><w>mažara</w>, <w>madžara</w>, <w>možara</w>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">[from
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2169e250" xml:id="mentioned_d2169e344" xml:lang="ka-x-pshav"><lang/>
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<w>maǰar</w>
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<gloss><q>cart</q></gloss></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
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<biblScope>II 87</biblScope></bibl>]</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 140, 159</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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