197 lines
13 KiB
XML
197 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sælavyr</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_sælavyr" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d2513e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sælavyr</orth><form type="variant"><orth>sælabyr</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>salaur</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2513e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>куница</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>marten</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Mustela martes scythica</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Mustela martes scythica</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sælavyrʒarm</w>
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<gloss><q>куний мех</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sælavyrʒarm</w>
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<gloss><q>marten fur</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>sælabyr</oRef> bælasy cʼūppæj ataxtīs
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æmæ fælīžæg</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">куница полетела с верхушки дерева и убежала</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a marten flew down from the top of the tree and
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ran away</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>I 96</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(ḱyzg) jæxī <oRef>sælabyr</oRef> festyn
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kodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(девушка) обратилась в куницу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(a girl) turned into a marten</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>I 96</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...ḱyzg k˳y ʼrvystoj, wæd yn īnnæ ʒawmættīmæ
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zynarǧ cærmttæ dær læværdtoj — <oRef>sælabyrtæ</oRef> æmæ wyrdtæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда выдавали девушку замуж, то вместе с
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другими вещами давали ей также (в приданое) дорогие меха — куницы, выдры</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when they married off a girl, they gave her (as
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a dowry) expensive furs: of a marten, of an otter, along with other things</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1962 VII 66</biblScope></bibl>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Ср. в
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древнерусском <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><w>кучное</w> в смысле
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<gloss><q>приданое</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="footnote">Cf. in Old
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Russian <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><w>kučnoje</w> in the sense
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<gloss><q>dowry</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īw <oRef>sælavyr</oRef> syl alyǧdī; racaxstoj
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jæ, argævstoj jæ, jæ fyd yn baxordtoj, jæ carmyl ta jyn tærxon kodtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">одна куница пробегала мимо них; они ее поймали,
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зарезали, мясо ее съели, а о мехе стали судить-рядить</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one marten ran by them; they caught it up,
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knifed, ate its meat and started to argue about the fur</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 52</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tærqosi fædbæl zelunmæ ænæ zinadæ æncæ adæm,
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beræǧtæ, <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">salaurtæ</oRef> æma ændær sirdtæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">зайца неутомимо преследуют люди, волки, куницы
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и другие звери</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">hare is tirelessly pursued by people, wolves,
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martens and other animals</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
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<biblScope>II 25</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Wyryzmægæn sælavyrʒarm radtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Урызмагу дали куний мех</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Wyryzmæg was given marten fur</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 58</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Животные называются нередко по их цвету. Так, индоевропейское название
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бобра (<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>babhra-</w></mentioned> и пр.), а также германское название медведя (<mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Bär</w></mentioned> и пр.) означают <gloss><q>коричневый</q></gloss>. Подобных
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примеров множество. Быть может, осетинское название куницы такого же происхождения и
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сближается (в качестве скифо-германо-славянской изоглоссы) с <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>salawēr</w>
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<gloss><q>темного цвета</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>sallow</w>
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<gloss><q>желтоватый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>соловый</w></mentioned> и пр. Можно думать также о прямой связи с <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ṡarvara-</w>, <w>ṡabara-</w>, <w>ṡabala-</w>
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<gloss><q>пестрый</q></gloss></mentioned>. Нельзя не заметить также, что осетинское
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название куницы созвучно монголо-тюркским названиям рыси: <mentioned xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
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<w>šilüüs(en)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cv"><lang/>
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<w>ṡülevěṡ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tt"><lang/>
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<w>seləüsen</w></mentioned> и пр. [ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>särba</w>
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<gloss><q>соболь</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
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<biblScope>403</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sah"><lang/>
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<w>solobui</w>
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<gloss><q>хорек</q></gloss></mentioned>]. Хотя ни одна из этих форм не могла быть прямым
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источником ос. <oRef/>, быть может таким источником послужила какая-либо
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незасвидетельствованная форма типа <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">salawur</w> или
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<w type="rec">səlawur</w></mentioned>. Из осетинского идет <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>salor</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>soalor</w>
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<gloss><q>куница</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Animals are often called by their colour. For instance, Indo-European
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name of a beaver (<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>babhra-</w></mentioned> etc.) and also Germanic name of a bear (<mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Bär</w></mentioned> etc.) mean <gloss><q>brown</q></gloss>. There are plenty of
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similar examples. Perhaps the Ossetic word for marten has the same origin and goes back to
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(as a Scythian-Germanic-Slavic izogloss) <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>salawēr</w>
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<gloss><q>of a dark colour</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>sallow</w>
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<gloss><q>yellowish</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>solovyj</w></mentioned> etc. One may also think about a direct connection with
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<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ṡarvara-</w>, <w>ṡabara-</w>, <w>ṡabala-</w>
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<gloss><q>motley</q></gloss></mentioned>. It must be noted also that the Ossetic name of
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a murten sound similar to Mongolian-Turkic names of a lynx: <mentioned xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
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<w>šilüüs(en)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cv"><lang/>
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<w>ṡülevěṡ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tt"><lang/>
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<w>seləüsen</w></mentioned> etc. [cf. also <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>särba</w>
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<gloss><q>sable</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
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<biblScope>403</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sah"><lang/>
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<w>solobui</w>
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<gloss><q>ferret</q></gloss></mentioned>]. Though neither of these forms could be the
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immediate source of Ossetic <oRef/>, an unattested form like <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">salawur</w> or <w type="rec">səlawur</w></mentioned> could serve as such a
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source. <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>salor</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>soalor</w>
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<gloss><q>marten</q></gloss></mentioned> are borrowings from Ossetic.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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