202 lines
16 KiB
XML
202 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nyllæg</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_nyllæg" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d2929e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>nyllæg</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d2929e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>nillæg</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2929e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d2929e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>низкий</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>low</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2929e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>невысокий</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>low-level</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2929e91"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>низко</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>low (adv.)</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ант. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bærzond"/></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; ant. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bærzond"/></note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2929e110">
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<example xml:id="example_d2929e112">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bærzondæj <oRef>nyllægmæ</oRef> max dær
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bafæʒæxs</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с высоты в низину и нас благослови</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from high to lowland and bless us</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>66</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2929e137">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>nyllæggomaw</oRef> bæzærxyg læg</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">невысокий коренастый мужчина</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">short stocky man</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2929e156">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">rast sīxor afon (Axmæt) Pirany xæʒary
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balæwwyd æmæ jyn dardgomawæj <oRef>nyllæg</oRef> bak˳yvta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как раз во время обеда Ахмат вошел в дом Пирана
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и издалека низко ему поклонился</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">just in time of the dinner, Akhmat entered
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Piranʼs house and bowed low to him from afar</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2929e181">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qybylæj <oRef>nyllægdær</oRef>, lægæj
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bærzonddær</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ниже поросенка, выше человека</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">below a pig, above a man</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="en">riddle, the answer
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is: hat</biblScope>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
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<biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2929e209" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Boræfærnug… sær <oRef>nillæg</oRef> æma on
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bærzondæj randæj sæxemæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Борафарнуг поехал к себе с опущенной
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(<q>низкой</q>) головой и поднятыми (<q>высокими</q>) лопатками (т. е.
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удрученный)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Borafarnug went to his place with a lowered
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head (i.e. dejected) (<q>low</q>) head and raised (<q>high</q>) shoulder blades
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(i.e. dejected)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>7</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2929e246" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">hej, xwarz adæm, hej, ængartæ, cæj, ma
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<oRef>ʽrnillæg</oRef> wæd næ nom</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">эй, добрые люди, эй, друзья, пусть не унизится
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наше имя</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">hey, good people, hey, friends, let our name
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not be humiliated</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>56</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2929e274" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bærzond tæxis, <oRef>nillæg</oRef> ma
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ʽrbadæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">высоко летаешь, не села бы низко</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you fly high, you would not sit low</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>93</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Вероятно, из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e470" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e305" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ninnæg</w></mentioned> с диссимилятивной заменой <c>nn</c> → <c>ll</c>, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_malūsæg"><w>malusæg</w>
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<gloss><q>подснежник</q></gloss> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e484" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e319" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">manusæg</w></mentioned></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lamaz"><w>lamaz</w>
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<gloss><q>мусульманская молитва</q></gloss> из <w>namaz</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fantʼal"/> из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">фонтан</hi> и др. Ср.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e504" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e337" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>nina-</w> (<w>näna-</w>)</mentioned> в сложении <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e512" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e345" xml:lang="kho"><w>ninārra</w>
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<gloss><q>ладонь</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">впадина
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руки</q></gloss>)</mentioned>. Мы имеем дело с образованием от приставки <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e523" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e356" xml:lang="ine"><c>ni-</c></mentioned>, означающей при глаголах направление вниз:
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<c>ni-na-</c> от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e529" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e362" xml:lang="ine"><c>ni-</c></mentioned>, как, скажем,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e532" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e365" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>paiti-na-</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæjnæ"/>)</note></mentioned> от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e542" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e375" xml:lang="kho"><w>paiti-</w></mentioned>. От этой
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же общеиндоевропейской приставки <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e545" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e378" xml:lang="ine"><c>ni-</c></mentioned>
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образованы <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e548" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e381" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>nitaram</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e554" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e386" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>nidar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e559" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e392" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>nieder</w>
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<gloss><q>вниз</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e567" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e400" xml:lang="de"><w>niedrig</w>
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<gloss><q>низкий</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e573" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e406" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>nizъ</w>
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<gloss><q>вниз</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e581" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e414" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>низ</w>, <w>низкий</w></mentioned>, и пр. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>312</biblScope></bibl>). Геминацию <c>ll</c> (← <c>nn</c>) следует объяснять
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либо общей тенденцией к геминации конечного согласного основы при наращении суффикса
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
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<biblScope>§ 1982</biblScope></bibl>), либо тем, что исходной формой была не <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e603" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e436" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ninaka</w></mentioned>-, а <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e607" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e440" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ninyaka</w></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
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<biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
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<biblScope>1887 XLI 331, 342</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Bailey</author>,
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<title>Indo-Iranica. Mélanges Morgenstierne</title>, <pubPlace>Wiesbaden</pubPlace>,
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<date>1964</date>, <biblScope>стр. 11</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Perhaps, from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e305" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e470" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ninnæg</w></mentioned> with dissimilative replacement <c>nn</c> → <c>ll</c>, likewise
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in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_malūsæg"><w>malusæg</w>
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<gloss><q>snowdrop</q></gloss> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e319" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e484" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">manusæg</w></mentioned></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lamaz"><w>lamaz</w>
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<gloss><q>muslim prayer</q></gloss> from <w>namaz</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fantʼal"/> from
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<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20220720T124949+0300" comment="здесь надо рус mntnd?"?><hi rendition="#rend_italic">fontan</hi><?oxy_comment_end ?> etc. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e337" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e504" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>nina-</w> (<w>näna-</w>)</mentioned> in compound <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e345" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e512" xml:lang="kho"><w>ninārra</w>
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<gloss><q>palm</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">dimple of the
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arm</q></gloss>)</mentioned>. We are dealing with derivation using the prefix
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e356" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e523" xml:lang="ine"><c>ni-</c></mentioned>, denoting downward direction with
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verbs: <c>ni-na-</c> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e362" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e529" xml:lang="ine"><c>ni-</c></mentioned>, like, for
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instance, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e365" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e532" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>paiti-na-</w>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæjnæ"/>)</note></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e375" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e542" xml:lang="kho"><w>paiti-</w></mentioned>.
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Derived rom the same common Indo-European prefix <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e378" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e545" xml:lang="ine"><c>ni-</c></mentioned> are <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e381" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e548" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>nitaram</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e386" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e554" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>nidar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e392" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e559" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>nieder</w>
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<gloss><q>downwards</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e400" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e567" xml:lang="de"><w>niedrig</w>
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<gloss><q>low</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e406" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e573" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>nizъ</w>
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<gloss><q>downwards</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e414" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e581" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>niz</w>, <w>nizkij</w></mentioned>, etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>312</biblScope></bibl>). Geminated <c>ll</c> (← <c>nn</c>) should be
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accounted for either by the general tendency to gemination of the final stem consonant
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accompanied by adding the suffix (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
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<biblScope>§ 1982</biblScope></bibl>) or by the fact that the initial stem was
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e436" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e603" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ninaka</w></mentioned>- and not <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2929e440" xml:id="mentioned_d2929e607" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ninyaka</w></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
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<biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
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<biblScope>1887 XLI 331, 342</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Bailey</author>,
|
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<title>Indo-Iranica. Mélanges Morgenstierne</title>, <pubPlace>Wiesbaden</pubPlace>,
|
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<date>1964</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p. 11</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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