272 lines
18 KiB
XML
272 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">stær</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_stær" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d3803e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>stær</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>(æ)stær</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3803e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>razzia</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>razzia</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>военно-разбойничья экспедиция с целью главным образом угона скота</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>a military bandit expedition aiming mainly to raid the cattle</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> — одно из обычных занятий героев нартовского
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эпоса</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> — one of the usual activities of the heroes of the
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Nart epics</note>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>stæry (stærmæ) cæwyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">отправляться в такую экспедицию</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">go on such an expedition</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>stæron</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">участник такой экспедиции</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a member of such an expedition</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>некто относящийся к ней</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>someone related to it</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_balc"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xætæn"/></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_balc"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xætæn"/></note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Nartæ... <oRef>stærmæ</oRef> cæwyn ysfænd
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kodtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нарты задумали отправиться в
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<oRef>stær</oRef></q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts decided to start the
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<oRef>stær</oRef></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>I 20</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æz dæ fæxonʒynæn Andurzaq <oRef>stæry</oRef>
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cy rætty xattī ūrdæm</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я поведу тебя в те места, где бродил в боевых
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походах Андурзак</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I will take you to the places where Andurzaq
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wandered in his military campaigns</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>IV 118</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ balxon læg... Mysyrbi... jæ farsmæ ta
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Dudaryqo, <oRef>stæry</oRef> cydy — jæ raxīz cong</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">их вожак — Мысырби, рядом с ним Дударыко, в
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разбойничьих экспедициях— его правая рука</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">their leader is Mysyrbi, next to him is
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Dudaryqo, his right hand in robber expeditions</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
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<biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">max aræxdær cæwyn qæwy <oRef>stæry</oRef>
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cydty, nybbyrstyty</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нам надо чаще ходить в <oRef>stær</oRef>, в
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набеги</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">we should more often do <oRef>stær</oRef>
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expeditions</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
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<biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...stæron balæn īw tyx ḱī kodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...(ты) который укрощал разбойничью шайку</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...(you) who tamed the robber gang</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из песни о
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Цомаке</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from the song about
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Tsomak</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ew xatt i fæjiawmæ æstæjrontæj duwwadæs
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bæxgini ærcudæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">однажды к пастуху явились двенадцать всадников
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из разбойничьей шайки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one day twelve horsemen from a band of robbers
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came to the shepherd</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 131</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru"><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>aiwištara-</w></mentioned>
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<bibl><author>Bartholomae</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>95</biblScope>)</bibl> анализирует <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>aiwi-iš-tar-</w> от <w>aes-</w>
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<gloss><q>владеть</q></gloss> и выражение <phr><w>daiŋ́huš</w>
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<w>aiwištara-</w></phr> переводит <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">владетель
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страны</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>683</biblScope>)</bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Ничто не мешает, однако,
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делить <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>aiwi-stara-</w></mentioned> и упомянутое выражение
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переводить <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">опустошитель страны</q>: речь идет о
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созданных злым духом Ахриманом на погибель праведным зороастрийцам враждебных племенах
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(<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221104T142606+0300" comment="что за источник?"?><bibl>V.
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I. 17, 19<biblScope/></bibl><?oxy_comment_end ?>). — Восстанавливаемое <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">stara-</w>
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<gloss><q>razzia</q></gloss></mentioned> распознается еще, если допустить
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<c>s</c>-mobile (как в <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221104T143014+0300" comment="это осетинское?" flag="done"?><w>(s)tāyu-</w>
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<gloss><q>вор</q></gloss><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>), в <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>tāṛ</w>
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<gloss><q>gang of robbers</q>, <q>band</q>, <q>spoil</q>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
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<biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss>, <gloss><q>шайка, банда
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грабителей</q>, <q>грабеж</q>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Асланов"/>
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<biblScope>210</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss></mentioned> и, может быть, в
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<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>tārāt</w>, <w>tārāǰ</w>, <w>tālā</w>
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<gloss><q>грабеж</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tælæt" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>tælæt</w></ref>)</note></mentioned>. Не исключено, что вся эта группа связана по
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корню со <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221104T143014+0300" comment="это осетинское?" flag="done"?><w>(s)tāyu-</w>
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<gloss><q>хищник</q>, <q>вор</q></gloss><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_staj"/>). За пределами иранского сюда можно отнести германскую
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группу: <mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
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<w>stela</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>stelan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>stehlen</w>
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<gloss><q>красть</q>, <q>похищать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>stāla</w>
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<gloss><q>хищение</q>, <q>кража</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр.; далее <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>στερέω</w>
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<gloss><q>отнимаю</q>, <q>лишаю</q></gloss></mentioned>. Может быть, сюда же (с
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экспрессивными вариациями) <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>стырить</w>, <w>стюрить</w>, <w>стялить</w>
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<gloss><q>стащить</q>, <q>украсть</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch._Mithra"/>
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<biblScope>253 сл., прим. (<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>aiwištara</w></mentioned>)</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author>
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<biblScope>(в письме от 10 XI 1965) (<mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>στερέω</w></mentioned>)</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en"><bibl><author>Bartholomae</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>95</biblScope>)</bibl> analyzes <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>aiwištara-</w></mentioned> as <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>aiwi-iš-tar-</w> from
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<w>aes-</w>
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<gloss><q>own</q></gloss> and translates the expression <phr><w>daiŋ́huš</w>
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<w>aiwištara-</w></phr> as <gloss><q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">owner of the
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country</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl"><bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>683</biblScope>)</bibl></note></mentioned>. Nothing prevents, however, to
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analyze <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>aiwi-stara-</w></mentioned> and translate the
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mentioned expression as <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">the devastator of the
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country</q>: it is about hostile tribes created by the evil spirit Ahriman for the
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destruction of the righteous Zoroastrian tribes
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(<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221104T142606+0300" comment="что за источник?"?><bibl>V.
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I. 17, 19<biblScope/></bibl><?oxy_comment_end ?>). — A reconstructed <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">stara-</w>
|
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<gloss><q>razzia</q></gloss></mentioned> is recognized in <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>tāṛ</w>
|
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|
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<gloss><q>gang of robbers</q>, <q>band</q>, <q>spoil</q>
|
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|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss>, <gloss><q>gang of robbers</q>,
|
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|
|
<q>theft</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Асланов"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>210</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss></mentioned> and may be in
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>tārāt</w>, <w>tārāǰ</w>, <w>tālā</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>robbery</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tælæt" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>tælæt</w></ref>)</note></mentioned>, if we assume the presence of <c>s</c>-mobile
|
|||
|
|
(as in <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221104T143014+0300" comment="это осетинское?" flag="done"?><w>(s)tāyu-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>thief</q></gloss><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>). It is possible that this
|
|||
|
|
whole group is connected by the root with <mentioned xml:lang="ira" extralang="txb"><?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221104T143014+0300" comment="это осетинское?" flag="done"?><w>(s)tāyu-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>predator</q>, <q>thief</q></gloss><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned> (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_staj"/>). Outside of the Iranian languages, the German
|
|||
|
|
languages can be noticed here: <mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stela</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stelan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stehlen</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>steal</q>, <q>kidnap</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stāla</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>kidnapping</q>, <q>robbery</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.; further <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>στερέω</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>I take it away</q>, <q>I deprive</q></gloss></mentioned>. Maybe also here
|
|||
|
|
(with expressive variants) <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>styritʼ</w>, <w>styuritʼ</w>, <w>styalitʼ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>steal</q>, <q>rob</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch._Mithra"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>253 ff., fn. (<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>aiwištara</w></mentioned>)</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>(in the letter of 10 XI 1965) (<mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>στερέω</w></mentioned>)</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|